《酶的专一性》微课教学设计

随着教育技术的发展与普及,以视频为载体记录教师围绕某个知识点展开的简短完整教学活动的"微课"将表现出强大的生命力。《酶的专一性》是生物类专业基础课——《生物化学》的一个重要知识点,结合"微课"的特点和教学目标,我们对《酶的专一性》进行了专门的教学设计。教学设计包括教学背景、教学目标与重难点、过程设计几个方面。教学设计体现了授课教师的教学思想、设计思路和教学特色,基于教学设计,我们录制了微课视频,达到预期效果。     

《高分子化学》课程中“自动加速现象”的微课教学设计

"微课"教学是一种新型的教学模式,它可以更加准确和具体的在短时间内将教学内容的精华传递给学生。"自动加速现象"是《高分子化学》课程中的一个重要知识点。结合"微课"的特点和该知识点授课内容的教学目标,我们对"自动加速现象"微课的制作进行了相应的教学设计,主要包括教学背景、教学目标与重难点、教学方法和策略、教学安排几个方面,并录制微课视频,旨在提高教学质量,服务广大学生群体。     

《光致变色高分子材料》的微课设计

随着社会的快速发展,人们对于功能性高分子材料的需求日趋迫切。以"光致变色高分子材料"的介绍及设计为切入点,结合"微课"短小精悍的特点和知识点的教学目标,对《功能高分子材料》课程中"光致变色高分子材料"章节进行了教学设计,主要包括教学背景、教学目标与重难点、教学方法和策略、教学安排几个方面,并录制微课视频,目的在于提高教学质量,服务广大学生群体。     

《双光子吸收材料》章节中“光限幅现象”的微课设计

随着激光技术的快速发展,具有双光子吸收特性的一类功能材料应运而生。本文以《双光子吸收材料》章节中"光限幅现象"为切入点,结合微课"主题突出、素材丰富"的特点,对该章节进行了教学设计,主要涵盖教学目标、教学重点和难点、教学方法及教学安排几个方面,并录制微课视频,旨在通过"微课"这种新型教学模式,调动学生的学习积极性,让学生充分利用零星时间进行学习,提高教学质量。     

浅谈“微课”的设计与制作——以《仪器分析实验》课程为例

"微课"是当前教育界的热门话题。文章以《仪器分析实验》课程教学为例,浅谈了微课的概念、微课的特点、微课的设计与制作等问题,希望通过微课程的建设辅助传统教学,优化课程教学效果。     

SPOC教学模式下中学化学微课设计与应用研究 ——以"过氧化钠"教学为例

SPOC混合式教学是一种新兴的教学模式.以"过氧化钠"教学内容为例,结合SPOC教学模式设计原则,设计制作了三个微课视频案例,并从课前、课中、课后三个方面对微课的应用进行讨论,结果表明,微课有助于SPOC教学模式的开展,有利于提高学生的自主学习能力.     

基于情感缺失视角下的化学史微课教学设计研究——以空气组成的发现为例

我国微课教学和化学史教学一直以来存在着诸多问题。基于微课平台进行化学史教育,不仅有利于推动微课建设,更有利于将我国化学史教学推向更高水平。文章结合微课和化学史教学的共性和个性给出了三条具体理由:(1)化学史有利于解决微课中的情感缺失问题;(2)微课的多媒体形式和短小新颖特点,能使化学史更好地应用于课堂中,有利于改变传统化学史教学的边缘化地位;(3)微课有利于集中一两个化学史的知识点学习,学生更易理解和掌握。实现上述三点,需要基于二者共性和个性进行整体的化学史微课教学设计,并给出化学史微课教学设计"空气组成的发现"具体案例,以期推动我国化学史微课教学走向新台阶。     

“互联网+”背景下信息化教学在高中化学教学中的应用浅析

在"互联网+"背景下,教育教学形式正在发生着巨大的变革,慕课、微课、和翻转课堂等新型信息化教学方式被广泛应用于现代教育教学中。本文针对高中化学教学,分析和讨论如何利用慕课、微课、和翻转课堂等信息化教学方式有效地提高教学效率和提升教师教学质量。     

