线性调频信号脉压算法研究与仿真

由于羊载频脉冲信号的时宽带宽乘积接近于l,大的时宽和带宽不可兼得,在匹配滤波器理论下引入脉冲压缩的概念。线性调频信号和相位编码信号是2种典型的脉冲压缩信号,它具有大的时宽带宽积,满足距离分辨力和速度分辨力2项指标,在此首先介绍了LFM信号脉压分析,进而引出加权处理降低旁瓣。采用Matlab对LFM信号的加权脉压性能进行了详细分析,在给出仿真结果的同时,对结果进行了分析,可以看出进行加窗脉压可以有效地降低压缩输出中的旁瓣电平,提高主旁瓣比,取得了较好的效果。     

基于FPGA的直接数字波形合成宽带信号源的设计与实现

提出一种改进的波形存储直读法产生宽带雷达线性调频信号的设计方案.以单片高速FPGA取代以往设计中使用的DSP FPGA作为系统的控制核心,简化系统结构.外围接口通用化、模块化,可产生带宽200MHz以内、时宽800μs以内的任意LFM信号.应用预失真技术,产生的宽带信号线性调频相位失真小于±1度,线性调频脉冲顶部不平坦度小于0.5dB,采用Hamming加权后脉冲压缩峰值旁瓣比大于38dB.     

基于线性调频时宽的MIMO雷达正交波形设计

线性调频(LFM)信号是一种被广泛应用的大时宽带宽积信号,利用LFM信号的多样性可设计多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的正交波形。该文针对现有波形相关函数存在的问题,以理论分析为基础,提出一种基于LFM时宽的发射波形,并给出了一种相应的正交波形设计方法。该方法以峰值旁瓣电平为准则,利用序列二次规划对各子脉冲LFM信号的时宽进行优化设计。仿真结果表明,与现有方法相比,所设计波形具有较低的自相关旁瓣电平和互相关电平。此外,通过数值实验分析了相关性能随波形个数及子脉冲个数的变化关系。     

基于权重双核模型的宽带功放行为建模方法

针对宽带功放行为建模和畸变补偿问题,提出了一种新的权重双盒模型.该模型采用无记忆子模型和记忆子模型权重级联的方法分别对宽带功放的静态非线性和动态非线性进行级联建模.首先,利用无记忆子模型对输入信号幅值进行压缩,降低静态畸变部分模型的拟合误差,并在子模型输出端进行解权值,保证功放的饱和驱动特性;接着,构建权重记忆子模型,利用信号幅值相关的权值函数动态的调整高低功率动态畸变子模型的权重比例.实验结果表明,在不同信号驱动情况下,本文方法在降低计算复杂度的同时,保持了更好的建模精度和畸变补偿能力.     

WCDMA功放预失真发生器的研究

针对宽带码分多址(WCDMA)功放的非线性失真问题,提出了一种简单有效的解决方案,即通过预失真发生器对幅度-幅度(AM-AM)及幅度-相位(AM-PM)曲线进行调整,以补偿功放的非线性失真.这种方案主要是通过利用二极管的非线性特性设计出的预失真发生器来实现的.实验证明,将预失真发生器与WCDMA功放配合使用,能将功放的邻道功率泄漏比(ACPR)改善5 dB.     

基于时间功率混合分段模型的磁共振功放非线性建模

为了能够对磁共振功放的强分叉非线性进行精确建模,提出一种时间功率混合分段模型。时间功率混合分段模型是针对磁共振功放的激励为辛格脉冲信号时的精确非线性模型。所提出的模型基于辛格脉冲信号的特点进行时域和幅度域分段,从而能够对磁共振功放的分叉非线性进行精确建模。采用辛格脉冲信号作为测试信号,测试信号的占空比为5%,设计输出峰值为18 kW 的1.5 T 磁共振功放(工作频率63.89 MHz)作为测试功放进行模型的有效性验证。实测磁共振功放和模型的AM/AM 和AM/PM 曲线的比较结果表明,时间功率混合分段模型能够对磁共振功放的分叉非线性进行精确建模。同时,所提出模型的归一化均方误差(NMSE)比记忆多项式、广义记忆多项式模型和时分多项式模型分别提高10.7 dB, 10.3 dB 和14.7 dB。     

