电沉积方式对Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层耐蚀性的影响

采用直流、单脉冲和换向脉冲三种不同电沉积方式在Q235钢表面电镀制备Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层。利用辉光放电光谱仪、形状测量激光显微系统、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱,研究了电沉积方式对镀层元素含量、沉积速率、3D形貌和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:按照直流、单脉冲和换向脉冲的顺序,镀层中镍含量减小,铬、锰含量增大,沉积速率先增大后减小,表面粗糙度降低,耐蚀性增强。直流方式制备的镀层表面存在个别较大的颗粒,单脉冲方式制备的镀层表面颗粒大小较为均匀,但仍存在个别较大颗粒,换向脉冲方式制备的镀层总体均匀致密。换向脉冲方式制备的镀层表面粗糙度最低,在3.5%NaCl溶液中,该镀层具有最大的腐蚀电位(-0.305 V)、最小的腐蚀电流密度(7.467×10~(-8)A·cm~(-2))和最大的电荷转移电阻(5972Ω·cm~2),耐蚀性最佳。     

柠檬酸铵浓度对脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层的影响

目的揭示柠檬酸铵浓度对脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层元素含量、沉积速率、表面形貌和耐蚀性的影响规律。方法采用脉冲电镀法在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层,利用辉光放电光谱仪、扫描电镜、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱考察柠檬酸铵浓度对镀层元素含量、沉积速率、表面形貌和耐蚀性的影响。结果随柠檬酸铵浓度的增大,镀层镍含量减小,铬、钼含量增大,镀层沉积速率减小,镀层表面颗粒的尺寸减小,镀层在3.5%Na Cl溶液中的耐蚀性先增强后减弱。结论柠檬酸铵质量浓度为196 g/L时,镀层具有最大的自腐蚀电位(-0.537 V)、最小的腐蚀电流密度(0.313μA/cm~2)和最大的电荷转移电阻(2075?·cm~2),耐蚀性最好。     

石墨烯粒径对Ni-Co-石墨烯复合镀层性能的影响

为了得到性能优异的复合镀层,在镀液中添加不同粒径的石墨烯,采用复合电沉积技术,制备了Ni-Co-石墨烯复合镀层。表征了镀层的表面形貌、相结构、显微硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性能,并同Ni-Co合金对比。结果显示,石墨烯很好地嵌入到了镀层中,而且石墨烯的存在并没有改变镀层基质的晶体结构;添加石墨烯提高了复合镀层的显微硬度(HV),最高可达8050 MPa;降低了复合镀层的摩擦系数,在一定程度上减少了粘着磨损的面积;复合镀层的自腐蚀电流密度为1.0905×10~(-5 )A/cm~2,低于Ni-Co合金镀层的自腐蚀电流密度1.8298×10~(-5 )A/cm~2。石墨烯的添加提高了复合镀层的硬度,耐磨性和耐蚀性。     

尿素含量对脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层的影响

采用脉冲电镀法在Q235钢表面制备了Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层。利用辉光放电光谱仪、扫描电镜、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱考察了尿素含量对镀层元素含量、沉积速率、表面形貌和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,随尿素含量的增大,镀层镍含量先增大后缓慢减小,铬含量先增大后减小、钼含量先减小后增大;镀层沉积速率先增大后减小;镀层表面颗粒尺寸减小;镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中耐蚀性先增强后减弱。尿素含量为60 g·L~(-1)时制备的镀层具有最大的自腐蚀电位(-0.535 V)、最小的腐蚀电流密度(0.123μA·cm~(-2))和最大的电荷转移电阻(2 550Ω·cm~2),耐蚀性最好。     

电沉积Ni-Sn-Mn非晶镀层镀液组分优化及耐蚀性

为了提高低碳钢在海洋环境中的耐蚀性,采用脉冲电沉积技术在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Sn-Mn合金镀层,通过正交试验方法对镀液组分进行优化。利用扫描电镜(SEM)及附带的能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等方法对镀层表面形貌、元素含量、相结构及耐蚀性进行分析。结果表明:脉冲电沉积Ni-SnMn镀层最优镀液组分为:10 g/L SnCl_2·2H_2O、55 g/L NiSO_4·6H_2O、50 g/L MnSO_4·H_2O和160 g/L Na_3C_6H_5O_7·2H_2O。最优镀液组分条件下制备的镀层为非晶态结构,镀层表面胞状颗粒均匀致密。镀层中Ni、Sn、Mn的质量分数分别为68.59%、21.57%、9.84%。与Ni-Sn镀层相比,Ni-Sn-Mn镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位(-0.346 V)更正,自腐蚀电流密度(2.816×10~(-8) A/cm~2)更低,电荷转移电阻(12 580Ω·cm~2)更大,耐蚀性更好。     

