法兰盘黑纹缺陷分析

针对法兰盘加工面上出现的黑纹缺陷，采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针等测试方法对其进行了分析。结果表明，黑纹缺陷是由聚集分布的硫化锰夹杂物及富磷的铁素体组成的偏析带。     

Sleep Responses to Light and Dark Are Shaped by Early Experience.

Light regulates sleep timing through circadian entrapment and by eliciting acute changes in behavior. These behaviors are mediated by the subcortical visual system, retinorecipient nuclei distinct from the geniculocortical system. To test the hypothesis that early visual experience shapes light regulation of behavior, the authors recorded sleep in albino rats reared in continuous dark, continuous light, or a 12-hr light-dark cycle. Dark rearing strengthened and light rearing weakened acute responses to light, including light modulation of REM sleep, a marker for pretectal function in albino rats. However, neither dark nor light rearing altered daily amounts of wakefulness, non-REM sleep, or REM sleep. Thus, light and dark rearing might differentially affect the balance between acute and circadian responses to light that, in concert, govern sleep timing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Previous experience affects subsequent anxiety-like responses in rats bred for novelty seeking.

Novelty-seeking behavior in rats is deemed to model sensation seeking in humans, a personality trait related to some psychiatric conditions, including substance abuse. Animals characterized based on their locomotor response to novelty, namely high and low responders (HRs and LRs, respectively), show differences in anxiety and drug-taking behaviors. This study evaluates the effect of anxiety-provoking situations on subsequent behaviors in these endophenotypes. Selectively bred HR and LR rats were submitted to blocks of tests consisting of two-trial light- dark (LD) and two-trial elevated plus maze (EPM) tests arranged in counterbalanced, alternating order. No differences in anxiety-like behaviors were found in HR-bred and LR-bred rats in either LD trial, regardless of the test order. Repeated exposure to the EPM test, however, resulted in enhanced behavioral response under different test orders as a function of endophenotype. Compared with HR-bred animals, LR-bred animals exhibited increased anxiety on reexposure to EPM but only if both trials were preceded by an LD test session. The emotional responses in HR-bred and LR-bred rats reported here may reflect different degrees of adaptive processing regulated by both genetic and environmental factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

冷轧钢板退火碳黑缺陷的研究

探讨了冷轧钢板碳黑形成机理，制定出避免碳黑产生的具体方案和合理的吹氢工艺，采取的改进罩式退火炉生产设备，特别是保护罩内壁积碳的清除工艺，为国内冷轧厂首次试验成功，并在鞍钢冷轧厂退火过程中首次实施。     

On the detectability of Galactic dark matter annihilation into monochromatic gamma-rays

Monochromatic y-rays are thought to be the smoking gun signal for identifying dark matter annihilation. However, the flux of monochromatic y-rays is usually suppressed by virtual quantum effects since dark matter should be neutral and does not couple with     

新型全热滑轨在轧钢加热炉上的开发应用

推钢式加热炉普遍存在着钢坯加热黑印严重的现象,而全热滑轨在轧钢方坯加热炉上使用易造成推钢故障,影响安全生产。介绍一种新型全热滑轨的设计与成功应用,能避免滑轨故障,提高钢坯加热质量和轧制节奏,具有较高的应用推广价值。     

金银花、山楂、乌梅、复合汁饮料的研制

以金银花、山楂、乌梅、白砂糖、柠檬酸为主要原料,经调配、灌装、杀菌等工艺研制一种新型复合汁饮料,并考查了添加不同亲水胶体对复合汁饮料稳定性的影响。结果表明,通过L16（45）正交试验确定了复合汁饮料的最佳配方：金银花汁20%、山楂汁25%、乌梅汁35%、白砂糖8%、柠檬酸0.1%。将不同亲水胶体添加于复合汁中,结果发现结冷胶、卡拉胶和耐酸性CMC对复合汁饮料的稳定效果较好,其中0.02%（w/v）结冷胶和0.10%（w/v）耐酸性CMC的协同作用最佳,悬浮稳定性最高。该产品酸甜适中,均匀一致,具有金银花、     

