翅片结构对翅片管换热器积灰与压降影响的实验研究

积灰对具有不同翅片结构的翅片管换热器均会造成长效性能的衰减。本文搭建了换热器积灰可视化实验台,研究了翅片结构对积灰量及积灰后空气侧压降的影响。测试样件的翅片类型包括平直翅片、波纹翅片和开窗翅片;翅片间距范围为1.3~1.8 mm。实验结果表明:开窗翅片管换热器表面最容易沉积粉尘并增大积灰后压降,与平直翅片相比,波纹翅片和开窗翅片表面粉尘沉积量分别提高了25.6%和52.8%、积灰后压降增量分别提高了44.4%和165.6%;对于开窗翅片,小翅片间距有利于积灰并增大积灰后压降,与翅片间距1.8 mm的样件相比,翅片间距1.5 mm和1.3 mm的样件表面粉尘沉积量分别提高了26.2%和43.2%、积灰后压降增量分别提高了24.1%和49.4%;在积灰过程中,随着粉尘沉积量的增加,翅片管换热器空气侧压降先增大后保持稳定。     

亲水涂层对翅片管式换热器空气侧性能的影响

为了分析亲水涂层对翅片管式换热器空气侧性能的影响,对干/湿工况下亲水涂层翅片和普通翅片管式换热器空气侧的压降和热阻进行对比试验。结果表明：相对于普通翅片管式换热器,在干工况下,亲水涂层翅片管式换热器空气侧压降略增大,空气侧热阻增大10%左右;在湿工况下,亲水涂层翅片管式换热器空气侧压降减小,空气侧热阻增大4%左右;亲水涂层翅片管式换热器空气侧热阻基本不受空气湿度的影响。     

开缝翅片管换热器表面积尘与压降特性的实验研究

翅片管换热器表面沉积的粉尘会导致换热器压降增加。本文搭建了换热器积灰可视化实验台,选取开缝翅片管换热器为测试样件,在风速范围为1.0~2.3 m/s,喷粉浓度范围为2.1~10.8 g/m~3的条件下进行实验,研究了换热器表面的粉尘沉积特性及空气侧压降变化。结果表明:粉尘主要沉积在翅片迎风面的前缘开缝处以及换热管的迎风面上;高风速有利于粉尘沉积并增大积灰前后压降增幅,在风速变化范围内,粉尘沉积量最多增加98.4%,积灰前后压降增幅最多增加93.8%;提高喷粉浓度有利于粉尘沉积并增大积灰前后的压降增幅;在喷粉浓度变化范围内,粉尘沉积量最多增加22.8%,积灰前后压降增幅最多增加28.6%;在积灰过程中,空气侧压降比粉尘沉积量更快达到稳定状态。     

带亲水层波纹翅片管换热器空气侧特性的参数影响分析

为了确定翅片间距、管排数和入口空气相对湿度等参数对析湿工况下带亲水层波纹翅片空气侧特性的影响，对7个带亲水层的波纹翅片管换热器进行了试验研究，并分别以Colbum换热因子和Fanning摩擦因子来反映空气侧换热和压降特性。结果表明，换热和摩擦因子都随着翅片间距的减小而增大。换热因子随着管排数的增加而减小，而摩擦因子受管排数的影响不显著。当入口相对湿度增大时，换热因子增大，而摩擦因子则几乎不变。入口水温越低，则入口空气相对湿度对换热因子的影响越显著。     

百叶窗翅片管式换热器换热性能分析

针对市场上常用的百叶窗翅片管式换热器,为了确定翅片密度、管排数以及进口空气相对湿度对空气侧特性的影响,对6种结构参数的换热器进行试验研究,采用无量纲化的传热因子和摩擦因子分别衡量空气侧的换热和压降特性。结果表明,翅片密度越大,传热因子越小,翅片密度对摩擦因子的影响在空气干、湿工况下有所不同;管排数越多,传热因子越大,摩擦因子越小;传热因子和摩擦因子均随进口空气相对湿度的增大而增大。     

间歇运行对翅片管式蒸发器长效特性的影响

研究了翅片管式蒸发器在空调器长期运行中,由于间歇运行对于其换热和空气侧压降的影响。实验对象为一个铝翅片铜管换热器和一个铜管铜翅片换热器。实验表明,经过多次间歇运行后,蒸发器的换热系数明显下降,空气侧压降有所增大,铜翅片铜管换热器的长效换热特性强于铝翅片铜管换热器,两者的长效压降特性相当。     

低气压下翅片管换热器空气侧传质特性实验研究

本文实验研究了两个具有不同翅片间距的平翅片管式换热器在低环境气压以及析湿工况下空气侧的传质特性,在环境气压为40～100 kPa,换热器入口空气风速为0.5～4 m/s,入口空气相对湿度为50％～90％,入口空气干球温度为27℃,水流速为1.65 m/s的实验工况下,分析了环境气压、换热器迎面风速、翅片间距及入口空气相...     

