PBS-co-Glu共聚酯与磷酸酯淀粉共混制得复合材料性能

以L-谷氨酸(Glu)对聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)进行亲水改性,制得不同Glu含量(以丁二酸的物质的量为基准,下同)的共聚酯,标记为PBS-co-Glun%(n=0、1、2、3、4、5),并运用乳液-浇注成型法将PBS-co-Glun%与磷酸酯淀粉(PPS)共混,制备了PBS-co-Glun%/PPS复合材料。采用FTIR、1HNMR表征了PBS-co-Glun%共聚酯的化学结构;采用XRD、POM、SEM、光透过率和拉伸实验对共聚酯的亲水性、结晶性能及复合材料的表面形貌、光透过率和力学性能进行了测试,脂肪酶降解实验测试了复合材料的降解性能。结果表明:随Glu含量的增加,PBS-co-Glun%/PPS复合材料的断裂伸长率和降解率均有所增加;当Glu含量为4%时,PBS-coGlu4%/PPS复合材料断裂伸长率达到最大值98%;与PBS/PPS复合材料酶降解率36.80%相比,PBS-co-Glu5%/PPS复合材料酶降解率提高到42.79%;所有材料中PBS-co-Glu2%/PPS复合材料的光透过率最大。     

改性共聚酯PETG耐热性能的研究

PETG作为一种新型聚酯产品,在家电、包装、建材等领域广泛应用。尤其在家电领域的特殊应用,需要该材料拥有较好的耐热性,否则影响制品的长周期使用。通过共聚酯切片热失重、玻璃化温度等性能检测,确定产品本身热性能。通过注塑加工制品热变形指标测试及96h耐热实验考察,确定其长周期耐热性。结果表明:相同温度下改性共聚酯样品厚壁制品耐热性较好,相同厚度下温度高则变形程度大且制品易发生黄变。     

共聚酯的结晶性能研究

通过添加二元酸或二元醇来制备共聚酯,采用DSC对共聚酯的结晶性能展开研究,分析了二元酸或二元醇对共聚酯结晶性能的影响。     

聚酯磷酸酯改性聚硅氧烷的性能及机理研究

为改善弹性聚硅氧烷的黏结性能并探究聚酯磷酸酯附着力促进剂对弹性聚硅氧烷性能的影响。采用聚酯磷酸酯改性弹性聚硅氧烷,分别用万能试验机、热重差热综合分析仪测试了弹性聚硅氧烷改性前后的剪切强度、耐热性等性能,用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对聚酯磷酸酯及弹性聚硅氧烷进行了表征。结果表明：聚酯磷酸酯可以有效改善弹性聚硅氧烷的黏结性能,最佳添加量为3份。根据试验结果推测聚酯磷酸酯不仅可以通过机械铆合的方式改善弹性聚硅氧烷的黏结性,还可能通过与固化剂中Si—OH基团反应将弹性聚硅氧烷与金属表面连接起来以提升黏结性。     

PBS及其共聚酯生物降解性能的研究进展

综述了PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)、PBS基脂肪族共聚酯,PBS基芳香族共聚酯的结构和生物降解性能,并分别总结了它们的结构和生物降解性能之间的关系.PBS基脂肪族共聚酯分为线型PBS基脂肪族共聚酯和枝状PBS基脂肪族共聚酯,分别对它们进行了介绍.得出了PBS及其共聚酯的结构、分子量、聚酯形态、熔点、结晶度等与共聚酯的生物降解性之间的关系.     

PBS-co-DEG与热塑性淀粉共混膜的性能研究

采用流延法制备了不同二甘醇(DEG)含量的聚丁二酸丁二醇二甘醇共聚酯(PBS-co-DEG)与热塑性淀粉(TPS)共混的复合膜,通过核磁共振氢谱仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、凝胶渗透色谱仪、热重分析仪、紫外–可见分光光度计、偏光显微镜等对共聚酯的结构及复合膜的性能进行了表征和测试,采用N435脂肪酶对复合膜进行了降解实验。结果表明,随DEG含量的增加PBS-co-DEG/TPS复合膜的亲水性、光透过率和断裂伸长率均有所增加,热稳定性变化不明显;与PBS/TPS复合膜相比,PBS-co-DEG/TPS复合膜的酶降解速率显著提高。     

热塑性淀粉/生物降解共聚酯共混物流变性能的研究

研究了热塑性淀粉(TPS)以及TPS/生物降解共聚酯共混物的流变行为,讨论了增翅剂用量、共聚酯用量和熔体温度对流变行为的影响.研究表明,TPS和TPS/生物降解共聚酯共混物熔体呈明显的非牛顿特征;增塑剂的使用可以大幅度改善淀粉的塑化行为,通过调节增塑剂用量,可以在一定范围内控制TPS的流变行为.对于共聚酯和TPS的共混体系而言,在共聚酯用量较低时,流动过程中TPS分子链受到较强剪切力作用而发生断链,共混物熔体表观黏度降低.在共聚酯用量较高时,共混物熔体黏度则表现出对温度有较大的敏感性.TPS的黏流活化能较小,TPS/生物降解共聚酯共混物的黏流活化能随共聚酯用量的增加迅速增大,且随剪切速率的增加迅速降低.     