《高分子材料》课程中"ABS树脂"的微课教学设计

ABS树脂是《高分子材料》课程中的一个重要知识点,将该部分内容制成精炼的微课视频,以此作为传统课堂教学的一种重要资源补充和拓展。本文主要针对ABS树脂进行微课教学设计,具体包括教学特征分析、教学目标与重难点、教学设计基本理念及思路、教学设计方案四个方面,录制相关微课视频,旨在在于提高教学质量,更好的满足学生对知识点的个性化学习需求。     

微课在《无机及分析化学》教学中的应用——以“缓冲溶液pH的计算”为例

基于大学《无机及分析化学》课程的学科特点,现以"缓冲溶液pH的计算"这一知识点为例,从微课教学分析、微课制作过程、微课案例设计以及应用效果评价等几个方面详细阐述了微课在教学中的运用。学生通过微课视频的学习,能够将课堂内容与微课知识点紧密结合,实现自主化、深入化学习,有利于培养浓厚的学习兴趣。教师通过更新与完善高质量、多层次的实用性微课,能够激发学生的学习潜力,不断优化教学过程,创造高效课堂,使学生学有所获。     

硅烷处理N2O氧化苯生产苯酚催化剂抑制结碳失活研究

The main cause to the deactivation of ZSM-5 catalyst, used for oxidation of benzene to phenol (BTOP) by nitrous oxide, is that the carbon deposition on the catalyst surface blocks the mouth of pores of the catalyst.In the experiments, ZSM-5 catalyst was modified by chemical surface deposition of silicon, and then the effect of modification condition on the catalyst activation was studied. The catalyst samples were characterized by XRF,EPS, XRD, TEM, N2 adsorption at low temperature, pyridine adsorption-infrared technique and etc. All the above results show that the uniform SiO2 membrane can be formed on ZSM-5 crystal surface. The SiO2 membrane covers the acid centers on ZSM-5 surface to inhibit surface coking, to avoid or decrease the possibility of ZSM-5 pore blockage so that the catalyst activity and stability can be improved efficiently. The optimum siliconiting conditions determined by the experiments are as follows: 4% load of silanizing agent, volume (ml)/mass (g) ratio of hexane/ZSM-5=15/1, and 16 h of modification time. Compared with the samples without siliconiting treatment,the samples treated under the above optimum condition can increase the productivity of phenol by 14% for 3 h reaction time and by 41% for 6 h reaction time respectively.     

基于魏格纳分布的鼓泡流化床中结焦早期诊断

An experimental verification is reported on the early predicting index of agglomeration in bubbling fluidized bed. Coarse quartz sand, which has the same density but larger diameter than the bed material, was used to simulate the initial agglomerated particle. Wigner distribution was used to analyze the pressure fuctuation of the tested bed, and the average amplitude of local domain frequency （LDF） and local peak weighted average frequency （LPWA） under different operating conditions were measured and compared. The results showed that the LDF is sensitive to the agglomeration phenomena and had quick response to the incipient agglomeration in fluidized beds. It can be concluded from the results that these two parameters could be taken as the characteristic indexes to the agglomeration in fuidized beds.     

用NRTL方程推算高压汽液平衡并同时描述过量焓

The non-random two liquids （NRTL） equation together with the Pitzer/Curl Virial equation of state are used to investigate the simultaneous representation of excess enthalpies （h^E） and vapour-liquid equilibria （VLE） and the VLE prediction from h^E data. The calculation strategy for properly determining NRTL parameters and the effect of their temperature dependence on the simultaneous correlation of h^E and VLE data and the VLE extrapolation are analysed in detail.     

颗粒尾涡增强湍流的大涡模拟以及气固两相流中湍流变动的数值模拟

The turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by large eddy simulation （LES） of turbulent gas flows passing a single particle. The predicted time-averaged and root-mean-square fluctuation velocities behind the particle are in agreement with the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling results and experimental results. A semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model is proposed by the present-authors based on the LES resuits. This model is incorporated into the second-order moment two-phase turbulence model for simulating vertical gas-particle pipe flows and horizontal gas-particle channel flows. The simulation results show that compared with the model not accounting for the particle wake effect, the present model gives simulation results for the gas turbulence modulation in much better agreement with the experimental results.     