添加剂对脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层的影响

采用脉冲电镀法在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层。利用辉光放电光谱仪(GDS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS),考察了添加剂对镀层元素含量、沉积速率、镀层外观、表面形貌和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:随添加剂含量的增大,镀层中镍含量降低,铬、锰含量增加;沉积速率先增大后减小;镀层外观光亮度先升高后降低;晶粒尺寸先减小后增大;在3.5%Na Cl溶液中,镀层耐蚀性先增强后减弱。添加剂含量为10 ml/L时,镀层致密均匀,具有最大的腐蚀电位(-0.363 V)、最小的腐蚀电流密度(8.829×10-8A·cm~(-2))和最大的电荷转移电阻(2737Ω·cm~2),耐蚀性最好。     

碳钢管内表面化学镀Ni-P耐蚀层的研究

为了在Q235钢管内表面制备Ni-P化学镀层,以提高普通碳钢管道的耐蚀性,通过正交试验研究化学镀的镀液配方,并检测镀层的化学成分及其在盐水中的耐蚀性。研究表明:Q235钢管内表面制得的Ni-P化学镀层最佳配方为硫酸镍7.6×10~(-2)mol/L,次亚磷酸钠0.17 mol/L,柠檬酸钠3.4×10~(-2)mol/L,硫脲1.32×10~(-5)mol/L;镀层沉积速率为25.4μm/h,镀层硬度为747 HV;镀层中Fe、Ni和P元素的质量百分比分别为0.89%、85.63%和13.48%;在3.5%的NaCl溶液中镀层的自腐蚀电位为-0.62 V(SCE),自腐蚀电流密度为5.82×10~(-6)A/cm~2,比Q235钢的自腐蚀电流密度降低了98.1%。     

脉冲电沉积时间对Sn-Zn-Mn合金镀层的影响

为了提高低碳钢在海洋环境下的耐蚀性,采用脉冲电沉积技术在Q235钢表面成功沉积出Sn-Zn-Mn镀层。利用辉光放电光谱仪(GDS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、塔菲尔(Tafel)极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)考察了施镀时间对元素成分、镀速、表面形貌、阴极电流效率和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:随施镀时间的增加,w(Sn)和w(Zn)减小,w(Mn)增大;镀速和沉积电流效率呈先增大后减小的趋势;镀层胞状颗粒尺寸增大;耐蚀性先提高后降低。施镀时间为30 min时,所得Sn-Zn-Mn镀层表面平整光滑、组织均匀致密,在3.5%Na Cl腐蚀液中具有最正的E_(corr)值(-0.394 V)、最低的I_(corr)值(1.585×10~(-8)A·cm~(-2))和最大的R_(ct)值(8653Ω·cm~2),耐蚀性最好。     

脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层配位剂的研究

利用脉冲电镀方法在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层。采用辉光放电光谱仪、电化学工作站等设备,研究了不同的配位剂:甲酸铵、柠檬酸铵、复合配位剂A对Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层成分、沉积速率及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,三种不同的配位剂对Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层成分、沉积速率及耐蚀性的影响相同。随着配位剂含量的增加,镀层中Cr、Mn含量先升高后降低,Ni含量先降低后升高;然而沉积速率先升后降;复合配位剂A制备的Ni-Cr-Mn合金镀层,具有最小的腐蚀电流密度、最大的腐蚀电位,分别为9.374×10~(-8)A/cm~2、-0.288 V,耐蚀性更佳。     

pH值对脉冲电镀Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层的影响

采用脉冲电镀法在Q235钢表面制备Ni-Cr-Mo合金镀层。利用辉光放电光谱仪(GDS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、Tafel曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)考察了p H值对镀层元素含量、沉积速率、表面形貌和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:随着p H值的增大,镀层中镍含量先减小后增大,铬先增大后减小,钼含量减小;镀层沉积速率先增大后减小;在3.5%Na Cl溶液中,镀层耐蚀性先增强后减弱。p H值为3.5时,镀层均匀致密,具有最大的自腐蚀电位(-0.535V)、最小的腐蚀电流密度(0.123μA·cm~(-2))和最大的电荷转移电阻(2550Ω·cm~2),此时镀层耐蚀性最好。     

