太阳电池超细栅电极喷印控制系统设计与实现

针对传统丝网印刷技术制造太阳电池金属化栅极容易造成基材破损,且制造的栅极精度和高宽比很难提高的问题,采用喷墨技术直接将纳米银墨水打印到太阳电池基材上实现栅极金属化,并设计实现了太阳电池栅极喷印样机系统．样机系统通过USB模块实现高速数据通信;两组动态随机存储器（SDRAM）内存模块构成乒乓操作,实现不间断打印;喷印控制模块采用现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）产生喷头复杂时序波形和压电驱动波形．基于流体体积法建立了微液滴喷射模型,研究了微滴喷射机制及压电驱动波形幅值对微液滴尺寸、速度一致性的影响,并进行实验验证．通过优化喷印分辨率和在线固化温度进行系统测试,结果表明,多晶硅硅片固化温度80 ℃条件下,随着喷印层数的增加,栅极高度线性增加,喷印一层大约增高0.5 μm,栅极宽度基本维持在35～40 μm,打印层数60～80层时,形成三维形貌均匀的具有高“高宽比”的栅极．     

电渗微泵的生理溶液渗透特性研究

介绍了一种电渗微泵的结构及其驱动原理,研究了其对不同生理溶液的渗透特性。模拟眼内房水引流装置,利用电渗微泵对三种生理溶液进行测试,通过改变电压,测试定量体积的溶液,记录时间得出相应流速,用Origin Proporable软件对数据拟合得出压电流速曲线,结果表明电压对液体流动速度的影响成正比。人眼可承受最大5 V电压,此时该测试微泵传输液体流量每分钟可达到十几微升,通过分析5 V以内微泵对溶液的渗透性能,结合正常眼内房水引流速度,确定合理的驱动电压设计值,这将对未来制作实际可用的房水引流装置和器件产生指导意义。     

双压电结构乐甫波激发效率和液体传感的仿真

乐甫波器件适于液体检测,但在工程上经常因为激发效率较低而影响应用。与“压电基底-非压电薄膜”的单压电结构乐甫波器件相比,双压电结构的特点是薄膜也选用压电材料,以期增大器件整体的压电效应。在建立理论模型的基础上,通过空气中和液体检测时双压电结构乐甫波与声表面波、单压电结构乐甫波的机电耦合系数仿真并对比,表明对于某些压电基底和薄膜,双压电结构具有更高的乐甫波激发效率。并且,以液体介电常数检测为例,仿真结果还表明了双压电结构乐甫波比单压电结构具有更高的灵敏度。     

微型硅基弯曲板波器件

介绍了基于ZnO压电薄膜的微型弯曲板波(FPW)器件的设计与制作。为减小薄膜的应力,器件采用LTO/ZnO/LTO/Si3N4多层复合板结构,并采用直流磁控溅射工艺制备ZnO压电薄膜,在压电复合板结构上沉积两对叉指电极,分别用于Lamb波的激发和接收。X射线衍射分析表明,沉积的ZnO薄膜C轴高度择优;扫描电子显微镜分析表明,制备的ZnO薄膜平整、致密,晶粒生长呈现明显的柱状结构;通过分析制备的高次谐波体声波谐振器(HBAR)器件性能来间接检验ZnO压电薄膜的电学性能,HBAR器件的品质因子较高,表明薄膜有较好的压电性能。利用安捷伦E5071C网络分析仪检测FPW器件的频率响应,结果表明反对称A0模式Lamb波的实测中心频率与理论计算的频率结果基本一致。     

