含界面脱粘及表板基体开裂损伤的复合材料夹层板非线性稳定性的研究

本文作者基于"zig-zag"模型和Mindlin一阶剪切变形板理论,推导了复合材料夹层板屈曲分析的有限元列式,在该列式中考虑了面板的横向剪切变形和芯体的面内刚度对夹层板力学性能的影响。针对具有面板和芯体间界面脱粘和纤维增强树脂基体微裂纹损伤的夹层板损伤特征,分别提出了分层模型和多标量损伤模型,并推导了多标量形式的损伤本构关系。采用修正的 Newton-Raphson迭代格式求解含损复合材料夹层板的非线性稳定性性状。通过算例研究了脱粘面积、基体的损伤演化、表板的铺设方式及载荷形式对复合材料夹层板屈曲性态的影响。本文作者给出的有限元模型和结论,对复合材料夹层板结构设计的损伤容限的制定具有一定的参考价值。     

基于高阶剪切理论的复合材料格栅夹层板弯曲特性

基于高阶剪切弯曲理论,对含有软质芯材的复合材料格栅夹层板的弯曲特性进行了理论研究。基于能量法,推导了含有软质芯材的复合材料格栅的等效弹性参数计算式;基于高阶剪切弯曲理论,推导了夹层板的弯曲平衡微分方程,并采用Navier方法,给出了分布载荷作用下四边简支、上下表层为对称正交铺层的夹层板弯曲问题的理论解;用算例对典型格栅夹层板的理论解和有限元仿真解进行了对比,两者误差为7.1%,验证了本文理论方法的正确性;并分析了夹层板跨厚比、格栅厚度、格栅复合材料铺层角度、格栅间距等参量对含有软质芯材的典型复合材料格栅夹层板弯曲挠度的影响规律。      

复合材料加筋板低速冲击损伤的数值模拟

建立了复合材料加筋板在横向低速冲击载荷作用下的渐进损伤有限元模型.该模型考虑了复合材料加筋板受低速冲击时的纤维断裂、基体开裂及分层脱粘等五种典型的损伤形式,在层内采用应变描述的失效判据,结合相应的材料性能退化方案,通过编写VUMAT用户自定义子程序以实现相应损伤类型的判断和演化.在层间以及筋条与层板间加入界面元,模拟层间区域的情况,结合传统的应力失效判据和断裂力学中的能量释放率准则来判断分层损伤的起始和演化规律.通过对数值模拟结果与实验数据的比较,验证了模型的合理性和有效性.同时探讨了不同位置、不同冲击能量以及含初始损伤(脱粘)等因素对复合材料加筋板低速冲击性能的影响.     

复合材料加筋板低速冲击损伤的数值模拟

建立了复合材料加筋板在横向低速冲击载荷作用下的渐进损伤有限元模型。该模型考虑了复合材料加筋板受低速冲击时的纤维断裂、基体开裂及分层脱粘等五种典型的损伤形式, 在层内采用应变描述的失效判据, 结合相应的材料性能退化方案, 通过编写VUMAT用户自定义子程序以实现相应损伤类型的判断和演化。在层间以及筋条与层板间加入界面元, 模拟层间区域的情况, 结合传统的应力失效判据和断裂力学中的能量释放率准则来判断分层损伤的起始和演化规律。通过对数值模拟结果与实验数据的比较, 验证了模型的合理性和有效性。同时探讨了不同位置、不同冲击能量以及含初始损伤(脱粘)等因素对复合材料加筋板低速冲击性能的影响。     

复合材料层合板三维分层问题的断裂力学分析

对复合材料层板中椭圆分层的断裂力学问题进行了研究。根据层板平面剪切型分层和反平面剪切型分层尖端附近位移场、应力场与应力强度因子的关系,利用法向切片法,得到椭圆分层前缘应力强度因子与能量释放率的关系。结合由附加位移所确定的总位能,确定了能量释放率和应力强度因子沿分层前缘分布的表达形式。数值计算给出了二者随分层区形状、载荷以及各层厚度比等参数变化的分布情况。     

复合材料夹层板面芯二维分层屈曲研究

本文建立了一个分析复合材料夹层板面芯椭圆分层屈曲的二维弹性基础模型;并找到了一个能很好地反映分层屈曲变形特征的位移表达式.通过应用瑞利-里兹能量法得到了分层的临界屈曲载荷和有效边界刚性系数C'.本文发现,经典的薄膜分层模型不能反映夹层板芯子对面芯分层的横向弹性支持作用,只能给出面芯分层屈曲的上临界载荷.本文还得到了一些分层参数与有效边界刚性系数C'的关系.     