线性伸缩波形的雷达距离模糊特性及旁瓣抑制

该文提出了任意信号的时域线性伸缩表达式,给出了一类新的雷达波形,并对这类波形的压缩形式(匹配滤波输出)在时域进行旁瓣抑制数字滤波。仿真结果表明,这类波形的距离模糊函数的峰值旁瓣电平可达-18~-20 dB,而4dB主瓣宽度仅为相同参数的线性调频(LFM)压缩信号主瓣宽度的54%~70%;对这类波形的匹配滤波输出用该文改进的数字旁瓣抑制滤波器滤波后,其峰值旁瓣电平可低达-50dB,且主瓣宽度仅为单位采样符号长度。     

基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复数字预失真技术

传统宽带数字预失真(DPD)为了更好地矫正功率放大器(PA)非线性特性,通常要求反馈通道带宽达到发送信号带宽的5倍,相应地要求更高采样率的模数转换器(ADC),这将导致数字预失真系统面临着硬件成本和能耗问题。针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复(USR)数字预失真(Landweber-USR DPD)技术。这种以内外循环的方式进行处理,可将反馈通道带宽从理论要求的5倍降低至2倍,以良好的质量从欠采样的功放输出信号中恢复全频带的输出信号,使还原出的数据更接近真实的功放输出信号,以实现更好的预失真效果。实验选用基于单管氮化镓(GaN)器件的宽带F类功率放大器,在1.8 GHz工作频点下用5 MHz的长期演进(LTE)信号激励,反馈ADC速率分别设置为全采样速率(40 Msps)和欠采样速率(10 Msps)。实验结果充分证明了Landweber迭代算法恢复功放数据的可靠性以及Landweber-USR DPD技术的有效性,为宽带通信系统中数字预失真技术的工程实现提供了有效降低ADC采样率的思路和方法。     

基于网络综合法脉冲压缩信号的旁瓣抑制

脉冲压缩信号在雷达系统中有着广泛应用,而一直以来旁瓣抑制问题也备受关注。通常,时宽带宽积(BT)较大的线性调频信号可通过单一加窗实现较低旁瓣,但对于其它脉冲压缩信号效果甚微,文中提出的基于网络综合的旁瓣抑制的频域设计方法则适用于各种脉冲压缩信号。线性调频和二相编码混合信号兼备线性调频和相位编码信号的特点,因此文中以此信号为例进行了仿真,分析表明采用网络综合法进行旁瓣抑制,旁瓣效果理想且对多普勒频移不敏感。     

基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复数字预失真技术

传统宽带数字预失真(DPD)为了更好地矫正功率放大器(PA)非线性特性,通常要求反馈通道带宽达到发送信号带宽的5倍,相应地要求更高采样率的模数转换器(ADC),这将导致数字预失真系统面临着硬件成本和能耗问题.针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于Landweber迭代算法的欠采样恢复(USR)数字预失真(Landweber-USR DPD)技术.这种以内外循环的方式进行处理,可将反馈通道带宽从理论要求的5倍降低至2倍,以良好的质量从欠采样的功放输出信号中恢复全频带的输出信号,使还原出的数据更接近真实的功放输出信号,以实现更好的预失真效果.实验选用基于单管氮化镓(GaN)器件的宽带F类功率放大器,在1.8 GHz工作频点下用5 MHz的长期演进(LTE)信号激励,反馈ADC速率分别设置为全采样速率(40 Msps)和欠采样速率(10 Msps).实验结果充分证明了Landweber迭代算法恢复功放数据的可靠性以及Landweber-USR DPD技术的有效性,为宽带通信系统中数字预失真技术的工程实现提供了有效降低ADC采样率的思路和方法.     

