单体比例对苯丙乳液表面施胶剂性能的影响

以苯乙烯(St)为硬单体,丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为软单体,丙烯酸(AA,用量为单体总质量的5%)为功能性交联单体,合成了苯乙烯丙烯酸酯(SAE)聚合乳液,并将SAE聚合乳液与氧化淀粉复配(SAE聚合乳液的添加量为氧化淀粉绝干质量的5%)对纸张(牛皮箱纸板,定量130 g/m2)进行表面施胶。探讨了单体比例(m(St)∶m(BA))对SAE聚合乳液玻璃化转变温度及稳定性的影响。结果表明,SAE聚合乳液的玻璃化转变温度随硬单体用量的增加呈线性上升,并且与采用L.Mandelkern方程计算的结果具有较好的一致性;SAE聚合物分子质量和乳液表观黏度随硬单体用量的增加均逐渐降低,乳液稳定性略有下降。与只用氧化淀粉施胶后的纸张相比,在相同涂布量下,经SAE表面施胶剂施胶后的纸张的Cobb值低,印刷表面强度和耐破度均有不同程度提高;当m(St)/m(BA)=80∶20时,经SAE表面施胶剂施胶后纸张的Cobb值降低了51.8%,印刷表面强度和耐破度分别提高了58.0%和5.2%。     

淀粉氧化程度与其表面施胶作用的关系

本文通过分析不同工艺条件下制备的氧化淀粉羧基含量、淀粉颗粒表面形态的变化，研究了不同氧化程度的氧化淀粉作为表面施胶剂对纸张性能的影响。结果表明，在本实验条件下，随着氧化剂（H2O2）、催化剂用量的增加，淀粉氧化程度提高；随着水用量的增加，淀粉氧化程度下降。作为纸张表面施胶剂，不同氧化程度的氧化淀粉对纸张性能的影响有明显的差别，其中，羧基含量为0．62％的2#及羧基含量为0．72％的6#氧化淀粉的作用效果最好。     

未涂布不含磨木浆纸表面强度与机械强度的关系

衡量未涂布不含磨木浆纸质量的主要指标是表面强度和纸张其他机械强度。在中试纸机上通过添加表面施胶剂或剥离剂、改变填料的种类（GCC或PCC）及用量、改变压光条件等,可生产出不同质量的未涂布不含磨木浆纸,评价了这些纸张表面强度和其他机械强度的关系。结果表明,添加剥离剂或施胶剂对纸张的表面强度和抗张强度有相同的影响;增加填料用量或用PCC代替GCC可降低表面强度、抗张强度及内结合强度;对于添加GCC和PCC的纸张,提高压光压力会降低表面强度,但抗张强度和内结合强度未受影响;增加压光负荷对PCC用量为25%的纸张的表面强度的影响比GCC用量为25%的纸张影响更大;压光对高加填PCC纸张的表面强度的影响尤为明显。     

淀粉-硬脂酸复合物改性PCC的制备及其应用

针对造纸常用填料沉淀碳酸钙(PCC)加填量较大时纸张强度严重下降的问题,利用淀粉-硬脂酸复合物同时添加交联剂六偏磷酸钠的方法对PCC进行表面改性,研究改性PCC制备工艺及改性PCC和未改性PCC对纸张物理性能的影响.结果表明,当淀粉用量为PCC质繁的25%,淀粉质量分数为3.0%.硬脂酸用量为PCC质量的4.0%,交联剂用量为PCC质量的1.0%时,制得的改性PCC性能较好.相同灰分含最下,与加填未改性PCC纸张相比,加填改性PCC纸张的抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数和白度性能更佳.     

苯乙烯马来酸单辛酯共聚物乳液表面施胶剂的合成与应用

以苯乙烯、马来酸酐和马来酸单辛酯为原料,以过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,在甲苯中进行共聚,经过沉淀分离、用氨中和后制备出苯乙烯-马来酸单辛酯-马来酸酐共聚物乳液表面施胶剂.采用GPC得到了苯乙烯-马来酸单辛酯-马来酸酐共聚物的分子质量,利用SEM观察了施胶纸张的表面情况,苯乙烯-马来酸单辛酯-马来酸酐共聚物对纸张进行表面施胶时,能提高纸张的施胶度和表面强度,施胶剂(玉米氧化淀粉与共聚物乳液的质量比为401)用量为1.-g/m2时,施胶度为9 s,抗张强度提高6.8%,耐破度提高10.1%,印刷表面强度为2.87 m/s,油墨吸收性为42%,应用实验表明该共聚物是一种高效的纸张表面施胶剂.     

