荧光分光光度计法测定腊肉中维生素C

样品中的VC用偏磷酸钠提取,经2,6-二氯靛酚氧化成脱氢型抗坏血酸后与邻苯二胺(OPDA)反应,生成具有荧光的喹喔啉(quinoxaline),其荧光强度与脱氢抗坏血酸的浓度在一定条件下成正比,以此测定腊肉中VC含量.荧光分光光度计在激发波长360nm,发射波长430nm测定喹喔啉荧光强度.该方法VC的检出限为0.95mg.kg-1,相对标准偏差(RSD) 2.4％,回收率在87.2％～94.3％之间.用荧光分光光度计法和2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法同时测定腊肉中VC,发现二者结果无显著差异,但荧光分光光度计法精密度高于2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法.实验证明,荧光分光光度计法测量腊肉中VC具有灵敏度高、快速、准确等优点.     

5种水果中维生素C含量的测定研究

以2％偏磷酸、2％草酸、10％三氯乙酸及2％草酸 10％盐酸作为提取剂，分别对草莓、鲜枣、香蕉、西瓜和桃5种水果中的维生素C进行提取，并利用碘量法测定其含量。结果表明：采用2％草酸 10％盐酸提取时效率较高，稳定性好，且VC含量接近标准。     

中原地区10种水果维生素C含量分析

采用2,6-二氯靛酚法分别对苹果、草莓、樱桃、山楂、西瓜、猕猴桃、青葡萄、鸭梨、油桃、圣女果共10种中原水果维生素C含量进行测定。结果显示所测水果中Vc含量为4.85mg/100g～62.92mg/100g。其含量高低顺序为：猕猴桃>山楂>草莓>圣女果>樱桃>鸭梨>苹果>西瓜>青葡萄>油桃。猕猴桃的Vc含量最高,达到62.92mg/100g,其次是山楂,为47.85mg/100g,油桃含量最低,为4.85mg/100g。猕猴桃、山楂、草莓等Vc含量高的水果有望成为人们合理膳食及补充Vc的主要食源。     

超高液相色谱法测定食品中甲醛含量

通过采用不同的处理方法对食品中甲醛含量的检测进行比较研究,探讨了不同的前处理手段对回收率的影响,并将试验方法进行选择,确定甲醛快速便捷的检测方法.研究表明食品中甲醛在磷酸介质中经水蒸气蒸馏,2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生化后,UPLC测定.此方法在0.050 mg/L～3.2 mg/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关性好(r=0.9995),相对标准偏差均小于15％,样品加标平均回收率为80 5％～105.2％,最低检出限可达2.0mg/kg.     

2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定食品中甲醛的改进

通过改进2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法测定食品中甲醛的不足,对显色条件进行了优化,并评价了方法的性能指标,对市售腐竹、米粉、毛肚三种食品中的甲醛含量进行了测定分析。建立一种将甲醛衍生成甲醛-2,4-二硝基苯腙,甲醛-2,4-二硝基苯腙与强碱作用生成酒红色的醌类物质,进行吸光度值的测定的方法。试验方法:甲醛溶液与2.8 m L 2,4-二硝基苯肼乙醇饱和溶液在酸性条件下于50℃水浴衍生30 min,冷却室温,先后加入无水乙醇、KOH-乙醇溶液,稳定10 min在432 nm波长下测得吸光度值。结果表明:甲醛标准曲线的线性方程为Y=0.6788X+0.0102,相关糸数R 2=0.999,线性范围为1~12μg/m L;平均回收率为102.8%(RSD=3.99%);最低检出限为0.0025μg/m L。结论:改进的方法灵敏、准确、精密度高,能够满足食品中甲醛分析准确度的要求。     

水果中还原型和氧化型维生素C的分析

1 引言水果中维生素C是以氧化型和还原型两种都具生理活性的形式存在。但一般被认为:水果中还原型准生素C不仅占总维生素C的比例大,且其稳定性也能反映出总维生素C的稳定性,加之还原型维生素C的分析方法简单、快速,因此我国目前在研究水果中维生素C含量及其稳定性时,往往只测定还原型维生素C。事实上,水果在加工和贮存期间,不仅还原型维生素C可逆地转化为氧化型维生素C,而且一些水果如香焦,苹果中氧化型维生素C本身所占总维生素C的比例也很大,所以,水果中氧化型维生素C是总维生素C中不可忽视的重要部分。     

2,4-二硝基苯肼法测定两种饮料中Vc的含量

以2,4-二硝基苯肼为显色剂,利用分光光度法对市售两种品牌饮料中Vc的含量进行了测定。固定吸收波长为500nm,当活性炭用量为1g、水浴时间为3h、温度为37.2℃时,测定条件最佳。Vc标准溶液的线性回归方程为y=0.0234x+0.0679,R2=0.9967。结果表明,该方法简便易行、准确,能满足饮料中Vc含量的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定水果和蔬菜中维生素C含量的不确定度评定