癸二酸改性PET共聚酯的合成与性能研究

采用癸二酸(SA)、对苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)进行熔融缩聚反应,合成了不同含量SA改性PET共聚酯,探讨了SA添加量对改性PET共聚酯的聚合过程及常规性能指标的影响,对其拉伸和弯曲性能进行了表征。结果表明:随SA用量的增加,所得改性PET共聚酯的特性黏度逐渐增大,且其端羧基(COOH)、玻璃化转变温度(T_g)、冷结晶峰温度(T_c)、熔融结晶峰温度(T_(mc))和熔点(T_m)等指标均呈下降趋势;拉伸强度变化不大,断裂伸长率逐渐变大;弯曲强度与弯曲模量在SA含量超过5%后呈下降趋势。     

含磷共聚酯的合成及性能研究

用添加含磷共聚单体法合成了三种新四的含磷共聚酯。对萃洗后的反应产物进行了红外测试，对合成的反应条件进行了初步研究，并对所得产物的性能进行了对比。结果表明，含磷共聚单体的引入使共聚酯的玻璃化转变温度和熔点较聚酯降低，而冷结晶温度和结晶速度的变化则随引入的改性组分的不同而异。共聚酯的阻燃性、抗静电性均得到改善，染色性能也有所改善，表明该类共聚酯有可能用于制备多功能涤纶。     

双变性淀粉磷酸酯的合成与性能研究

一、前言 淀粉磷酸酯作为造纸工业的湿部添加剂,可增加纤维间的结合力,增加纸张的耐折性和表面强度,增加细小纤维和填料的附着率,改善抄造时的滤水性等。酯化所用的试剂通常为亚磷酸盐、三聚磷酸盐、三偏磷酸盐和三氯氧磷等。考虑到三聚磷酸盐有三个酸酐键,活性较高,进行磷酸化反应时,消耗热能较低,可使反应顺利进     

SA/PTA/EG共聚酯纤维的性能研究

将丁二酸(SA)部分取代对苯二甲酸(PTA),与玉米基乙二醇(EG)共聚制得SA/PTA/EG共聚酯并对其进行纺丝,研究了共聚酯纤维的可纺性、力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:SA/PTA/EG共聚酯的纺丝温度较常规聚酯的纺丝温度约低25℃。随着SA含量的增加,共聚酯纤维的模量和声速取向度降低,沸水收缩率增加,但SA质量分数(相对于PTA)不宜大于20%。共聚酯纤维染色性能优异,染色温度约90℃,上染率可达90%以上,其耐摩擦牢度和耐洗色牢度均不低于4级。     

聚乳酸/聚丙烯/淀粉复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用模压成型制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/聚丙烯(PP)和PLA/PP/淀粉两种复合材料.主要研究了复合材料的热性能、力学性能和降解性能.结果表明:对于PLA/PP复合材料而言,复合材料的熔融温度先增加后降低,结晶度随PLA的含量增加而变大,而且出现了结晶双峰.力学性能相较与纯PLA,断裂伸长率明显提高,拉伸强度有所下降,最...     

1，4-环己烷二甲醇改性共聚酯的热性能研究

以1,4-环己烷二甲醇(CHDM)部分替代乙二醇(EG)与对苯二甲酸(PTA)共聚合成共聚酯(PETG)。采用DTA,DSC等手段研究了不同CHDM含量及其异构体比例对PETG热性能的影响。结果表明:CHDM的加入对PETG热稳定性影响不大,随CHDM含量的增加,PETG结晶性能降低,玻璃化转变温度逐渐降低。CHDM异构体中反式比例提高时,得到的PETG耐热性能好。     

PET-PBT共聚酯纤维的性能研究

对 PET-PBT共聚酯纤维的性能进行了研究。结果表明 ,PET-PBT纤维的 1次和 10次拉伸回复率均高于 PET纤维 ,经 5 % 1次拉伸后回复率达 10 0 % ,与 PBT相当。 PET-PBT纤维的 180°弯曲回弹性能高于 PET,PBT纤维 ,和 PA6纤维相当。PET-PBT纤维的染色性能远高于 PET纤维 ,且随 PBT含量的增加而增大 ,PBT组分含量达 2 5 %时 ,共聚酯纤维的上染率高达 91.5     

疏水改性淀粉/丁苯胶复合材料性能的研究

采用苄基氯对淀粉进行疏水改性,制备疏水淀粉/丁苯胶复合材料并对其性能进行研究。结果表明,随着疏水淀粉加入量的增加,硫化和焦烧时间总体呈缩短趋势,复合材料的邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度和拉断伸长率都呈现上升趋势,DIN磨耗量减小;耐热空气老化性能有所下降。     

Thermal cross-linking and anti-meltdrop properties of copolyester containing phosphorus/magnesium salt composites by in situ polymerization

