硐室监测研究方法在工程中的应用

介绍了地下高墙大跨度硐室施工中改进的测杆及监测方法和研究方法及在工程中的应用。     

浅谈剧场空调送风方式

介绍了目前剧院工程中观众厅所采用的上送下回、诱导空调椅送风和置换通风等气流组织形式的特点以及舞台、后舞台、台仓空调送风方式。     

The nervous system in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms

The involvement of the nervous system in SSc is well recognized today. Different pathogenetic mechanisms are suggested that may alternatively explain the multiform appearance of the clinical spectrum (mononeuritis, mononeuritis multiplex, carpal tunnel syndrome, and so forth). It is now clear that the ANS is the earliest structure targeted by the disease in the gastrointestinal tract. The importance of this observation has not yet been adequately interpreted but may, together with the increasing evidence of the nervous system involvement in SSc, become a leading factor in understanding of the importance of the nervous system in the onset, development, and maintenance of the disease.     

不稳固岩层中掘进巷道的锚喷支护技术分析

文章分析了湖南锡矿山采选厂在长龙界页岩这种不稳固岩层中所掘巷道的破坏模式与原因,对巷道断面型式如何进行选择,说明了在实际工程中通过采取锚喷支护的技术,调整了围岩中的应力分布和抑制其变形发展,提高了围岩的自承能力和维持稳定,经过锚喷支护后达到了稳定状态的岩体,具有长期工作的可靠性,岩体的稳定性得到了明显改善而取得的效果,保证了巷道的施工安全,确保了掘进进度与正常生产。     

隧道初支合理支护时机确定方法及其工程应用

将岩体破坏接近度指标(FAI)引入隧道支护设计，明确了围岩临界支护时机判别准则。基于有限差分数值计算程序，合理考虑岩体峰后应变软化特性，建立了一种隧道最优支护时机确定方法。通过算例分析，定量探讨了表征支护时机的重要参数，从工程角度阐释了支护时机的本质意义。结果表明:岩体地质强度指标GSI由75减小至25时，支护时机提前8.32 m；岩石材料常数m_i由20减小至10时，支护时机提前5.85 m；岩石单轴抗压强度σ_ci由80 MPa减小至40 MPa时，支护时机提前3.74 m；工程扰动参数D由0增加至0.8时，支护时机提前7.44 m。将建立方法在玉渡山隧道工程中进行应用，计算出研究区段的支护时机为3.3 m，经现场监测表明该方法有效、可行。该研究成果可为隧道支护体系的量化设计提供参考。      

那林金矿地应力与井巷稳固性的关系探讨

介绍了广西凤山那林金矿开采低品位、倾斜、矿体中厚并赋存于破碎带中的卡林型矿床,实践证明只能采用无底柱分段崩落采矿法,在试验和生产中遇到的各方面围岩稳固性问题,如在矿体掘进之巷道完成时间不长便可能发生变形破坏,即使采用喷锚网支护其稳定时间也不可能超过3～4 个月,崩落法形成的采空区存在时间不长或者暴露面积不大将会发生大规模冒落,虽然其采用平硐开拓且开采深度≤150 m,但足以证明矿床形成时地质构造残余应力较大导致井巷稳固性较差。矿山正常生产时建议以便掌握地应力与井巷稳固性客观规律,为矿山生产服务,变被动为主动,变自然为自由,以达到安全、高效、经济地开发矿产资源之目的。     

In favor of annual screening for cancer of the cervix uteri

A case of polymyalgia rheumatica with atypical manifestations, including carpal tunnel syndrome, distal myalgias and a low eritro sedimentation is reported. The association of polymyalgia rheumatica and carpal tunnel syndrome is controversial. Although it has been reported previously in a recent and large review of carpal tunnel syndrome in Rochester, USA, there was not any more cases of polymyalgia rheumatica associated with carpal tunnel syndrome than in the general population. In our patient, the symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica and of carpal tunnel syndrome were present at the beginning, and both responded satisfactorally to the treatment with methylprednisone. This form of presentation and its response to treatment suggest that the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome are caused by the inflammation of the carpal synovial, which is an unfrequent manifestation of polymyalgia rheumatica. We report this case for the purpose of altering to an unusual form of presentation of polymyalgia rheumatica in order to avoid unnecessary surgery for the carpal tunnel syndrome.     

The relationship between work values similarity and team–member and leader–member exchange relationships.

Residence hall advisor teams and hall directors were surveyed to investigate the relationship of work values and actual and perceived similarity on these values with leader–member exchange (LMX) and team–member exchange (TMX). Demographic attributes were also investigated. Results showed that perceived similarity on the Protestant work ethic and preference for the work environment were positively related to LMX and that actual values and demographic attributes were not. TMX was positively related to actual similarity on several values but not to perceived similarity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of three counseling center referral sources in terms of their rating of the appropriateness of potential helpers.