N-琥珀酰化壳聚糖钠的制备及其在卷烟纸表面施胶中的应用

以丁二酸酐为酰化剂,制备了N-琥珀酰化壳聚糖,并研究了将其钠盐(N-琥珀酰化壳聚糖钠)溶液与淀粉复配作为卷烟纸表面施胶剂对卷烟纸表面强度和抗菌性的影响。研究表明,当N-琥珀酰化壳聚糖钠/淀粉表面施胶剂用量为0.6%时,纸张抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数和耐折度分别提高26.1%、79.0%、48.6%和18.8%;N-琥珀酰化壳聚糖钠与淀粉的质量比介于5∶2～1∶3时,抑菌效率可达93.3%～98.1%。     

酶改性淀粉的添加对纸张物理强度影响的研究

通过添加原淀粉酶转化剂,对玉米原淀粉进行生物改性,测定了改性后玉米淀粉的黏度,探讨了添加该改性淀粉对纸张物理强度的影响,并将其与氧化淀粉的性能作了比较。实验结果表明,淀粉酶制剂能有效地降低原淀粉糊化后的黏度,当原淀粉酶转化剂添加量由0增加至1.0‰时,原淀粉糊化后黏度由11000mPa.s降低至135mPa.s;对于淀粉酶制剂用量为0.5‰,酶改性淀粉用量为2%所抄造的定量为80g/m2纸张,其抗张强度和撕裂度比原样均提高了30%左右,且效果与氧化淀粉作用相当;酶改性淀粉工艺简单易行、使用方便,可降低生产成本,具有较好的实用性和高效性。     

阳离子淀粉作为表面施胶剂的研究

本文的研究目的是为了满足市场对增加纸张内部和表面强度,改善印刷性能和提高纸张强度的需求,采用将木薯淀粉阳离子化原纸进行表面施胶,然后测定纸张性能,探讨阳离子淀粉作为表面施胶剂的最佳应用条件。本文探讨了阳离子淀粉用作纸张表面施胶剂的作用机理,初步研究了制备阳离子淀粉的最优化条件,不同取代度的阳离子淀粉作为表面施胶剂的应用效果。通过对纸张性能（抗张强度、环压强度、吸水性）的测定,找出阳离子淀粉应用的优点。实验结果表明制备阳离子淀粉的最优化条件为木薯淀粉用量为50g,阳离子醚化剂用量为3.008g,n（NaOH）：n（CTA）=1.2：1,反应时间为2h,反应温度为40℃;阳离子淀粉作为表面施胶剂的最佳取代度和固含量分别为0.056和40%。     

采用改性淀粉表面施胶剂 改善瓦楞原纸强度性能

通过对瓦楞原纸的施胶试验,分别研究了甲醛轻度交联-氧化变性淀粉、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺改性淀粉表面施胶剂在不同的工艺参数下对瓦楞原纸环压指数和抗张指数的影响,确定了改善瓦楞原纸强度性质的改性淀粉表面施胶剂的最佳工艺条件:甲醛轻度交联-氧化双重变性的淀粉改性表面施胶剂,当甲醛用量为淀粉用量的4.0%,过硫酸铵用量为1.0%,pH值8.0时,与不添加甲醛的空白样比较,环压指数提高23.76%,抗张指数提高25.79%,显著增强了瓦楞原纸的强度;综合考虑强度指标和生产成本,较佳的复配阳离子聚丙烯酰胺用量为1.5%～2.0%,氧化淀粉用量为5.0%～6.0%。     

可聚合表面活性剂制备阳离子表面施胶剂的研究

选用可聚合阳离子表面活性剂DMMB作为乳化剂,采用半连续乳液聚合工艺合成阳离子表面施胶剂,与氧化淀粉配比制成施胶液进行表面施胶试验,并对施胶后纸页Cobb值、表面强度性能进行了测试。实验结果表明合成阳离子表面施胶剂的最佳反应条件为：苯乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯单体比例为110∶90;阳离子可聚合表面活性剂DMMB的添加量为3%;阳离子改性剂添加量为5%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press