基于薄膜体声波谐振器的柔性有机挥发性气体传感器

本文制造了一种基于薄膜压电体声波谐振器的柔性有机挥发性（VOCs）气体传感器。通过转移印刷的方法,柔性体声波谐振器的电极与压电层采用的无机材料薄膜被从硅衬底上转移到超薄的聚酰亚胺基底上。该柔性谐振器的品质因数达到了1920,且在2.5 mm的弯曲半径下仅有相对于基频十万分之一左右的频率偏移。谐振器表现出了对于环己烷与乙醇气体良好的频率响应特性,且通过在器件表面修饰聚异丁烯（PIB）薄膜作为气体吸附材料,使得器件对于环己烷的响应提升了10倍以上。该柔性VOC气体传感器具有尺寸小,质量轻,机械柔性好的优点,在可穿戴环境检测设备,健康监测设备,食品变质检测的电子标签等领域有着广泛的应用前景。     

基于EDA的旅游景区报警系统设计

介绍旅游景区的一种报警系统设计方案。其单元电路采用原理图设计和VHDL语言设计共同完成,利用EDA（电子设计自动化）工具软件编译仿真验证,并利用CPLD（复杂可编程逻辑器件）实现系统功能,该器件具有体积小、可靠性高、可升级和重复再利用等特点。     

内混式空气雾化喷嘴雾化性能的实验及模拟研究

费托合成装置气液分离器的分离性能研究中,雾滴粒径的准确测量和控制是关键。本文对内混式空气雾化喷嘴的喷雾性能进行了实验研究,考察了液滴索特尔直径D_(32)的轴向分布,以及气液比、液体流量与黏度对其的影响规律;同时结合CFD数值模拟,进一步研究了气液相对速度、雾化锥角及液体表面张力对液滴D_(32)的影响。结果表明:液滴D_(32)沿喷雾方向不断增大;液体雾化主要通过喷嘴内气流对液膜的剪切、冲击作用,因此增大气液比可增强雾化效果,但存在"饱和"现象;液量的增大不利于液膜破碎雾化;增大气液相对速度可显著提高雾化效果;同时,液体黏度和表面张力对雾化效果影响很大,黏度或表面张力越大,雾化显得更为困难。此外,液滴轴向速度沿喷雾方向先迅速下降随后缓慢降低。     

基于EWOD的锥形管状结构液体变焦透镜

提出了一种基于介质上电润湿(EWOD)的液体变焦透镜的新结构.它由一个依次覆盖有ITO透明导电薄膜及疏水介质膜的下极板、悬在其上的一个内外壁均覆盖有疏水层的玻璃锥管以及处于两者之间的导电液滴组成.通过改变ITO与液滴之间的电压大小,透镜的曲率及位置能同时被调节,从而实现对透镜焦距的调节.实验结果表明,该器件在0～50 V电压下可实现对2 cm至无穷远处物体的聚焦.     

薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)谐振特性的模拟分析*

主要利用Mason等效电路模型对加入介质声损耗的薄膜体声波谐振器输入阻抗公式进行了推导,并利用该结果对薄膜体声波谐振器的谐振特性进行了模拟分析,分别就不同压电层材料和厚度以及不同电极材料和厚度对薄膜体声波谐振器谐振特性的影响进行了详细分析.结果表明,薄膜体声波谐振器谐振频率主要由压电材料和厚度决定但电极的影响也是很大的.在制作高频FBAR器件(5GHz以上)时,采用氮化铝作压电材料比用氧化锌作压电材料更合适.     

基于虚拟仪器技术压电器件阻抗测试分析系统

基于虚拟仪器技术设计并实现了一种新型压电器件阻抗测试分析系统;该系统以工业PC机作为控制单元,采用GPIB通信接口与Agilent4294A高精度阻抗分析仪进行通信,在Labwindows/CVI开发环境下开发了测试分析软件,实现了测试数据和图形的同步显示、Excel数据报告生成、测试曲线保存和打印等功能,可完成对薄片、柱形和环形等多种压电器件的阻抗参数以及换能器带宽、机声效率、机电效率和电声效率的计算;实际应用表明该系统测量结果精度高、所生成的测试报告图文清晰,且操作简便快捷,提高了工作效率,具有很好的应用和推广价值。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。