纳米多相金属结构尖端分析方法(四)

首先叙述了衍射衬比度法及与其表里一致关系的电子衍射。其次,叙述最近电子显微镜情况与暗场像观察中的注意事项。最后,对分析纳米多相结构的有效空心光锥照明暗场像及其特征,作一介绍。     

A Monte Carlo study for the shielding of γ backgrounds induced by radionuclides for CDEX

The CDEX （China Dark matter EXperiment） Collaboration will carry out a direct search for WIMPs （Weakly Interacting Massive Particles） using an Ultra-Low Energy Threshold High Purity Germanium （ULE-HPGe） detector at the CJPL （China JinPing deep underground     

步进式加热炉钢坯表面缺陷的研究

钢坯在步进式加热炉内加热的过程,容易在表面形成一层氧化铁皮,氧化铁皮脱落在水梁垫块上形成积瘤,使钢坯步进时在下表面形成凹坑,严重影响钢坯轧制成钢轨后的质量,在钢轨表面形成轧疤、粘连的氧化铁皮、凹坑等缺陷,如何降低加热炉对钢坯表面质量的影响,是产品成材率的关键因素之一。     

无取向电工钢线状表面缺陷分析

采用扫描电镜观察了W600冷轧无取向电工钢表面"黑线"和纵向发裂缺陷的形貌。成品带钢表面"黑线"缺陷的成因是连续退火炉均热段(SF段)内炉辊结瘤划伤带钢下表面,高温下异物嵌入划伤处,并被涂层覆盖;冷硬带钢和成品带钢纵向发裂缺陷则是连铸坯中的铝酸盐复合夹杂物在热轧、冷轧过程中由于变形而破碎并被压出至表面导致的。为了减少"黑线"缺陷,要定期更换碳套辊;将通入H2+N2+H2O湿混合气由原来的6段通入改为4段,并将各段的炉温上限调整为880℃。为减少纵向发裂缺陷,在精炼及连铸工序严格控制钢中夹杂物,保证结晶器内液面波动在±3 mm～±5 mm。     

Nature’s clocks and human mood: The circadian system modulates reward motivation.

Existing literature on reward motivation pays scant attention to the fact that reward potential of the environment varies dramatically with the light/dark cycle. Evolution, by contrast, treats this fact very seriously: In all species, the circadian system is adapted to optimize the daily rhythm of environmental engagement. We used 3 standard protocols to demonstrate that human reward motivation, as measured in the dynamics of positive affect (PA), is modulated endogenously by the circadian clock. Under naturalistic conditions, 13.0% of PA variance was explained by a 24-hr sinusoid. In a constant routine protocol, 25.0% of PA variance was explained by the unmasked circadian rhythm in core body temperature (CBT). A forced desynchrony study showed PA to align with CBT in exhibiting circadian periodicity independent of a 28-hr sleep/wake cycle. It is concluded that the circadian system modulates reward activation, and implications for models of normal and abnormal mood are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reflections on the "unknown" in psychotherapy.

Suggests that "darkness" (in contrast to and in alternation with "light") is useful as a metaphor for representing ever-recurring periods in dynamic psychotherapy during which the therapist does not and cannot know what is occurring in the work with his/her patient. Such unfathomable "dark" periods are a fertile matrix from which central meanings in a patient's life will emerge, provided the therapist does not interfere with their unfolding. However, these "dark" periods are anxiety provoking for the therapist and often result in anxiety-instigated, growth-deflecting efforts at prediction and control. Clinical vignettes are presented to illustrate the inevitable rhythm of alternation in therapy between "darkness" and "light," the imponderability of various key therapeutic events, and the therapist's struggles with these issues. (1 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Contrasting activity patterns of two related octopus species, Octopus macropus and Octopus vulgaris.