Polyester is widely used in household products because of its good mechanical properties and wears resistance, but polyester is easy to ignite and inclined to produce droplet, so its application range is limited. The cross-linkable magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles were incorporated into flame-retardant polyester, which enables the phosphorus-containing copolyester with thermal cross-linking and anti-meltdrop properties. The nanoparticles were achieved by in situ polymerization and acted as a nucleating agent for improving the crystalline properties of the copolyester. Furthermore, the nanoparticles also enhanced anti-meltdrop properties and reduced the heat and gas release during the combustion process of the copolyester. The maximum heat release rate and total smoke release reduced by 39.8% and 74.4% compared with pure polyester. Specifically, the combustion products of the nanoparticles and phosphorus flame retardant could act a barrier role by covering the carbon layer to isolate air and heat, thereby resulting in excellent anti-meltdrop properties. The simple modification method reported here realizes the collaborative modification of flame retardant and anti-meltdrop properties of phosphorous flame-retardant copolyesters by thermal cross-linking.     

Structure–properties relationship of starch/waterborne polyurethane composites

The blend materials from waterborne polyurethane (WPU)/starch (ST) with different contents (10–90 wt %) were satisfactorily prepared by using the solution casting method. Their miscibility, structure, and properties were investigated by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), different scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and the tensile tests, respectively. The results indicated that tensile strength of composite materials not only depended on the starch content, but also related to the microstructure of WPU. The sample WPU2 (1.75 of NCO/OH molar ratio) exhibited hard‐segment order, but WPU1 (1.25 of NCO/OH molar ratio) had no hard‐segment order. The appropriate starch filled into WPU not only decreased the ordered region of soft‐segment matrix, but also hindered the formation of hard‐segment ordered structure. The blend material from 80 wt % WPU1 and 20 wt % starch exhibited better tensile strength (27 MPa), elongation at break (949%), and toughness than others. With an increase of starch content, the WPU matrix with dispersed starch in the blends transited to dual‐phase continuity and then to starch matrix with dispersed WPU. The results suggested that a certain extent of miscibility existed between WPU and starch in the blend materials on the whole composition ratio. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3325–3332, 2003     

Studies on the properties of Montmorillonite-reinforced thermoplastic starch composites

Montmorillonite (MMT), a kind of reinforced additive and glycerol-plasticized thermoplastic starch (GTPS) were used in the preparation of Montmorillonite-reinforced themorplastic starch composites (MTPSC) with the method of melt extrusion. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed that MMT were uniformly dispersed in GTPS. Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR) patterns showed that in the MTPSC the C-O groups of starch molecules shifted to the higher wavenumber, while the reactive hydroxyl groups of MMT shifted to the lower wavenumber. That was caused by the cooperation of the strong absorption that existed between MMT and starch molecules and hydrogen bonds that formed between the reactive hydroxyl groups of MMT and the hydroxyl groups of starch molecules. MMT was on the submicron filling transition state and acted as an obstructor. When MTPSC was stored for 14 days at RH (relative humidity)=39%, the tensile strength, Young's modulus and breaking energy of MTPSC were 27.34, 206.74 MPa and 1.723 N m, respectively. It was obvious that the mechanical properties of MTPSC were greatly improved. At the same time, the effect of water content on the mechanical properties was studied. X-ray diffraction revealed that MMT restrained the crystallization of GTPS effectively. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and water absorption testing showed that the thermal stability and water-resistant properties of MTPSC were better than those of GTPS.     

The influence of layered compounds on the properties of starch/layered compound composites

Glycerol‐plasticized starch films were modified by addition of various layered compounds as fillers, two being of natural origin (kaolinite, a neutral mineral clay, and hectorite, a cationic exchanger mineral clay) and two synthetic (layered double hydroxide, LDH, an anionic exchanger, and brucite, having a neutral structure). The effects of the filler type and the plasticizer were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetry. The storage modulus was higher for kaolinite > brucite > hectorite than for LDH starch composites. However, only the hectorite filler presented a shift of the interplanar basal distance to higher values, which represents the intercalation of glycerol molecules between the clay layers. The glycerol intercalation is minimized in plasticized–oxidized starch films where the oxidized starch chains are preferentially intercalated. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

偶联剂对淀粉/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能的影响

采用乳液共混法制备了淀粉/丁苯橡胶(SBR)以及间苯二酚甲醛树脂(RF)改性淀粉/SBR复合材料,考察了偶联剂对2种复合材料硫化特性、力学性能的影响,并用扫描电镜观察了其相态结构。结果表明,各种偶联剂都能在一定程度上提高淀粉/SBR复合材料的拉伸强度和撕裂强度,其中γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)和N-β(氨基乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-792)的增强效果最为显著;采用RF对淀粉进行改性,RF改性淀粉/SBR复合材料的力学性能较之淀粉/SBR复合材料的力学性能有了进一步提高。橡胶相与淀粉相界面结合的改善是RF改性淀粉/SBR复合材料力学性能提高的主要原因。