某铅锌矿磨矿分级循环系统降比提效试验研究

针对国内某铅锌选矿厂磨矿分级循环系统的循环负荷高、水力旋流器分级效率和球磨机磨矿效率低等问题,对现场磨矿分级系统进行流程考察和问题诊断,对试验样进行了岩矿性质测定和工艺矿物学研究,基于矿石碎磨特性开展了球磨机磨矿介质尺寸和级配的理论计算、实验室磨矿对比试验、工业应用试验。球磨机介质级配优化后,磨矿分级系统中-0.074mm粒级的返砂比由试验前的467.19%降至224.66%,分级量效率由试验前的52.26%提高至68.34%,分级质效率由试验前的46.72%提高至57.21%,磨机-200目利用系数由0.24t/(m3·h)提高至0.40t/(m3·h),磨机磨碎+0.15mm粗粒级效率由21.95%提高至38.09%,实现了磨矿分级系统中球磨机和分级机效率双提升。     

基于高压辊磨碎矿的某钼选厂磨矿—分级流程改造

某钼选矿厂应用高压辊磨机进行碎矿后,碎矿产品粒度由-12 mm降低至-5 mm,-0. 074 mm粒级含量20. 0%,直接进入球磨机会造成过磨现象,降低磨机利用率。为解决该问题,分别采用直接造浆—磨矿流程和湿式预先筛分—磨矿—分级流程对一段磨矿—分级流程进行改造。结果表明,湿式预先筛分—磨矿—分级流程能减小分级溢流-0. 037 mm难选粒级含量,增加0. 037～0. 074 mm易选粒级含量,提高流程处理量,有效减少过磨,因此推荐使用该流程作为该选矿厂的磨矿—分级流程。     

OELEM型高效旋流器在板石铁矿选矿厂的应用实践

正通钢矿业公司板石铁矿选矿厂生产铁精粉130万t/a,磨选流程为二段磨矿、三段分级、三次磁选的湿式磁选流程,精矿-0.074 mm粒级含量占80%以上,精矿全铁品位稳定在66.30%。因选矿工艺不断创新,需对磨选工艺流程进行改进。二段分级设备为国产FX350型旋流器,其分级效率低,沉砂中-0.074 mm粒级含量较高,造成二段球磨机内部循环负荷过大,磨矿效率低,导致精矿粒度偏粗。为达到工艺创效的目的,亟待对FX350型旋流器进行改造。     

乌奴格吐山铜钼矿SABC碎磨流程能耗分布规律的研究

针对乌奴格吐山SABC碎磨流程的特点及运行情况,统计分析了SABC碎磨流程中各主要设备的能耗数据.分析结果表明,在相同处理能力条件下,无顽石返回时,半自磨机的功率大于有顽石返回时的能耗,但球磨机功率基本不变;在处理能力720-750t/h条件下,无顽石返回时,半自磨机和球磨机的平均能耗分布比例为39.24％、53.11％,有顽石返回时,半自磨机、球磨机、破碎机的平均能耗分布比例为36.76％、53.01％、2.54％,而半自磨机与破碎机的平均能耗比例之和为39.30％,与无顽石返回时半自磨机的平均能耗分布比例基本相同;半自磨机和球磨机的运行不合理.     

球磨-细筛回路循环负荷对某钨矿石磨矿产品粒度分布的影响

通过控制磨矿时间改变返砂量,研究了实验室球磨-细筛回路循环负荷对某钨矿石磨矿产品粒度分布的影响。结果表明,循环负荷由100%提高至500%,磨矿时间由5.12 min减少至1.57 min,磨机生产能力由49.21 g/min提高至53.06 g/min。粒度分析结果表明,磨矿回路产品中过粉碎级别-0.01 mm粒级含量由18.62%降低至14.24%,可选级别-0.106+0.01 mm粒级产率由81.38%提高至85.76%,且变化幅度均随循环负荷提高而变缓。提高循环负荷降低了磨机总给矿粒度,减少了矿石在磨机内的停留时间,减轻了过粉碎,有效提高了钨矿石的磨矿效率。     

长径比对单段半自磨流程产品粒度的影响分析

通过采用SMCC选型技术与JKSimMet软件相结合的方法,分析研究长径比对国外某铜钴矿单段半自磨流程产品粒度的影响。结果表明,采用单段半自磨流程处理国处某铜矿钴矿石时,长径比为1的半自磨机直接排矿粒度P80最细,设备总质量及磨矿循环负荷最小,降低了该项目半自磨机的设备投资以及运行成本。     

刚果(金)某大型铜钴矿磨矿工艺优化研究

刚果(金)某大型铜钴矿项目碎磨系统设计为SAB流程,自投产以来出现系统处理量波动大、球磨机运行负荷率过低、旋流器及球磨机循环负荷重、钢球单耗偏高等问题.为此对磨矿工艺进行了详细的流程考察,利用JKSimMet仿真软件分析流程考察数据认为,矿石硬度波动大、半自磨出料圆筒筛堵塞、球磨机循环负荷大是主要原因,进而有针对性地提...     