缝合对泡沫夹芯复合材料低速冲击性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

为了研究缝合对泡沫夹芯复合材料抗低速冲击的影响,以未缝合、全厚度缝合和冲击面纤维面板三类缝合碳纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料板为研究对象,采用落锤冲击试验机对泡沫夹芯复合材料板进行10J能量的冲击试验。然后使用水浸超声波扫描成像系统对冲击后的复合材料板进行损伤检测,得出泡沫夹芯复合材料板内部不同深度层的损伤情况。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对上述三类泡沫夹芯复合材料板进行有限元模拟,得出了低速冲击响应过程及面板的损伤情况,并进行了实验与数值模拟结果对比分析。研究结果表明,缝合会使得各铺层的损伤趋向均匀化,能够大幅提高层合板的整体性使各铺层之间的衔接更加紧密。在较小冲击能量下,全厚度缝合与冲击面纤维面板缝合都能够抑制分层的破坏,并且抑制分层的效果相差不大,且靠近冲击面的层与层之间更加容易产生分层的破坏。     

缝合对泡沫夹芯复合材料低速冲击性能的影响

为了研究缝合对泡沫夹芯复合材料抗低速冲击的影响,以未缝合、全厚度缝合和冲击面纤维面板三类缝合碳纤维泡沫夹芯复合材料板为研究对象,采用落锤冲击试验机对泡沫夹芯复合材料板进行10J能量的冲击试验。然后使用水浸超声波扫描成像系统对冲击后的复合材料板进行损伤检测,得出泡沫夹芯复合材料板内部不同深度层的损伤情况。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对上述三类泡沫夹芯复合材料板进行有限元模拟,得出了低速冲击响应过程及面板的损伤情况,并进行了实验与数值模拟结果对比分析。研究结果表明,缝合会使得各铺层的损伤趋向均匀化,能够大幅提高层合板的整体性使各铺层之间的衔接更加紧密。在较小冲击能量下,全厚度缝合与冲击面纤维面板缝合都能够抑制分层的破坏,并且抑制分层的效果相差不大,且靠近冲击面的层与层之间更加容易产生分层的破坏。     

泡沫铝夹层结构复合材料低速冲击性能

以泡沫铝为夹芯材料,玄武岩纤维(BF)和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE)复合材料为面板,制备夹层结构复合材料。研究纤维类型、铺层结构和芯材厚度对泡沫铝夹层结构复合材料冲击性能和损伤模式的影响规律,并与铝蜂窝夹层结构复合材料性能进行对比分析。结果表明:BF/泡沫铝夹层结构比UHMWPE/泡沫铝夹层结构具有更大的冲击破坏载荷,但冲击位移和吸收能量较小。BF和UHMWPE两种纤维的分层混杂设计比叠加混杂具有更高的冲击破坏载荷和吸收能量。随着泡沫铝厚度的增加,夹层结构复合材料的冲击破坏载荷降低,破坏吸收能量增大。泡沫铝夹层结构比铝蜂窝夹层结构具有更高的冲击破坏载荷,但冲击破坏吸收能量较小;泡沫铝芯材以冲击部位的碎裂为主要失效形式,铝蜂窝芯材整体压缩破坏明显。     

双模量面板泡沫铝芯夹层圆板的非线性弯曲

采用弹性理论建立了双模量面板泡沫铝芯圆形夹层板在均布载荷作用下的静力平衡方程,利用静力平衡方程确定了夹层板的中性面位置。在考虑剪切变形影响的基础上,采用能量法研究了双模量面板泡沫铝芯圆形夹层板的轴对称非线性弯陆问题,求得了夹层板中心挠度与均布载荷的关系式,并把该方法计算结果与有限元计算结果进行了比较,验证了该方法是可靠...     