Octopus macropus and Octopus vulgaris have overlapping habitats and are exposed to similar temporal changes. Whereas the former species is described as nocturnal in the field, there are conflicting reports about the activity time of the latter one. To compare activity patterns, the authors tested both species in the laboratory. Octopuses were exposed to a light-dark cycle and held under constant dim light for 7 days each. O. macropus showed nocturnal and light-cued activity. According to casual observations, O. vulgaris started out nocturnal but had switched to mostly diurnal when the experiment began. Individual variation of its activity was found. The different activity patterns of O. macropus and O. vulgaris might reflect their lifestyles, the latter species being more generalist. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Early visual experience affects postnatal auditory responsiveness in bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus).

Results from 6 experiments suggest perinatal visual experience interferes with postnatal auditory responsiveness in bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Light- or dark-reared control chicks responded similarly to bobwhite maternal Calls A or B following hatching. Light-reared chicks that experienced 10 min/hr of Call A or B from hatching until testing preferred the familiar call at Days 2-4, but dark-reared chicks preferred the familiar call at all ages. Increased amounts of exposure to maternal calls during postnatal Days 1-2 led to auditory responsiveness deficits in light-reared chicks. Similarly, embryos exposed to 10 min/hr of prenatal visual cues required 48 hr of postnatal Call A or B exposure to demonstrate auditory discrimination. These findings highlight the linkages between developing auditory and visual systems during infancy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Divided attention, memory, and spatial discrimination in food-storing and nonstoring birds, black-capped chickadees ( Poecile atricapilla) and dark-eyed Juncos ( Junco hyemalis).

Food-storing birds, black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapilla), and nonstoring birds, dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), matched color or location on a touch screen. Both species showed a divided attention effect for color but not for location (Experiment 1). Chickadees performed better on location than on color with retention intervals up to 40 s, but juncos did not (Experiment 2). Increasing sample-distractor distance improved performance similarly in both species. Multidimensional scaling revealed that both use a Euclidean metric of spatial similarity (Experiment 3). When choosing between the location and color of a remembered item, food storers choose location more than do nonstorers. These results explain this effect by differences in memory for location relative to color, not division of attention or spatial discrimination ability. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Frederick A. Mote (1907-1982).

This obituary describes the career and contributions to psychology of Frederick A. Mote, PhD. Dr. Mote received his PhD from Brown University, where he returned from teaching psychology at the University of Connecticut to work on a National Defense Research Council contract until the end of World War II. In his position as senior psychophysiologist he was involved in development of new selection and classification tests for navy personnel, as well as with research on application of stereoscopic perception in design of equipment for navy operators. During these years he was also doing fundamental research on the role of reinforcement in acquisition and extinction of simple instrumental responses in animals--research which eventuated in a series of publications, some with his colleague and good friend, Frank Finger. After the war, Dr. Mote reentered academic teaching where he was promoted to professor at the University of Wisconsin in 1952 and conducted studies on determinants of dark adaptation in human vision. In 1955, Dr. Mote became chair of the Psychology Department, and served through 1959. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

二次硬化钢用纯铁的冶炼技术

介绍了二次硬化钢用高纯度纯铁的冶炼技术,阐述了超低磷、低硫、低硅、低锰、低铝、低钛纯铁的冶炼控制方法.     

Low cycle fatigue estimation of low yield point steel

With the development of technology for earthquake resistant,the research of the low yield point(LYP) steel which used for the fabrication of energy dissipation damper were paid more and more attention.The common studies of the low yield point steel is mainly about the performance with constant amplitude and constant frequency.The low cycle fatigue properties of low yield piont steel were studied by series of test with continuous varying amplitude and varying frequency with the materials testing system by us.The test results showed that low yield point steel of Baosteel have excellent low cycle fatigue properties,which meet the requirement for steel used for the fabrication of energy dissipation damper completely.The low cycle fatigue performance of low yield point steel of Baosteel mainly depended on the amplitude in test.And the effect of varying frequency for the low yield point steel was more less than varying amplitude.     

武钢CSP低碳低硅低硫钢控硫方案探讨

针对今后武钢CSP厂生产低碳低硅低硫钢的难点,分析低碳低硅低硫钢的难点及转炉回硫的多种因素,探讨今后武钢CSP厂生产低碳低硅低硫钢的控硫方案。