含稀土镀液电沉积镍镀层耐蚀性的研究

借用扫描电镜、电化学分析和腐蚀失重实验方法研究了镀液中添加RE经直流和单向脉冲电沉积方法制备的镍镀层的耐蚀性。结果表明：单向脉冲法制备的镍镀层抗腐蚀能力优于直流法制备的镍镀层抗腐蚀能力，其原因主要归于单向脉冲镀层结晶比较细小致密，直流镀层结晶较粗大且致密性差。     

稀土对电沉积镍基合金镀层组织和耐蚀性的影响

针对提高镍基合金镀层性能问题,采用单脉冲电沉积法制备镍基合金镀层,并用扫描电镜、电化学和失重法研究了镀液中添加稀土元素对镍基合金镀层的组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明：镀液中添加适量的稀土能细化镍基合金镀层组织,使镀层表面平整致密,有效地提高镀层的耐蚀性能。     

Preparation and corrosion behavior of electrodeposited Ni–TiN composite coatings

Ni–TiN composite coatings were successfully prepared by direct current (DC), pulse current (PC) and ultrasonic pulse current (UPC) deposition methods. The morphology, mechanical properties and the corrosion behavior of Ni–TiN composite coatings were investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and gravimetric analysis. The results show that the Ni–TiN composite coatings synthesized by UPC deposition method possess a compact and exiguous surface morphology. The XRD results demonstrate that the average grain diameter of Ni and TiN in composite coating prepared by UPC deposition is 52.6 and 35.7 nm, respectively. In the corrosion tests, the coating prepared by UPC deposition exhibits the best corrosion resistance, whereas the coating fabricated by DC deposition suffers the most serious damage.     

AZ91镁合金脉冲电沉积Ni-SiC纳米复合涂层的磨损与腐蚀性能

为了改善AZ91镁合金的表面性能,在含0-15g／LSiC纳米颗粒的改进的瓦特槽中,采用脉冲电沉积得到不同SiC含量的Ni-SiC纳米复合涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究涂层的形貌,采用能谱仪（EDs）测试涂层的SiC含量。从15g／LSiC槽中电沉积得到的样品,其涂层的显微硬度提高了600％。采用动电位极化法研究包覆AZ91镁合金的腐蚀行为。结果表明,样品的耐腐蚀性能明显提高,即腐蚀电流密度从未包覆样品的0．13mA／cm2降低到槽中含15∥LSiC电沉积包覆样品的1．74x101mA／cm2,腐蚀电位从未包覆样品的-1．6V增加到槽中电沉积包覆样品的-0．31V。使用盘销摩擦测试仪评估了包覆和未包覆样品的耐磨性能,包覆样品的磨损量比未包覆的小8倍。     

Microstructure and properties of nanocrystalline nickel coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition

The fabrication of nanocrystalline nickel coatings was conducted by pulse jet electrodeposition on the substrate of 45# carbon steel. The effects of average current density on the surface morphology, microstructure, average grain size and microhardness of nickel coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and microhardness measurement. In addition, the corrosion resistances of coating and substrate were compared. It is revealed that the nickel coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition exhibit a fine-grained structure with a smooth surface and a high density, although some pores and defects are still present in coatings. With the increase of average current density, the average grain size of nickel coatings is reduced at first and then increased. The coating with the optimum compactness, the smallest average grain size (13.7 nm) and the highest microhardness are obtained at current density of 39.8 A/dm2. The corrosion resistance is obviously increased for the coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition; however, the corrosion rate is increased after a certain period due to the penetration of the corrosive media.     

电沉积方式对Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层性能的影响

目的通过研究电沉积方式对Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层性能的影响,进而改善Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层的性能。方法采用直流电沉积和脉冲电沉积分别制备Ni和Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层,使用扫描电镜和能谱仪研究镀层的表面形貌和成分,通过测量施镀前后镀件质量差计算沉积速率,采用硬度计测量了镀层的硬度,利用极化曲线和电化学阻抗方法研究镀层在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,分析了直流电沉积方式和脉冲电沉积方式对镀层各项性能的影响。结果脉冲电沉积方式制备的Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层的表面形貌更加致密、均匀、光滑,镀层硬度为616.3HV,自腐蚀电流为9.56×10~(-6) A,比直流电沉积制备的Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层的硬度和耐蚀性能均有所提高。结论电沉积方式对复合镀层的性能有很大影响,脉冲电沉积方式制备的Ni-SiC纳米复合镀层具有更好的性能。     