一种用于计算机辅助产物设计中基于BP-NN优化问题的求解方法

Because of the powerful mapping ability, back propagation neural network (BP-NN) has been employed in computer-aided product design (CAPD) to establish the property prediction model. The backward problem in CAPD is to search for the appropriate structure or composition of the product with desired property, which is an optimization problem. In this paper, a global optimization method of using the a BB algorithm to solve the backward problem is presented. In particular, a convex lower bounding function is constructed for the objective function formulated with BP-NN model, and the calculation of the key parameter a is implemented by recurring to the interval Hessian matrix of the objective function. Two case studies involving the design of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) inhibitors and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) nano composites are investigated using the proposed method.     

燃烧法制备二氧化钛催化剂的条件对其可见光催化性能的影响

Titania catalysts were synthesized by a solution combustion method （SCM）. Photodegradation of 4-chlorophenol （4-CP） using the synthesized catalysts was studied under both visible light （λ≥420nm） and sunlight irradiation. The effect of preparation conditions on photocatalytic activities of the synthesized catalysts was investigated. The optimal photocatalytic activity of the catalyst （denoted as A1 ） was obtained under the following synthesis conditions： ignition temperature of 350~C, fuel ratio （ φ） of 1 and calcination time of lh. The degradation and mineralization ratio of 4-CP were 78.2% and 53.7% respectively under visible light irradiation for 3h using catalyst A1. And the catalyst A1 also showed high photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation.     

DCV-GCMD方法模拟近临界条件下乙烯、苯与乙苯在圆柱形孔道中苯烃化反应条件下的吸附和传递性质

Abstract A cylindrical pore model was used to represent approximately the pore of β-zeolite catalyst that had been used in the alkylation of benzene with ethylene and spherical Lennard-Jones molecules represented the components of the reaction system-ethylene, benzene and ethylbenzene. The dual control volume-grand canonical molecular dynamics (DCV-GCMD) method was used to simulate the adsorption and transport properties of three components under reaction in the cylindrical pore at 250℃and 270℃in the pressure range from 1 MPa to 8 MPa. The state map of the reactant mixture in the bulk phase could be divided into several different regions around its critical points. The simulated adsorption and transport properties in the pore were compared between the different near-critical regions. The thorough analysis suggested that the high pressure liquid region is the most suitable region for the alkylation reaction of benzene under the near-critical condition.     

约束优化控制的约束调整与目标协调及在重油分离器过程中的作用

In this paper, the feasibility and objectives coordination of real-time optimization (RTO) are systemically investigated under soft constraints. The reason for requiring soft constraints adjustment and objective relaxation simultaneously is that the result is not satisfactory when the feasible region is apart from the desired working point or the optimization problem is infeasible. The mixed logic method is introduced to describe the priority of the constraints and objectives, thereby the soft constraints adjustment and objectives coordination are solved together in RTO. A case study on the Shell heavy oil fractionators benchmark problem illustrating the method is finally presented.     

酚醛树脂改性煤焦油沥青中制得的中间相球体的结构特征

Mesocarbon microbeads （MCMB） were prepared from coal tar pitch modified by phenolic resin and from the same pitch modified by phenolic resin and hexamethylenetetramine at 440℃ for lh. By investigating the morphology of mesophase spheres and the structure of the MCMB carbonized at 1000℃ for lh using scanning electron microscope （SEM） and XRD, it was found that phenolic resin accelerated the formation and coalescence of mesophase spheres. Some of the obtained MCMB were hi- or tri-spheres with the distorted microtextural carbon layers. Hexamethylenetetramine in the pitch modified by phenolic resin accelerated the condensation of phenolic resin and consequently expedited the combination of mesophase spheres, which was proved by the formation of some tetra-spheres. Owing to the cross-linkage of the additives, MCMB with complex structure were obtained.     

杂合基因算法在酵母中间代谢途径代谢通量分析中的应用

A scheme of investigating the intracellular metabolic fluxes in central metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on isotope model and tracer experiment was developed. The metabolic model applied in this study includes the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, CO2 anaplerotic reactions, ethanol and acetate formation, and pathways involved in amino acid synthesis. The approach of hybridized genetic algorithm combined with the sequential simplex technique was used to optimize a quadratic error function without the requirement of the information on the partial derivatives. The impact of some key parameters on the algorithm was studied. This approach was proved to be rapid and numerically stable in the analysis of the central metabolism of S.cerevisiae.