Random samples of residence hall personnel, faculty, and students were compared on their ratings of 7 potential campus helpers on 7 typical student problems. Properly completed questionnaires were returned from 68 students, 43 faculty, and 36 student residence hall personnel. Discriminant analyses and within-group orthogonal t tests for the student sample indicated that (a) these 3 groups differentiate potential helpers in terms of the problem presented, (b) these groups have significantly different opinions as to the appropriateness of various helpers for a problem or groups of problems, and (c) the student does not see a "friend" as the best helper for all problem situations. Further research was suggested to determine the basis these groups have for evaluating the appropriateness of various helpers. (8 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ethical considerations of the home office.

The home office has a long tradition in psychoanalysis, based somewhat on the mistaken belief that Freud actually practiced out of his living quarters. The reality is that he practiced out of a completely separate apartment across the hall. This article examines the analyst's motivations for having a home office, as well as the potential impact of having one on the analyst's patients and own family. The home office is considered as fertile ground for acting out by both analyst and patient, and the corresponding ethical issues are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The vascularization of the common synovial sheath and the tendons of the flexor muscles of the carpal tunnel

The detailed anatomy of the tendon apparatus, the blood supply of the superficial (FDS) and profundus (FDP) flexor muscles and the blood supply of the common synovial sheath in the carpal tunnel were studied on 200 hundred upper extremities from fresh human cadavers. The injection of coloured latex or the aqueous solution of India ink and gelatin revealed a complex arterial network. Dissection of the carpal tunnel revealed the existence of different sources of the blood supply of the tendons of the flexor muscles and carpal sheath. The different sources and zones of vascularization are described. This study concerns the synovial and tendinous apparatus of the flexor muscles as well as their blood supply in the carpal tunnel. These data may be of interest hand surgeons.     

Tunnel crossing fibers and their synaptic connections within the inner hair cell region in the organ of corti in the maturing mouse

Combined ultrastructural and immunocytochemical studies reveal that in the adolescent 12- to 17-day-old mouse the afferent tunnel crossing fibers that innervate outer hair cells receive synaptic contacts from three distinct sources: the GABAergic fibers (GABA = gamma-aminobutyric acid) of the lateral olivocochlear bundle, the non-GABAergic efferent tunnel crossing fibers, and the inner hair cells themselves. The GABAergic fibers give off collaterals that synapse with the afferent tunnel fibers as they cross the inner hair cell region. These collaterals also form synapses with afferent radial dendrites that are synaptically engaged with the inner hair cells. Vesiculated varicosities of non-GABAergic efferent tunnel fibers also synapse upon the outer spiral afferents. Most of this synaptic activity occurs within the inner pillar bundle. Distinctive for this region are synaptic aggregations in which several neuronal elements and inner hair cells are sequentially interconnected. Finally, most unexpected were the afferent ribbon synapses that inner hair cells-formed en passant on the shafts of the apparent afferent tunnel fibers. The findings indicate that: (1) the afferent tunnel (i.e., outer spiral) fibers may be postsynaptic to both the inner and the outer hair cells; (2) the non-GABAergic efferent and the afferent tunnel fibers form extensive synaptic connections before exiting the inner pillar bundle; (3) the GABAergic component of the lateral olivocochlear system modulates synaptically both radial and outer spiral afferents.     

论埋藏深度对隧洞围岩与衬砌应力的影响

隧洞开挖引起的围岩应力重新分布和应力集中是导致围岩失稳破坏的根本作用力。在理论分析的基础上,以圆形隧洞为研究对象,应用FLAC3D程序进行数值模拟,分析了埋藏深度对隧洞围岩与衬砌应力的影响规律,为隧洞建设与维护提供科学的理论指导。     

石英砂岩体的地质雷达波频谱特征

经过岩土体介质反射回的地质雷达波特征携带了所穿透的岩土体内部的相关信息,其中地质雷达波频谱主频值可以作为判断岩土体结构特征的一个定量指标.以围岩为石英砂岩的公路隧道工程为依托,采用MALA地质雷达配100 MHz屏蔽天线,对隧道掌子面前方的石英砂岩体进行超前地质探测试验,分析典型的Ⅴ级、Ⅳ级和Ⅲ级石英砂岩围岩的雷达波形图图像特征和雷达波在岩体介质中传播的傅里叶频谱特征.通过分析现场试验数据,得出岩体介质的雷达波主频值因自身结构特征和周边环境变化而在一定的敏感频率区间内的规律.对比分析研究结果与工程开挖实际,表明通过分析超前地质探测获得的雷达波傅里叶频谱主频值特征来反演识别围岩结构特征是切实可行的.      