三种常见的翅片型式对翅片管式换热器性能的影响

针对市场上常见的波纹片型、百叶窗片型以及桥片型翅片管式换热器,为了确定翅片型式对空气侧换热和压降性能的影响,对每种片型的3种翅片间距的换热器进行试验研究。结果表明:在干空气工况下,同一风速时波纹片型换热器热阻最大,百叶窗片型换热器热阻次之,桥片型换热器热阻最小,而换热器空气侧压降与热阻的变化趋势相反;在湿空气工况下,同一风速时,3种片型换热器的热阻变化趋势同干空气工况一致,百叶窗片型和桥片型的换热器空气侧压降接近,波纹片型的换热器空气侧压降相对较低。     

影响翅片管换热器结霜因素的研究

用实验研究低温工况下（-5℃以下）变化参数对翅片管换热器霜形成率的影响,获得了空气入口相对湿度、空气流速以及翅片间距等参数对结霜量和空气侧压降的变化规律。实验结果可以为制冷系统的优化提供依据。     

管排数对变频空调系统翅片管蒸发器性能影响研究

通过对2排管和4排管翅片管蒸发器进行实验研究,以确定管排数在变频制冷工况下对翅片管换热器的影响。结果表明管排数对蒸发器换热量影响比较明显,平均单位管排换热量和传热系数2排管的均大于4排管的,析湿工况下2排管的空气侧压降小于4排管的空气侧压降,并随着压缩机频率的增加更明显。     

空气侧结构对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热流动性能的影响

建立了多元微通道平行流冷凝器的稳态分布参数模型,与实验对比验证了模型的正确性。利用所建立的模型,研究了翅片高度、翅片间距、百叶窗开窗间距、百叶窗开窗角度变化对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热和流动性能的影响。结果表明,随着翅片高度的增大,换热量逐渐增大,空气侧压降逐渐减小;随着翅片间距或者百叶窗开窗间距的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐减小;随着百叶窗开窗角度的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐增大。     

Air-side thermal hydraulic performance of multi-louvered fin aluminum heat exchangers

An experimental study on the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for multi-louvered fin and flat tube heat exchangers has been performed. For 45 heat exchangers with different louver angles (15–29°), fin pitches (1.0, 1.2, 1.4 mm) and flow depths (16, 20, 24 mm), a series of tests were conducted for the air-side Reynolds numbers of 100–600, at a constant tube-side water flow rate of 0.32 m³/h. The inlet temperatures of the air and water for heat exchangers were 21 and 45°C, respectively. The air-side thermal performance data were analyzed using effectiveness-NTU method for cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluid unmixed conditions. The heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop data for heat exchangers with different geometrical configurations were reported in terms of Colburn j-factor and Fanning friction factor f, as functions of Reynolds number based on louver pitch. The general correlations for j and f factors are developed and compared to other correlations. The f correlation indicates that the flow depth is one of the important parameters for the pressure drop.     

Effect of louver angle on performance of heat exchanger with serpentine fins and flat tubes in frosting: Importance of experiments in periodic frosting

This paper presents the air-side pressure drop and overall heat transfer coefficient characteristics for serpentine-louvered-fin, microchannel heat exchanger in periodic frosting. It focuses on quantification of the effects of louver angle on heat transfer and pressure drop and on defrost and refrost times. Nine heat exchangers differing in louver angle and fin pitch (i.e. louver angle 15° to 39° and fin pitch 12 to 18 fpi) are studied. The face velocity was 3.5 m s⁻¹ and inlet air relative humidity of 70% and 80%.The major finding of this paper is seen in the proof that it is necessary to perform experiments in several consecutive cycles to be able to understand the situation in operation of the heat exchangers and that geometry that is the best in first frosting test does not stay the best in real operation where multiple consecutive frosting occurs.     