半自磨SABC系统的稳定运行探讨

德兴铜矿为使半自磨SABC系统稳定运行,通过对半自磨SABC流程的特点及优势进行分析和研究,在无法改变给矿条件的情况下,通过对半自磨SABC系统进行技术改造,加强生产操作调整及提升自动化控制水平,均衡半自磨机和球磨机负荷,减小给矿条件对半自磨SABC系统的影响,使半自磨SABC系统能够稳定运行,改善了半自磨SABC系统最终磨矿产品的细度,实现了半自磨SABC系统的达标。     

半自磨流程的发展及应用

从20世纪70年代至今半自磨流程呈多样化,从最初单段半自磨流程发展到半自磨+球磨（SAB）流程再到半自磨+球磨+顽石破碎（SABC）流程。半自磨流程比传统的碎磨流程能耗低、占地面积小和流程简单等优点,并使半自磨机效率提高,增加半自磨机的处理量。本文通过总结近年来半自磨技术在国内外的应用,对今后的半自磨工艺发展方向提出了几点建议。     

司家营研山铁矿高压辊磨流程的优化

司家营研山铁矿破碎系统引入高压辊磨工艺后,存在高压辊磨机排料粒度粗、处理量低等问题。为改善工艺指标,对其进行了增设检查筛与高压辊组成闭路的流程改造。改造后高压辊磨机排料-12 mm粒级含量由63.55%提高到98.96%,-8 mm粒级含量达80.02%,处理量由700~800 t/h提高到1 000 t/h,完善了高压辊磨工艺流程,提高了矿石入磨粒度的稳定性。     

云锡老尾矿的工艺矿物学与再利用的研究

通过对云锡老尾矿的工艺矿物学研究查明了老尾矿的矿物组成及有关矿物工艺特性,为制定选锡的原则工艺流程及增加分级再磨作业提供了理论基础。在老尾矿半工业试验中,产品的显微镜检查结果为选矿设备参数的合理调整、解决微细粒锡石的回收问题提供了依据     

On the optimization of heap leaching

Although heap leaching has become established as the technology for treatment of some copper, gold, and zinc minerals, as well as its extension to the treatment of other types of minerals such as saltpeter and mine tailings, little study has been made on the optimization of this technology. Usually the operation of heap leaching is carried out until the maximum recovery has been obtained, or until observing that the concentration in the output solution of the heap exhibits no further extraction. The present study makes an analysis to determine if these criteria present the best conditions from the economic standpoint. Two variables are examined including, (1) leaching time, and (2) height of the heap, at a copper mineral treatment plant. The results of the study showed that the design (height of the heap), and planning of the operation (operational time) were interactive factors, and that maximum recovery was not necessarily the best measure of operational efficiency based on economic considerations.     

Approximate recovery values for each stage are sufficient to select the concentration circuit structures

The optimal design of flotation circuits is a complex task because the mathematical model is non convex and it includes binary variables, making it difficult to obtain the global optimum solution. Furthermore, the modeling of the recovery of each concentration stage is complex, requires experimentation, and depends on many variables, including the selected circuit and mineral feed (which is heterogeneous and changes over time). These difficulties indicate that there are uncertainties in the actual values of the recovery of each stage and the information required to create the circuit design. This paper demonstrates that, for a specific mineral, few structures exist that are optimal for a wide range of values of concentration stage recoveries. This knowledge can be useful in circuit design, e.g., after selecting the circuit (or the most promising circuits), the equipment design parameters and operating conditions can be defined based on simulation and laboratory tests.     