An Accurate Digital Predistortion for Wideband Power Amplifiers Based on Directly Solving the Inverse Model Function

Digital predistortion (DPD) is one of the most effective techniques that can compensate for the distortions caused by the nonlinearities and memory effects of power amplifiers (PAs). In this paper, a new DPD solution which directly solves the inverse function of a PA model is presented for wideband transmitter applications. The major components of the general memory polynomial (GMP) model are selected to effectively characterize the PA’s nonlinearity and memory effects through model identification. In the direct learning algorithm that followed, the DPD function is obtained by constructing and then solving the reverse function of the identified PA model. Due to the high accuracy of the proposed modeling process and the direct learning algorithm, the DPD function is accurately derived, which could significantly compensate for the nonlinear distortions. Simulations and experiments are performed on wideband long-term evolution (LTE) signals to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DPD method. It is demonstrated that a 22-dB adjacent channel leakage ratio improvement is achieved for a 100-MHz LTE-advanced signal, which even outperforms the conventional GMP-based DPD method by about 3 dB.     

基于Dechirp处理的雷达宽带测量技术

介绍了基于Dechirp处理的地基雷达宽带测量技术,讨论了基于Dechirp处理的宽带线性调频信号处理原理和HRRP成像模型,阐明了由于宽带信号线性调频非线性、运动目标的多普勒调制以及宽带测量系统幅相误差等造成的距离像失真和补偿方法,并给出了仿真验证结果。     

宽带线性调频信号的性能检测方法

宽带线性调频频率源设计完成后,需要检测频率源的性能,解决检测过程中遇到的问题,提出一套工程上适用的宽带线性调频信号的性能检测方法。首先,根据相位残差曲线(测试信号与理想信号的相位差)的形状对匹配滤波器参数(主要是调频斜率)定性调整,能够快速得到最佳的脉冲压缩结果。然后从数学上证明这种方法的正确性。最后应用数字相位补偿的方法进一步提升宽带调频信号的脉冲压缩性能。实验证明,后期的数字补偿方法对非理想线性调频信号的压缩结果有较大的改善作用。文中测试数据来源于自行研制的频率源产生的1GHz宽带线性调频信号。     

数字阵列天线接收通道宽带信号校准与波束形成技术研究

 本文提出了一种简洁、实用的天线接收通道宽带信号校准方法.该方法采用零中频信号处理技术,通过理论分析将数字阵列天线接收通道宽带线性调频信号校准分为通道间的时间和相位校准,证明了接收通道间宽带线性调频信号相位校准可以转化为单频信号进行,给出了接收通道间宽带信号的幅度校准方法和时间校准允许的误差范围.在通道校准基础上,采用脉冲压缩技术合成了宽带天线方向图.实验结果表明,本文方法是有效、可行的.     

Methods of enhancing the compression of short LFM signals

New digital methods have been presented that provide for enhancing the compression of short LFM chirps under conditions of the matched filtration in the time domain. It was shown that by selecting parameters of a short LFM signal and the pulse response characteristic of the matched filter for the window used and utilizing nonlinear convolution operations, the ratio of the main lobe of output signal to the side lobes can be significantly enhanced with the simultaneous reduction of the main lobe width to one sample.     

Exploiting low complex digital predistortion to improve wideband nonlinear satellite downlinks

With the increasing demand for higher data rate, increasing throughput requires wider bandwidth. Due to the nonlinear effect of power amplifier, severe nonlinear distortion effects will appear onboard satellite. Digital predistortion (DPD) scheme is usually employed to compensate for the distortions and memory effects introduced by traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) and output multiplexing filter (OMUX). In conventional predistorter, the signal loss of band‐limited feedback signal output through OMUX is usually ignored. Actually, it will affect the linear effect of TWTA. In order to solve the problem as to improve wideband nonlinear satellite downlink, this paper introduces a novel spectral extrapolation method based on deep neural network to recover the band‐limited feedback signal. On this basis, an advanced orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm is adopted in the nonlinear TWTA model construction to further reduce the DPD complexity. The proposed setup effectively compensates the distortions and is well suited for systems that generate data bits on satellites.     