Centrifuge Modeling of Seismically Induced Uplift for the BART Transbay Tube

The BART Transbay Tube (TBT) is an immersed cut-and-cover subway tunnel that runs from Oakland to San Francisco, California. The loose sand and gravel backfills placed around the tunnel are considered to be liquefiable, and the clays under the backfill are soft in some zones along the alignment. These conditions could potentially result in uplift of the tunnel during strong earthquake shaking. This paper describes centrifuge model tests performed to verify numerical methods used to assess the stability and to evaluate the potential uplift mechanisms of the TBT. The observed mechanisms of uplift were a ratcheting mechanism (sand migrating under the tunnel with each cycle of relative movement), a pore water migration mechanism (water flowing under the tunnel), and a bottom heave mechanism, involving soft soils below the base of the trench. A fourth potential mechanism, viscous flow of liquefied soil, was not observed. The volume of the tunnel relative to the volume of the trench and the densities and permeabilities of the nonhomogeneous backfill were important parameters affecting the uplift of the tunnel. From the experiments reported here and analyses reported by the designers, it was concluded that the magnitude of uplift is limited and, hence, that an expensive ground improvement project to densify the backfill was unwarranted.     

Examples of recapitulation of the phylogenetic stages of development of the wakefulness-sleep cycle in mammalian ontogenesis

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the ulnar nerve and the cubital tunnel during flexion of the elbow with use of magnetic resonance imaging and measurements of intraneural and extraneural interstitial pressure. Twenty specimens from human cadavera were studied with the elbow in positions of incremental flexion. With use of magnetic resonance imaging, cross-sectional images were made at each of three anatomical regions of the cubital tunnel: the medial epicondyle, deep to the cubital tunnel aponeurosis, and deep to the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. The cross-sectional areas of the cubital tunnel and the ulnar nerve were calculated and compared for different positions of elbow flexion. Interstitial pressures were measured with use of ultrasonographic imaging to allow a minimally invasive method of placement of the pressure catheter, both within the cubital tunnel and four centimeters proximal to it, at 10-degree increments from 0 to 130 degrees of elbow flexion. As the elbow was moved from full extension to 135 degrees of flexion, the mean cross-sectional area of the three regions of the cubital tunnel decreased by 30, 39, and 41 per cent and the mean area of the ulnar nerve decreased by 33, 50, and 34 per cent. These changes were significant in all three regions of the cubital tunnel (p < 0.05). The greatest changes occurred in the region beneath the aponeurosis of the cubital tunnel with the elbow at 135 degrees of flexion. The mean intraneural pressure within the cubital tunnel was significantly higher than the mean extraneural pressure when the elbow was flexed 90, 100, 110, and 130 degrees (p < 0.05). With the elbow flexed 130 degrees, the mean intraneural pressure was 45 per cent higher than the mean extraneural pressure (p < 0.001). Similarly, with the elbow flexed 120 degrees or more, the mean intraneural pressure four centimeters proximal to the cubital tunnel was significantly higher than the mean extraneural pressure (p < 0.01). Relative to their lowest values, intraneural pressure increased at smaller angles of flexion than did extraneural pressure, both within the cubital tunnel and proximal to it. With the numbers available, we could not detect any significant difference in intraneural pressure measured, either at the level of the cubital tunnel or four centimeters proximal to it, after release of the aponeurotic roof of the cubital tunnel.     

盾构机液压系统及其热平衡计算

介绍了盾构机液压系统的组成部分以及各部分的重要职能,并对某盾构机的热平衡进行了计算.盾构机是一种挖掘隧道的工程机械,由于它可以在艰难的环境下安全工作而被广泛用于隧道挖掘、地铁工程等,是城市建设的重要工具,而液压系统是盾构机的主要驱动的方式,液压系统的优劣直接影响着盾构机的工作性能.     

架后充填机理与软岩巷道围岩变形的控制能力研究

通过对软岩巷道U形钢支架后部进行充填的试验效果、作用机理的分析，证明架后充填可以显著地提高U形钢支架对软岩巷道围岩变形的控制能力，有利于巷道稳定。     

The effect of femoral tunnel position and graft tensioning technique on posterior laxity of the posterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee

We report the effects of femoral tunnel position and graft tensioning technique on posterior laxity of the posterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knee. An isometric femoral tunnel site was located using a specially designed alignment jig. Additional femoral tunnel positions were located 5 mm proximal and distal to the isometric femoral tunnel. With the graft in the proximal femoral tunnel, graft tension decreased as the knee flexed; with the graft in the distal femoral tunnel, graft tension increased as the knee flexed. When the graft was placed in the isometric femoral tunnel, a nearly isometric graft tension was maintained between 0 degrees and 90 degrees of knee flexion. One technique tested was tensioning the graft at 90 degrees of knee flexion while applying an anterior drawer force of 156 N to the tibia. This technique restored statistically normal posterior stability to the posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee between 0 degrees and 90 degrees for the distal femoral tunnel position, between 0 degrees and 75 degrees for the isometric tunnel position, and between 0 degrees and 45 degrees for the proximal tunnel position. When the graft was tensioned with the knee in full extension and without the application of an anterior drawer force, posterior translation of the reconstructed knee was significantly different from that of the intact knee between 15 degrees and 90 degrees for all femoral tunnel positions.     

现代公共厅堂室内环境设计的体会

介绍现代公共厅堂设计的几个趋势，结合实例着重探讨现代化手段在创造满足人的精神和生理需求的室内环境中的应用。