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焊接工艺评定是控制船舶焊接结构质量不可缺少的重要环节.本系统引入知识管理和专家推理,建立了基于网络环境的焊接工艺评定专家管理系统,实现了船舶焊接工艺评定过程中的数据和流程的全过程管理,对提升船舶焊接工艺评定的技术水平和推动企业的信息化建设都有着十分重要的意义.本文基于船舶焊接工艺评定专家管理系统的开发,论述了系统的总体... 相似文献
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在碳达峰、碳中和的战略目标下,整合多种异质能源、降低碳排放成为综合能源系统发展的重要议题。储能系统作为综合能源系统的重要组成部分,其系统的优化配置需要考虑碳排放因素的各种影响。该文针对综合能源系统降低碳排放的需求,研究碳排放下储能的优化配置问题,构建电/热混合储能的双层优化模型。首先建立综合能源系统的内层优化运行模型,考虑冷、热、电的能量平衡和蓄电、蓄热设备等运行的约束条件;其次构建综合能源系统电/热混合储能的外层优化配置模型,在分析投资成本、维护成本、运行成本等经济性目标的基础上,将碳排放目标加入优化目标函数中,以分析碳排放因素对综合能源系统储能优化配置的影响;最后,研究以实际数据为算例,对该文提出的模型方法进行仿真分析。结果表明:通过合理配置储电、储热设备可提高综合能源系统运行的经济性,也可减少因供能不足造成的缺电、缺热问题,用户在电储能系统营利时,会一定程度提高系统的碳排放。研究提出优化配置混合储能设施以降低综合能源系统碳排放的建议。 相似文献
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一、引言 目前,各国家城市能源计量中心搭建起能源计量数据公共平台,通过对用能单位能源数据的采集和统计,为政府实施节能管理提供权威准确的能源计量数据,向社会提供能源计量量值传递和溯源、能源审计、节能监测、节能评估、节能量审核、能耗限额对标、能平衡测试、能效检测、节能规划、碳排放计量等全面的节能技术服务.这本是一件利国利民的好事,但在能源数据的采集过程中,往往会遇到用能单位不配合,甚至抵触的现象.究其原因和我们现有采集系统中数据安全环节建立不完善有很大关系.所以,在能源数据采集系统的设计中,数据安全问题必须引起足够的重视,以利于城市能源计量中心建设的健康发展. 相似文献
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采用不同的焊接工艺参数对6082 T6铝合金进行自动焊焊接,并对合格的焊接接头进行了理化检验.在此基础上分析了焊接过程中存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的解决措施,获得了满足生产需要的焊接工艺参数. 相似文献
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由于焊接工艺制定过程的复杂性、多因素性和焊接工艺文件、资料需要组织保存大量信息,所以人们大量引入数据库技术来对焊接信息进行管理。根据焊接工艺计算机管理化的需求,本文根据焊接工艺规程规定和二氧化碳气体保护焊的焊接工艺设计进行分析的基础上,制定出了二氧化碳气体保护焊的焊接工艺流程。结合二氧化碳气体保护焊的焊接工艺流程,提出了数据库系统设计思想,确定了系统的总体框架及各功能模块的功能。利用ACCESS数据库建立了母材、焊材成分及力学性能、接头形式图形库、坡口图形库、焊接工艺参数库等焊接资料数据库。选择了可视化的编程工具提供了维护、查询、浏览等计算机管理功能,实现了焊接工艺文件的计算机管理。 相似文献
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对2A12-T3和2A11-O铝合金进行了超声波焊接,研究了不同超声波焊接工艺参数对焊接界面结合状况的影响.采用扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射和透射电镜研究了焊接界面的组织结构.结果表明,当超声波焊接振幅为30μm,焊接时间为0.2s,焊接界面结合状况较好,焊接界面的线性焊接密度接近100%.氩气保护也会对线性焊接密度产生影响.当焊接振幅为15μm时,氩气保护可提高线性焊接密度;但当焊接振幅为30μm,氩气保护对线性焊接密度无明显影响.超声波焊接过程中,焊接界面上产生波纹和漩涡状塑性流动,发生动态回复和连续动态再结晶,形成由位错缠结、位错胞、亚晶和细小晶粒组成的焊接界面组织. 相似文献
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Collison welding is a promising material‐closed joining process that enables bonds with various advantages. It is already used as explosion welding to produce clad materials that cannot be joined otherwise. Other collision welding processes as electromagnetic pulse welding do not contain that amount of energy, but they can be used in mass production. In order to achieve a high process and product reliability, the process has to be designed accurately. But the process boundaries are not yet completely understood. In this paper, process windows for aluminium and copper joints, produced by a model test rig, are compared. Additionally, high speed observation and micro sections are used to enhance the knowledge about process boundaries and the influence of the jet. 相似文献
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主要梳理和综述了超级双相不锈钢2507焊接方面的研究工作,从而对超级双相不锈钢2507焊接工艺进行指导。从超级双相不锈钢2507焊接工艺、焊接接头两相比例调节两个维度进行综述,其中,超级双相不锈钢2507焊接工艺部分从钨极氩弧焊、埋弧焊、等离子弧焊、激光焊、电子束焊、激光-电弧复合焊这6种焊接工艺开展评述,焊接接头两相比例调节部分从调整焊接热输入、焊后热处理、添加合金元素镍或氮3个方面进行评述。结合国内外研究现状,探讨了超级双相不锈钢焊接如何控制接头两相比例这一关键问题。研究现状表明:钨极氩弧焊、等离子弧焊和激光焊可以较好地实现超级双相不锈钢优质焊接;添加合金元素镍或氮是调控焊接接头两相比例的重要手段。开展超级双相不锈钢2507焊接工艺研究现状的综述具有重要意义,向熔池过渡合金元素的高能量密度焊接工艺可能是超级双相不锈钢焊接的优选技术。 相似文献
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Titanium and its alloys have been applied in many industrial fields because of their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and high thermal stability. Whereas, there is limited valuable references for recommendations of welding parameter selection and specific standards of the small scale resistance spot welding (SSRSW) of titanium alloy though it has been applied in many industrial production fields. Seventeen tests were designed according to the three-level three-factor Box–Behnken experimental design and the mathematical model correlating the process parameters and the failure energy was established on the basis of response surface methodology (RSM) technique. And then this model was used to analyze the effects/interactions of the welding parameters on the failure energy. The verification test results which were conducted with completely new welding parameters verified that the model presented in this paper was effective and robust. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to explore the impact of each process parameter on the quality of welding joint. The optimal combination of process parameters for maximum failure energy of the welded joint was obtained using the model based on artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA). 相似文献