Analysis of the sandwich DCB specimen for debond characterization

Analysis of the compliance and energy release rate of the sandwich double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen is presented. It is assumed that there is a starter crack at the upper face/core interface and that the crack remains at or near this interface during crack propagation. Beam, elastic foundation, and finite element analyses are presented and compared to experimentally measured compliance data, and compliance calibrated energy release rate over a range of crack lengths for foam cored sandwich DCB specimens. It is found that the beam analysis provides a conservative estimate on the compliance and energy release rate. The elastic foundation model is in agreement with finite element analysis and experimental compliance data. Recommendations for specimen design and an expression for an upper limiting crack length are provided.     

Interface crack in sandwich specimen

Fracture of a sandwich specimen loaded with axial forces and bending moments is analyzed in the context of linear elastic fracture mechanics. A closed form expression for the energy release rate for interface cracking of a sandwich specimen with isotropic face sheets is found from analytical evaluation of the J-integral. An approach is applied, whereby the mode mixity for any combination of the loads can be calculated analytically when a load-independent phase angle has been determined. This load-independent phase angle is determined for a broad range of sandwich configurations of practical interest. The load-independent phase angle is determined using a novel finite element based method called the crack surface displacement extrapolation method. The expression for the energy release rate is based on the J-integral and certain stress distributions along the ends of the sandwich specimen. When the stresses from the crack tip interacts with the stresses at the ends, the present analytical calculation of the J-integral becomes inaccurate. The results show that for the analytically J-integral to be accurate the crack tip must be a certain distance away from the uncracked end of the specimen. For a sandwich specimen with face sheet/core stiffness ratio of 100, this distance is in the order 10 times the face sheet thickness. For sandwich structures with face sheet/core stiffness ratio of 1,000, the distance is 30 times the face sheet thickness.     

Fatigue crack growth at the face sheet-core interface in a discontinuous ceramic-tile cored sandwich structure

The fatigue failure mechanism of a sandwich structure with discontinuous ceramic tile core is characterized. The sandwich structure in consideration comprises ceramic core tiles bonded to composite face sheet with a compliant adhesive layer. The discontinuous nature of the core results in a non-uniform stress field under in-plane loading of the sandwich. Static tensile tests performed on sandwich coupons revealed first damage as debonding at the gaps between adjacent tiles in the core. Tension–tension fatigue tests caused debonding at the gaps followed by initiation of cracks in the adhesive layer between the face sheet and core. Experimental data for crack length versus number of cycles is collected at various load levels. Crack growth rates (da/dN) are determined based on the experimental data acquired. The energy release rate available for crack propagation is computed using an analytical model and finite element analysis. Mode separation performed using the Virtual Crack Closure Technique (VCCT) revealed that crack propagation is completely dominated by shear (mode II). Fatigue crack growth behavior for the discontinuous sandwich structure is quantified by correlating the cyclic energy release rate with the rate of crack propagation. The loss of specimen stiffness with crack propagation is quantified using an analytical model.     

Proposal of the concept of splice-type arrester for foam core sandwich panels

A new type of crack arrester concept, named the splice-type crack arrester, was invented and applied to a core–core splice in a foam core sandwich panel in order to suppress interfacial crack growth. An analytical evaluation of this crack arrester including parametric studies was carried out. It was confirmed by finite element (FE) analysis that interfacial crack propagation was suppressed by a decrease in the energy release rate at the crack tip under constant loading owing to the splice-type crack arrester as the crack tip approached the edge of the arrester. Through this study, it was revealed that the leading edge of the splice-type crack arrester, its shape and material, have strong effects on the crack suppression capability.     