通过分析维生素C测定过程中不确定度的来源,建立数学模型,评定出各不确定度分量,计算出合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果表明,当样品中维生素C含量为33.7 mg/100 g时,扩展不确定度为1.4 mg/100 g （k=2）;标准储备溶液的配制和测量重复性是不确定度的主要来源。     

凝胶糖果中Vc含量检测方法比对

采用2,4-二硝基苯肼比色法与高效液相色谱法检测凝胶糖果中Vc的含量,结果发现液相色谱法测定值略小于比色法测定值。     

Antioxidant actions and phenolic and vitamin C contents of common Mauritian exotic fruits

Seventeen commonly consumed exotic fruits from Mauritius were analysed for their antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and vitamin C content. Two independent methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of total fruit extracts. The antioxidant activities of the fruits ranged from 1 to 47 µmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) g^?1 fresh weight and from 0.3 to 34 micro/mol g fresh weight (FRAP) g^?1 fresh weight. Total phenolics in the fruits ranged from 118 to 5638 µg g^?1 fresh weight, proanthocyanidins from 7 to 2561 µg g^?1 fresh weight, flavonoids from 21 to 712 µg g^?1 fresh weight and vitamin C content from 8 to 1426 µg g^?1 fresh weight. There were strong correlations between antioxidant activity (assessed by both TEAC and FRAP) and total phenolics and proanthocyanidins. Flavonoids seemed to contribute less to the antioxidant potential of the fruits, while very poor correlations were observed between ascorbate content and antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant capacities were observed in red and yellow Psidium cattleianum Sabine ‘Chinese guava’, sweet and acid Averrhoa carambola L ‘starfruit’, Syzygium cumini L Skeels ‘jamblon’ and white Psidium guajava L ‘guava’. These fruits were also characterised by high levels of total phenolics. Mauritian exotic fruits are thus a significant source of phenolic antioxidants, which may have potential beneficial effects on health. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

预处理及干燥方法对果蔬干制品VC含量影响的研究进展

文章从干燥预处理和干燥技术2个果蔬干制的重要环节出发,对国内外关于预处理和干燥方法对果蔬干制品V_C含量影响的研究现状进行了较全面的综述。     

提高果蔬维生素C含量研究进展

随着人们生活水平不断提高,营养健康问题越来越受到重视。维生素C作为一种对人体具有重要作用的营养物质倍受人们关注;提高果蔬中维生素C的含量已经成为园艺领域研究热点之一。本文从果蔬种质资源选择,育种手段、栽培管理方法、土壤成分和生物技术等几个方面进行分析、研究和总结,综述了当前国内外提高果蔬维生素C含量的研究情况,并对各种方法和技术面临的一些问题进行总结和介绍,也对未来提高果蔬维生素C的方法进行展望。      

果蔬中总多酚和维生素C测定方法优化的研究

目的建立一种简单、准确地测定果蔬中总多酚和维生素C含量的方法。方法采用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集待测物质,用纯水洗脱回收水溶性干扰物质,用甲醇洗脱回收多酚类物质,加热水洗脱液除去其中的维生素C,优化福林酚比色法,测定总多酚和维生素C的含量。结果该方法的线性方程为Y=0.0118X+0.0045,R2=0.9989,确定福林酚比色法的条件为:在760 nm处测定,福林酚试剂:水(1:1),7.5%的Na2CO3溶液,温度为20~30℃,静置60 min。通过采用福林酚比色法分别测定原料提取液(RE)和水洗脱液(WE)中还原性物质的含量,取其差值作为样品总多酚含量。同时,测定加热处理水洗脱液(HWE)中还原性物质的含量,取其与WE测定结果的差值作为样品维生素C的含量。结论此方法简便实用、条件易满足,分析结果可靠,可应用于果蔬总多酚和维生素C含量的测定。     

Effects of genotype and environment on vitamin C content and its heterosis in towel gourd fruits

BACKGROUND: Vitamin C is an indispensable component in the diet of humans, who lack the ability to synthesise it. Towel gourd (Luffa cylindrica L.) is a vegetable that is widely consumed in Asia, but little is known about the vitamin C content in its fresh fruits. In this study the effects of genotype and environment on the vitamin C content and its heterosis in towel gourd fruits were investigated using eight inbred lines and nine F₁ hybrids planted in two different seasons (spring and summer). RESULTS: Among the 17 cultivars studied, vitamin C content ranged from 5.94 to 12.89 mg per 100 g, suggesting the possibility of selecting new towel gourd varieties with high vitamin C content. The effects of genotype, environment (planting season) and their interaction on vitamin C content were all significant (P?0.01), with genotype having the largest effect. Five out of six hybrids showed positive heterosis over the mean values of their parents. However, it was difficult to predict the vitamin C content in F₁ fruits from that in their parents. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that the vitamin C content in towel gourd fruits can be affected by genotype and environment and might be increased by crossing. This could provide a theoretical basis for selecting varieties with high vitamin C content. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