Corrosion behaviour and characterisation of Ni–Nb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript> composites prepared by pulse electrodeposition

The Ni–Nb₂O₅ composites were prepared by pulse electrodeposition method. Operating variables were optimized for getting a good deposit. The quantity of Nb₂O₅ particles in the coating was analyzed by an energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction spectrometer. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the structure and surface morphology of the coatings. Texture coefficient and hardness of the deposits were determined and discussed. The corrosion behavior of the coatings was analyzed by traditional weight loss and electrochemical methods. Comparisons of the corrosion behaviour of coatings obtained by direct current (DC) and pulse current (PC) were investigated.     

电沉积结合包埋渗制备复合涂层的高温氧化行为

为了提高铌合金的高温抗氧化性能,首先采用阴极匀速旋转电沉积法在铌合金表面制备了钼层,然后通过包埋渗硅获得硅化物复合涂层。研究了沉积态钼层和硅化物涂层的形成和微观组织结构,对比分析了有或无涂层C103合金的高温氧化行为。结果表明,阴极匀速旋转法使沉积的电流效率提高一倍多,钼层呈胞状结构、以非晶形式存在。经包埋渗硅后,生成了表层以MoSi2为主、中间层为NbSi2的复合涂层,涂层与基体结合良好。经1200 ℃氧化后,涂层试样的氧化抛物线速率常数分别为1.83×10-2 mg2cm-4h-1、8.08 mg2cm-4h-1,与之相比,裸合金的氧化抛物线速率常数则为5.87×103 mg2cm-4h-1,而且仅氧化10 h裸合金即出现了严重粉化;在高温氧化过程中,复合涂层表面生成SiO2垢层,具有优良的抗高温氧化性能。     

45#钢Cr-N包埋共渗涂层的组织特征及形成机理

目的研究在45~#钢表面包埋共渗沉积Cr_2N涂层提高其耐蚀性的可行性。方法采用包渗法,对在1100℃下保温不同时间,得到不同时期的氮铬共渗涂层。利用扫描电镜及能谱仪、X射线衍射仪研究氮铬共渗层的微观组织及其生长机制,利用极化曲线评估涂层耐蚀性能。结果 45~#钢氮铬包埋共渗在保温4 h时可获得最佳涂层,涂层组织为Cr_2N层(约15μm)、Cr的沉积层(约10μm)、Cr的扩散层(约15μm)。Cr_2N层呈现强烈的(002)晶面择优取向;Cr沉积层为Fe-Cr合金及铬的碳化物相(Cr_7C_3,Cr_3C_2)。在模拟燃料电池腐蚀液中,45~#钢、45涂层样品、304不锈钢自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流分别为-0.521 V和230.63μA·cm~(-2),-0.448 V和10.89μA·cm~(-2),-0.299 V和5.26μA·cm~(-2)。当腐蚀电位高于0.3 V时,涂层样品会二次钝化,腐蚀电流低至1.43μA·cm~(-2)。结论沉积Cr_2N的45~#钢样品相对原样其耐蚀性有很大提高,并且当腐蚀电位达到0.3 V以上时,其耐蚀性能优于304不锈钢。     

The correlation among deposition parameters,structure and corrosion behaviour of ZnNi/nano-SiC composite coating deposited by pulsed and pulsed reverse current

The present work shows how the parameters of pulsed current (PC) deposition affect structural and morphological characteristics of electrodeposited ZnNi/nano-SiC composite coating and its corrosion properties. In this regard, ZnNi coatings containing SiC nanoparticles were electrodeposited from chloride bath by PC and pulsed reverse current (PRC) methods, and the effect of duty cycle, frequency and reverse current density were studied. With low and high duty cycles the SiC content of the coating was more than the coating deposited by medium duty cycle. Changing the duty cycle affected the coating composition, structure and morphology. Elevation of the pulse frequency increased SiC content of the coating. Application of PRC produced a coating with a complex and dendritic structure. In most of the electrodeposition conditions, in addition to direct effects of PC on coatings characteristics, it was seen that the more SiC was deposited in the coating the less Ni was deposited, and this also affected the corrosion behaviour. The best corrosion resistance behaviour was shown by coatings with more compact structure and less porosity.