波纹翅片管换热器表面粉尘沉积特性的实验研究

空调器室外换热器大多采用波纹翅片管,因使用过程中表面积灰而导致性能下降。本文通过搭建积灰可视化实验台来观测粉尘的分布特征并测定沉积量,研究波纹翅片管换热器表面的粉尘沉积特性。其中测试样件的翅片间距范围为1.6~3.2mm,喷粉浓度范围为80~280 kg/m~3,风速范围为1~3 m/s,喷粉时间为15~90 s。研究表明,粉尘主要沉积在换热器迎风面的翅片前缘处以及换热管的迎风面上;翅片间距小时易于粉尘沉积,翅片间距为1.6 mm样件上的单位面积粉尘沉积量较3.2 mm样件最多增加了52%;提高喷粉浓度会增加粉尘沉积,喷粉浓度为280 kg/m~3下的单位面积粉尘沉积量较80 kg/m~3最多增加了88.2%;高风速能够抑制粉尘沉积,风速为3 m/s下的单位面积粉尘沉积量较1 m/s最多下降了6.3%。     

微通道冷凝器空气侧性能的实验研究

对13个微通道冷凝器空气侧性能进行实验研究,分析空气侧换热系数和压降与迎面空气流速、翅片片距、百叶窗翅片开窗数、扁管宽度及扁管高度之间的关系,并将实验值与3个不同的百叶窗翅片换热及压降关联式的预测值进行比较。结果表明：翅片片距和扁管宽度对空气侧性能影响较大,3个关联式中Kim—Bullard关联式预测偏差相对最小,换热系数的预测偏差在0～-30％以内,摩擦系数的偏差在±20％偏差范围内。最后基于已有实验数据,对KimBullard关联式进行重新拟合。     

Air-side performance of brazed aluminum heat exchangers under dehumidifying conditions

An experimental study for air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of brazed aluminum heat exchangers under dehumidifying conditions has been performed. For 30 samples of louvered fin heat exchangers with different geometrical parameters, the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for wet surface were evaluated. The test was conducted for air-side Reynolds number in the range of 80–300 and tube-side water flow rate of 320 kg/h. The dry- and wet-bulb temperatures of the inlet air for heat exchangers were 27 and 19 °C, respectively and the inlet water temperature was 6 °C. The air-side thermal performance data for cooling and dehumidifying conditions were analyzed using effectiveness-NTU method for cross-flow heat exchanger with both fluids unmixed. The test results are reported, compared with those for the dry surface heat exchangers, in terms of sensible j factor and friction factor f, as functions of Reynolds number based on louver pitch. The correlations for j and f factors are developed within rms errors of ±16.9 and ±13.6%, respectively.     

Air-side performance evaluation of three types of heat exchangers in dry,wet and periodic frosting conditions

The performances of three types of heat exchangers that use the louver fin geometry: (1) parallel flow parallel fin with extruded flat tubes heat exchanger (PF²), (2) parallel flow serpentine fin with extruded flat tubes heat exchanger (PFSF) and (3) round tube wave plate fin heat exchanger (RTPF) have been experimentally studied under dry, wet and frost conditions and results are presented. The parameters quantified include air-side pressure drop, water retention on the surface of the heat exchanger, capacity and overall heat transfer coefficient for air face velocity 0.9, 2 and 3 m/s, air humidity 70% and 80% and different orientations. The performances of three types of heat exchanger are compared and the results obtained are presented. The condensate drainage behavior of the air-side surface of these three heat exchanger types was studied using both the dip testing method and wind tunnel experiment.     

Effect of inlet humidity condition on the air-side performance of an inclined brazed aluminum evaporator

The effect of air inlet humidity condition on the air-side heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics for an inclined brazed aluminum heat exchanger has been investigated experimentally. For a heat exchanger with a louver angle of 27°, fin pitch of 2.1 mm and flow depth of 27.9 mm, a series of tests are conducted for the air-side Reynolds numbers of 80–400, with variation of inlet humidity condition. The heat transfer data are obtained for wet condition only and the pressure drop data are measured for both dry and wet conditions. The inlet air temperature and relative humidity range are 12 °C and 60–90%, respectively. The inclination angles (θ) from the vertical position are 0, 14, 45, and 67° clockwise (leeward direction). The inclination angles affect moderately the sensible heat transfer coefficient for wet condition, and the pressure drops for both dry and wet conditions increase systematically with the inclination angle. The heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics under wet condition are not influenced substantially by the air inlet humidity for θ 45°. The effect of the louver directions at the inlet and outlet of the inclined heat exchanger on the performance is also addressed.