前处理对液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中维生素C含量的影响

目的研究液相色谱操作条件、标准溶液配制及保存、样品提取等前处理对液相色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中维生素C含量的影响。方法测定不同流动相下维生素C峰面积及保留时间;比较不同酸性溶液配制的标准溶液保存一定时间后峰面积的变化;用不同浓度的乙酸溶液作为提取液,在不同水浴温度、超声时间下对奶粉样品进行提取,测定其峰面积。结果样品溶液在0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾(pH=3.0)甲醇流动相下,经Tech Mate ST-C_(18)色谱柱分离,在245 nm条件下进行检测,可获得较大的响应值及合适的保留时间。维生素C的最佳提取条件为:提取液为1%乙酸溶液、水浴温度不宜超过20℃、提取时超声时间为20 min。采用确定的条件对婴幼儿配方奶粉中维生素C含量进行测定,维生素C在1~100 mg/L范围内线性良好,r~2大于0.999。加标回收率在76.5%~91.4%之间,RSD在5%以下。结论本研究建立的前处理方法能够满足维生素C的测定要求。     

Phytochemicals,vitamin C and sugar content of Thai wild fruits

The objective of the present study was to generate information about the potential health-enhancing properties of selected Thai wild fruits. Nineteen varieties of wild fruits, collected from the natural forest in north-eastern Thailand, were analysed for phytochemicals, anti-oxidant activity, vitamin C and sugar content. The results showed that Diospyros decandra Lour. exhibited the highest content of total phenolic compounds (215 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (187 mg RE/g). Terminalia chebula Retz. had higher anti-oxidant activities than other fruits, as measured by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (99% inhibition) and ferric reducing/anti-oxidant power assays (63 mmol FeSO₄/g). The sum of sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose and galactose) ranged from 33 to 430 mg/g fresh weight, being dominated by glucose (ranging from 7.5 to 244 mg/g) and fructose (ranging from 5.3 to 193 mg/g). The highest content of vitamin C was found in Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (2.2 mg/g). Thai wild fruits, which were investigated in this study, have been shown to be a novel rich source of phytochemicals.     

Changes in vitamin C concentrations in plasma and milk from dairy cows after an intramammary infusion of Escherichia coli

Plasma and milk concentrations of ascorbic acid and dehydro-L-ascorbic acid (DHAA) were measured before and after 21 Holstein cows (approximately 26 DIM) were given an intramammary infusion of Escherichia coli. Blood, milk from the unchallenged quarters, and milk from the challenged gland were sampled immediately before challenge (d 0) and 24 h and 7 d postchallenge. Plasma vitamin C (ascorbic acid + DHAA) concentrations decreased 39%, and concentrations of vitamin C and ascorbic acid in milk from the challenged quarter decreased 52 and 62%, respectively, in samples taken 24 h postchallenge. No change was observed in vitamin C concentrations in milk from unchallenged quarters. The concentration of DHAA in milk from challenged quarters increased 67% 24 h postchallenge. The duration of clinical mastitis, peak body temperature, number of colony-forming units of E. coli isolated from the infected gland, and loss in milk yield were associated with a change in concentration of vitamin C in milk from the challenged quarter. Increased severity of clinical signs was associated with large decreases in concentration of vitamin C in milk from the challenged quarter. Similar, but statistically weaker, relationships were observed for changes in plasma vitamin C concentrations.     

Antioxidant capacity, phenolic content and vitamin C in pulp, peel and seed from 24 exotic fruits from Colombia

Twenty-four exotic Colombian fruits were evaluated for antioxidant activity and total soluble phenolics (TP) (edible part, seed and peel) and ascorbic acid content (edible part). The antioxidant activities were evaluated by ABTS (free radical-scavenging capacity) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) methods. The ABTS, FRAP, TP and ascorbic acid values in the edible part were 3.25 to 175 ??M Trolox equiv/g fresh weight (FW), 6.29 to 144 ??M Trolox equiv/g FW, 15.7 to 1018 mg gallic acid equiv/100 g FW, and 0.53 to 257 mg ascorbic acid/100 g FW respectively. There were positive correlations between antioxidant activity (assessed by both ABTS and FRAP) and TP and ascorbic acid with the FRAP and ABTS methods. The edible part of banana passion fruits (P. tarminiana and P. mollisima) exhibited the highest values of antioxidant activity and total phenolics, while the highest level of ascorbic acid was recorded in the edible part of guava apple and cashew. The seeds with the highest values of antioxidant activity and total phenols were cashew, algarrobo, arazá and coastal sapote, while the peel of coastal sapote and algarrobo had the highest values of antioxidant activity and total phenolics. To the best of our knowledge, this paper reports the first evaluation of pulp, seed and skin of Colombian tropical fruits with a view to their knowledge utilization for the development of novel functional food products.