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《工程(英文)》2018,4(5):714-721
Ethylene production by the thermal cracking of naphtha is an energy-intensive process (up to 40 GJ heat per tonne ethylene), leading to significant formation of coke and nitrogen oxide (NOx), along with 1.8–2 kg of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission per kilogram of ethylene produced. We propose an alternative process for the redox oxy-cracking (ROC) of naphtha. In this two-step process, hydrogen (H2) from naphtha cracking is selectively combusted by a redox catalyst with its lattice oxygen first. The redox catalyst is subsequently re-oxidized by air and releases heat, which is used to satisfy the heat requirement for the cracking reactions. This intensified process reduces parasitic energy consumption and CO2 and NOx emissions. Moreover, the formation of ethylene and propylene can be enhanced due to the selective combustion of H2. In this study, the ROC process is simulated with ASPEN Plus® based on experimental data from recently developed redox catalysts. Compared with traditional naphtha cracking, the ROC process can provide up to 52% reduction in energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The upstream section of the process consumes approximately 67% less energy while producing 28% more ethylene and propylene for every kilogram of naphtha feedstock. 相似文献
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目的研究工艺参数与调制参数之间的相互作用对T2紫铜功率调制光纤激光-MIG复合焊过程热效率和稳定性的影响。方法分别设计并进行了平均功率、送丝速度与调制振幅和调制频率的三元二次回归正交试验。其中采用母材熔化区面积表征焊接过程的热效率,采用焊缝中的气孔数量表征焊接过程的稳定性。结果调制振幅约为平均功率的1/3时,母材熔化区面积最大,焊接过程热效率最高,振幅增大或减小都会使熔化区面积减小。平均功率主要决定了焊接过程的线能量,平均功率增大有助于增大母材熔化区面积。送丝速度的大小不仅影响焊接过程的能量输入,而且对熔池的流动行为影响较大。送丝速度过大易使熔池以及小孔失稳,降低焊接过程稳定性,因此送丝速度不宜过大。本研究条件下,10 m/min的送丝速度较为适宜。结论在优化的工艺参数和调制参数下进行功率调制激光-电弧复合焊,可以使8 mm厚紫铜焊接过程的热效率和稳定性同步提升。 相似文献
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目的 提高PA66塑料的焊缝剪切强度,达到实际生产要求.方法 采用高速扫描振镜对PA66塑料进行扫描激光焊接,分析重复焊接次数对塑料焊缝外观及剪切强度的影响,并且对焊缝截面进行测试,分析工艺参数对焊缝截面的影响规律.通过对工艺参数(激光平均功率、重复焊接次数、焊接速度、离焦量)进行四因素四水平正交实验,得到焊缝剪切强度... 相似文献
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中间相炭微球(MCMB)负极材料作为新型材料受到了社会的关注,同时其制造所带来的环境污染也逐渐增加。本工作针对锂电池MCMB材料开展了全生命周期能耗与碳排放研究, 功能单位定义为生产1 t MCMB负极材料产品,系统边界包括原料获取、能源供应与材料生产阶段,分析了MCMB材料全生命周期的能耗结构,辨识了碳排放的关键影响因素。能耗分析结果显示,1 t MCMB负极材料的全生命周期能耗为149.37 GJ,初级能耗结构为原煤(82.82%)、原油(11.03%)、天然气(6.15%),能源生产阶段对生命周期能耗的贡献度为80.81%。碳排放分析结果显示,生产1 t MCMB负极材料的碳排放总量为11 824.61 kg CO2-eq,电力、中温沥青和焦炉煤气消耗量对碳排放计算结果的影响最为显著,调整能源结构是降低MCMB负极材料生产碳排放的有效手段。 相似文献
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Rodrigo Rivera-Tinoco Chakib Bouallou 《Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy》2010,12(2):171-175
This work deals with the carbon dioxide cycle and emissions from biomass incineration under a hydrogen production context.
It is proposed to use the thermal energy obtained by biomass combustion to produce water steam, which afterwards would be
converted into hydrogen by high temperature electrolysis (HTE). In France, the thermal energy potential from nonvalorised
biomass reaches almost 6.5 Mtep. In this study, the potential avoided carbon emissions are quantified as well as the feasible
hydrogen production capacity based on the steam supplied by the incineration units. Results show that carbon consumption in
hydrogen production by steam methane reforming (SMR) or biomass incineration–HTE process is almost equivalent between both
processes. However, the hydrogen produced by the biomass incineration–HTE process used to fuel vehicles, would lead to a decrease
of 135 Mt of carbon from fossil origins yearly, in contrast to SMR. 相似文献