数字宽带LFM信号的数据率对脉冲压缩性能的影响

用数字方式合成超宽带LFM信号时,由于工作时钟和数据率的限制,信号的相位存在不连续性。本文从数据率对宽带数字LFM信号脉压波形的影响的分析和仿真入手,提出了对于大时带积（D〉4000）LFM信号,只要相位更新数据率等于或大于信号带宽,低频率更新数据率对其脉压性能不会造成严重影响,得出用低频率更新数据率器件同样可以产生脉压性能良好、信号带宽4倍或8倍于其频率更新数据率的超宽带LFM信号的结论,从而为用较低频率更新数据率的DDS器件产生带宽接近其相位更新数据率的宽带LFM信号提供了理论依据。     

基于CS的LFM信号脉冲压缩实现算法研究

针对传统的脉冲压缩方法存在着副瓣降低与主瓣展宽的矛盾问题,基于压缩感知理论提出了一种实现对LFM信号脉冲压缩的CS脉压算法。首先在分析传统脉冲压缩与压缩感知的关系的基础上,构建了适用于复数域重构的稀疏基,然后提出了采用构建的稀疏基结合平滑0-范数算法实现脉冲压缩的算法,最后证明了所提的算法脉压后信号不仅能重构出回波的幅度,且保留了信号的相位信息,最后对研究的算法从幅度、相位的重构精度以及重构误差等方面进行了仿真,仿真结果表明CS脉压算法能够在不降低距离分辨率的同时达到降低副瓣的目的,同时能保留回波信号的相位历程,具有较高的重构精度。     

Multi-Lookup Table FPGA Implementation of an Adaptive Digital Predistorter for Linearizing RF Power Amplifiers With Memory Effects

This paper presents a hardware implementation of a digital predistorter (DPD) for linearizing RF power amplifiers (PAs) for wideband applications. The proposed predistortion linearizer is based on a nonlinear auto-regressive moving average (NARMA) structure, which can be derived from the NARMA PA behavioral model and then mapped into a set of scalable lookup tables (LUTs). The linearizer takes advantage of its recursive nature to relax the LUT count needed to compensate memory effects in PAs. Experimental support is provided by the implementation of the proposed NARMA DPD in a field-programmable gate-array device to linearize a 170-W peak power PA, validating the recursive DPD NARMA structure for W-CDMA signals and flexible transmission bandwidth scenarios. To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first time that a recursive structure is experimentally validated for DPD purposes. In addition to the results on PA efficiency and linearity, this paper addresses many practical implementation issues related to the use of FPGA in DPD applications, giving an original insight on actual prototyping scenarios. Finally, this study discusses the possibility of further enhancing the overall efficiency by degrading the PA operation mode, provided that DPD may be unavoidable due to the impact of memory effects.     

Adaptive pre- and post-compensation of nonlinear distortions for high-level data Modulations

In this letter, we show how different signal processing techniques can be combined to optimize the performance of a typical wideband nonlinear satellite link with spectrally efficient high-level modulation techniques. In particular, we follow two concurrent approaches: on one side, we pursue signal optimization in the form of special amplitude and phase shift keying (APSK) constellations to reduce the effect of nonlinear distortions, while on the other, we analyze the feasibility of adaptive data predistortion (DP) at the transmitter and adaptive nonlinear equalization (NLE) at the receiver. We demonstrate that the use of such optimized constellations relieves the complexity of the nonlinearity compensation techniques, and we also show that by clever adoption of these techniques the sensitivity to nonlinear distortion of both uncoded and turbo coded quadrature amplitude modulation and APSK constellations is greatly reduced.