Real-time algorithm for cone crusher control with two variables

Cone crushers are used in the mineral, mining, and aggregate industry for fragmentation of rock materials, minerals and ores. Systems used for controlling the Closed Side Setting (CSS) on cone crushers, and thereby the size reduction, are widely used to compensate for wear of the manganese crushing liners and to protect the machines from overloads. With a frequency converter also the eccentric speed in a cone crusher can be adjusted in real-time in addition to the CSS. The eccentric speed affects the dynamic interaction between the rock material and the crusher liners. Especially the number of compressions the material is exposed to is affected and also the local compression of the rock material is affected, thus the particle-size distribution of the product. Eccentric speed also affects crusher capacity. Real-time feedback data on the sellable product streams can be obtained by applying mass-flow sensors to the process. The adjustment of these two online parameters in real-time can result in an increased potential for production yield; however, a nontrivial optimization problem with a large solution space also arises. As the feed material also varies, the optimal setting for the parameters varies in time.Herein, we report the development of a monitoring and control system including a two variable online algorithm for the selection of the setpoint for eccentric speed with respect to the current CSS. The different product yields from the crushing plant were monitored by mass-flow meters and continuously evaluated by a fitness function. A model for the outcome of the crushing stage, with the two parameters eccentric speed and CSS, was fitted mathematically to the measurement data. However, since the process varies continuously, due to the wear of crushers and screens and feed material variations, the performance landscape is also continuously varying. Therefore, an Evolutionary Operation (EVOP) approach was adopted, wherein the variations are instead used to continuously find an operating point closest to the optimal.The developed algorithm was tested and evolved at a crushing plant for aggregates that produces around 400,000 tonnes aggregates per year. The algorithm was implemented in a computer that communicated with the frequency converter and retrieved data from ten mass-flow meters in the process. The operator was able to interact and supervise the system through a Human Machine Interface (HMI). The result is an algorithm that can determine the position and direction of a dynamic speed control to continuously improve the process-operation point. The magnitude of the improvement potential compared to a fixed speed operation is from 5% to 20%.     

VisioRock, an integrated vision technology for advanced control of comminution circuits

Over the last few years, a number of vision or optical systems became commercially available to determine particle size distributions of ore or other material on a conveyor belt, or in some cases at the discharge of a truck or even in a pile in some cases. Most such systems were designed as standalone measurement devices, which generate information for the operators or for an independent control system.The VisioRock system is innovative both from the hardware and software point of view. It is based on the USB technology—although it can use either analog or industrial USB cameras—and the software is integrated within the vision module of the OCS©advanced control software. It is possible to install VisioRock cameras at many different locations in a comminution circuit, which interact with the control system and help to increase plant performance.The paper describes the VisioRock technology and some of the possibilities which result from its integration with OCS©. For instance, in addition to measuring the particle size distribution of solids, VisioRock can determine texture and color separately for each size class, discriminate between ore types and size distribution for different type of particles, and ability to seamlessly combine image analysis algorithms with other artificial intelligence tools such as expert systems, fuzzy logic, neural networks or phenomenological process models.     

内蒙古某多金属矿流程考查及工艺优化研究

针对内蒙古某多金属矿生产中存在的铜锌精矿互含较高、铜铅分离效果差等问题,开展了详细的流程考查,查明了影响选矿指标的主要原因为铜矿物与其它矿物紧密共生、解离差,针对流程中存在的问题,提出了流程改造方案,经技术改造后的生产指标显著提高,铜精矿铜品位由20.55%提高到24.84%,回收率提高了5个百分点,铅精矿铅品位由32.58%提高到64.36%,回收率提高了16个百分点,提高了金、银在铅精矿和铜精矿中的富集。     

某难选煤系硫铁矿工艺矿物学研究

某地区煤系地层中普遍产出硫铁矿,但非常难选。为此,以当地某矿山的硫铁矿样品为代表进行了工艺矿物学研究。研究结果表明,该类矿石难选的根本原因在于：黄铁矿嵌布粒度微细并且与脉石矿物的共生关系密切而复杂,欲使黄铁矿单体解离度达到80%以上,需将矿石磨至10 μm以下。     

乳化炸药连续生产工艺

介绍了乳化炸药连续生产工艺流程，重点叙述了水相原料、油相、发泡剂溶液的制备，并简介了连续乳化器的结构形式及混合器的作用，指出了连续式生产比间断式生产具有耗能少、效率高、成本低等优点。     

工艺矿物学在选矿中的地位与作用

本文简要介绍了工艺矿物学这一分支学科的形成、研究任务和内容以及近期的发展,并结合实例讨论本学科在选矿实践中的作用,进一步阐述其发展方向。     

某矿业公司三选厂铜系列浮选工艺流程优化改造

玉溪大红山矿业有限公司三选厂铜系列主要产品为铜精矿和铁精矿，自2012年2月份投产以来，生产运行平稳。随着入选铜原矿品位下降，铜精矿生产成本有所提高。为积极响应公司在不影响铜指标前提下降低生产成本，对铜系列浮选流程进行优化改造。