基于FPGA的远程光通讯数据采集系统设计

为了克服现场数据采集远程传输问题,提出了一种基于FPGA的远程光通讯数据采集系统,实现了远程传输现场采集数据.该系统采用了ADC+FPGA+光通讯模块的实现方案,在对系统总体设计进行阐述的基础上,描述了各个主要电路的设计方法.     

基于矢量传感器的无人驾驶车辆信号远程监测系统

传统无人驾驶车辆远程检测系统,由于信号传输距离的影响,在信号波传输过程中在电路耦合率衰减下出现监测信号清晰度降低,信号整体监测效果无法满足实际检测系统应用要求的问题;对此设计系统通过采用矢量传感器对系统变量、模量与定量数据进行矢量统一计算,提出基于矢量传感器的无人驾驶车辆信号远程监测系统;首先完成基于矢量传感器的系统总体框架设计;然后根据设计框架建立无人驾驶车辆监控信号交互硬件单元,通过不同矢量传感器构成监控信号数据矢量转换计算平台;最后通过对硬件平台的矢量化软件适配,完成硬件与软件监控信号统一,提升信号传输强度,增强信号清晰度,从而满足无人驾驶车辆信号远程监测要求,完成系统的设计;通过对比实验数据表明,设计的基于矢量传感器的无人驾驶车辆信号远程监测系统,能够在50～100 km范围内稳定监测车辆状态,车辆状态数据监测实时性与连续性明显优于传统检测系统.     

新一代地铁远程通信ATS系统设计与实现

从地铁车辆安全的角度出发,对地铁车辆远程信号的采集方式、处理方式、控制方式、存储方式等方面进行优化设计,设计并实现了更为先进的地铁远程信号采集处理及自动监控系统(ATS系统),根据地铁车辆专属信号特性对信号采集电路与前置放大电路进行了从新设计,增强了信号的稳定性,设计并改进了轨道50 Hz相敏信号的滤波电路,增强了信号的抗干扰能力,设计了光电隔离电路对采集信号进行隔离,一方面保证了单片机免受外部电源的干扰,另一方面也增强了信号的远距离传输能力,并设计了系统相关模块的接口电路,这些改进电路对于提高地铁车辆的安全可靠运行起到了积极的作用.     

基于FPGA的矿用环境采集传输系统设计

随着煤炭产业开采从浅层往深层推进,温度、压力和振动等环境条件都时刻需要检测,防止威胁矿下人员安全和财产安全的现象发生,因此一个实时性,稳定性良好的采集传输系统极为重要;针对这一问题,设计了一种基于FPGA多通道、数模混合的采集与实时发送系统;在系统总体设计的基础上,对系统的硬件电路和软件程序设计进行了相关介绍,通过对程序的仿真,验证了采集传输系统设计的可行性;经实物试验验证,采集传输系统可以正确有效地采集和传输5种传感器输出的信号,各信号精度都满足要求,具有一定的工程实用价值.     

基于V/F转换的多路信号远距离传输系统设计

为解决微弱电信号在远距离传输过程中易受干扰、易衰减的问题,并实现多路信号的同步传输,设计了一个低成本、高精度的多路信号远距离传输系统。该传输系统基于V/F和F/V转换原理,采用以LM331为转换电路的转换器,结合信号的调理和多路复用、解复技术,通过光纤实现多路信号的同步传输。此外,以计算机为上位机,在LabWindows/CVI平台下开发了一个温度采集系统。该系统可实时显示并保存采集到的温度数据,并通过图表动态地显示温度的变化曲线。为检测系统的抗干扰能力,在脉冲高压环境下分别对系统进行了标定试验和温度测量试验。试验结果表明,该传输系统能够稳定、快速、精准地传输信号;温度采集系统可实现对温度的实时采集、显示与保存。该系统在信号传输技术领域,尤其是在信号传输环境比较恶劣的情况下,具有一定的参考与实用价值。     

高温永置式井下数据采集系统设计

高温永置式井下数据采集系统是潜油电泵配套井下数据监测系统,能够实现对油井生产状态的实时监测,对采油系统的故障预测、提高潜油电泵运行效率、优化采油方案具有重要意义。为了使数据采集系统能够在井下高温环境中具备良好的可靠性,保证电子器件能够长期可靠运行,选用了高温电子元器件进行硬件电路设计,利用调理电路将采集信号调理为电路设计所需要的电压范围。为了实现井下多参数的检测,通过高温单片机程序控制模拟多路开关分时输出采样信号,并将信号通过电压电流转换电路转换成电流信号,利用三相电缆传输到地面,实现了地面对井下环境压力、环境温度、泵出口压力以及潜油电机绕组温度等参数的实时监测。通过对比分析井下、井上信号采集波形,井上采集的信号,得到井下采集数据的变化情况。模拟试验及现场应用表明,所设计系统能够满足潜油电泵实时监测相应数据的要求。     

用于纳米通道单分子检测的数据采集系统的设计与实现[BT)]

针对纳米通道单分子检测系统的信号特点和对数据采集的采样精度、采样速率及实时性等要求,设计并实现了基于FPGA和USB2.0接口的数据采集系统;该系统以FPGA作为控制核心,包括数据采集模块、电压输出模块和USB接口电路模块;通过USB2.0接口与计算机连接,实现数据的实时采样和参数的在线配置;此外本系统还采取了低噪声设计;经过相关试验表明,该系统引入的噪声在1 mV内,能够稳定进行数据采集,且采集信号与电压输出信号同步传输,证明该系统能够满足纳米通道单分子检测系统对数据采集的要求.     

基于铂热电阻的高温检测系统设计与优化

为了实现基于金属铂材料制作的热电阻温度传感器在高温测量环境下实现对温度数据的高精度测量,提出一种基于优化电路参数及阻温方程参数的温度检测系统设计方案。设计利用恒压源电路,获得稳定的理想电压,通过不平衡电桥差分放大电路和二阶有源滤波电路得到理想采集信号;设计优化了电路参数,校正了铂热电阻因高温产生的非线性。通过熔融沉积成型(FDM) 3D打印喷头实验平台,验证了设计方案的有效性,实现了在高温测量环境下对温度数据高精度测量的目的。     

一种便携式多体征参数监护系统的设计及实现

采用模块化设计的方法,设计并实现了一种便携式实用新型医疗健康监护系统。系统由人体生理参数采集电路、微控制电路和系统软件三部分组成,可对人体常见的体征参数进行采集、处理和显示。实验对比结果表明,监护系统能准确稳定地对人体体温、脉搏、呼吸、心电、血压、血氧等多个参数进行实时测量、保存和显示,并能通过蓝牙和Wi Fi进行无线传输。     

基于S3C2410的工频通信系统子站设计

应用以ARM9为核心的处理器S3C2410设计了一种用于三相工频电参数远程抄送和采集系统。实现三相电量和三相交流参数(电压、电流、功率因数)进行采集和远程抄收功能。系统硬件电路设计采用S3C2410的接口电路,实现了工频通信的基本功能,并将子站设计为接收单元与调制单元分离的结构,二者通过CAN总线作为数据传输通道,提高了子站的安装适应性。用以太网控制器RTL8019AS设计了网络接口电路,实现了子站与后台间的网络通信。通过移植实时嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-II对所有任务进行调度管理,同时在系统中使用了TCP/IP协议建立网络连接,并采用UDP协议实现了网络数据的传输。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.