The effect of facesheet/core delamination in sandwich structures under transverse loading

The present work is concerned with the problem of a delamination crack along the facesheet/core interface of a sandwich structure which is submitted to transverse loading. In contrast to a loading by compressive inplane forces or a bending loading the presumed transverse loading does not lead to buckling of the delaminated facesheet but it may provoke further delamination crack growth. As a kind of crack driving force the energy release rate is studied for a virtual crack growth by means of Irwin's crack closure integral within a finite element modelling. The resultant energy release rate is dependent on various geometrical and material parameters which is investigated in some detail.     

On the method of virtual crack extensions

The measurement of energy release rates using virtual crack extensions has been made using finite element techniques. An economic and accurate technique for calculating energy changes due to any number of virtual tip changes is presented. Mixed-mode situations can be dealt with by observing the direction of maximum energy release rate. Examples are given including various cracks in a plate in tension, a curving crack in a general two-dimensional shape, and a three-dimensional crack in a plate.     

Delamination of layered structures on elastic foundation

This study presents an interface fracture mechanics analysis of delamination of a layered beam resting on a Winkler elastic foundation subject to general mechanical loads. A crack tip element on elastic foundation model is established first, through which, two concentrated forces existing at the crack tip are determined in closed-form. Then total energy release rate of the crack can be expressed in term of these two forces. By using available numerical results in the literature, the phase angle of the total energy release rate is also obtained. To verify the validity and accuracy of the solutions, debonding of a bonded overlay from the base structure resting on a Winkler elastic foundation is analyzed using the present solution. Comparisons with the baseline results obtained by finite element analysis suggest that the present analytical solution provides an excellent estimation of the total energy release rate and its phase angle for interface cracks in layered structure on elastic foundation. This study provides an approximated analysis of the debonding of a thin overlay debonding from the concrete pavement, where the effect of the base structure is simplified by a Winkler elastic foundation. This solution can also be used to analyze other similar delamination problems, such as local delamination in laminated composites, and face sheet delimitation in sandwich beams.     

热力载荷下多材料构件连接区的界面断裂分析

应用改进的虚裂纹闭合技术对热、力载荷作用下多材料构件连接区界面进行断裂分析。首先,通过对含橡胶夹层的复合材料层合板单腿弯曲（SLB）试件断裂分析,研究了在不同温度载荷作用下,橡胶夹层对试件能量释放率及其各型分量的影响。其次,对具有热流边界下,典型复合材料-橡胶-金属组成的多材料圆柱壳体连接裙结构进行了热力耦合断裂分析,结果表明裂纹总能量释放率随温度升高而增大。最后,针对该连接裙结构讨论了裂纹位置和橡胶层厚度对裂纹能量释放率的影响,指出适当增加橡胶层厚度可以降低裂纹能量释放率,但橡胶厚层度与界面韧性之间存在尺寸效应。     

基于裂纹开裂角度的夹层板层间开裂

以聚氨酯弹性体钢夹层板为研究对象,对黏弹性夹芯夹层结构三点弯曲实验卸载后裂纹会沿层间方向继续扩展这一现象进行研究。开展了不同硬度夹芯的双悬臂梁(Double Cantilever Beam,DCB)实验和单悬臂梁(SLB)实验,测得了临界应变能释放率。在假设裂纹张开角度在开裂过程中不变的前提下,推导了临界应变能释放率的计算公式。并计算了软夹芯试件和硬夹芯试件的临界破坏的裂纹长度。结果表明,虽然存有一定的局限性,但是裂纹张开角度能够描述黏弹性夹层结构的层间裂纹扩展,获得的结果能够描述聚氨酯弹性体钢夹层板的层间延迟破坏的特点。     

Approximation of curved cracks under mixed-mode loading

The calculation of stress intensity factors or mechanical energy release rate for non-straight cracks can be complicated. Approximation to equivalent crack shapes can simplify calculations considerably, but this requires an understanding of the influence of key shape parameters on crack-tip stresses. A simple analytical model has been developed, based on the concept of a relaxed volume, to predict mechanical energy release rate and deflection angle for a range of crack shapes under mixed-mode loading. Results from this model compared well with those obtained from finite element (FE) simulations, and with predictions from previous analytical models. It was found that the crack length and orientation of the crack-tip with respect to loading direction are the key influences on fracture parameters, whilst curvature near the crack-tip can also affect results.