液相色谱-串联质谱法检测火锅底料中罂粟壳

研究建立火锅底料中非法添加罂粟壳的液相色谱-串联质谱测定法。采用水提取,乙腈和无水醋酸钠萃取罂粟壳中的生物碱分,液质联用进行检测,采用色谱柱SHISEIDO CAPCELL PAK CR1∶4(5μm,2.0×150 mm)色谱分离,流动相为乙酸铵:乙腈(50∶50),0.5%甲酸为A相,乙腈为流动相B相。该方法的检出限为1 ng/mL,方法定量下限吗啡为37μg/kg,可待因、罂粟碱、蒂巴因和那可丁为1μg/kg,线性范围为1 ng/m～40 ng/mL,加标回收率64.2%～101.1%。该方法测定火锅底料罂粟碱中吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因5种生物碱的含量快速、准确,适合于火锅调味料食品中罂粟壳的检测。     

亲水作用液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定食品中罂粟壳的生物碱残留

目的建立亲水作用液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定食品中的罂粟壳残留生物碱的分析方法。方法样品中的罂粟壳成分采用优化后的Qu ECh ERS方法进行提取,BEH HILIC色谱柱分离(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),最后采用串联质谱仪对吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、那可丁及蒂巴因进行检测。结果吗啡、可待因在2.0~100ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在0.10~5.0 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好。平均加标回收率(n=6)在70%~120%之间,相对标准偏差小于12%。吗啡、可待因、粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因的检出限分别为10、10、3.8、3.8、7.5μg/kg。结论该方法简便、快速、灵敏,可用于食品中残留罂粟壳成分的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定调味料中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、那可丁和罂粟碱残留量

目的：建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定调味料中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、那可丁和罂粟碱残留量的分析方法。方法：样品用水分散、乙腈超声提取，经盐析、低温高速离心分层后，样液于40℃水浴氮吹近干，用10%乙腈溶液(含0.1%甲酸)溶解残渣，再经低温高速离心、过膜上机测定；以Kinetex^? 2.6μm Biphenyl 100?色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm)分离，0.1%甲酸-水和0.1%甲酸-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱，电喷雾电离(ESI),正离子模式，多反应监测(MRM)下检测，吗啡、可待因用内标法定量，蒂巴因、那可丁、罂粟碱用外标法定量。结果：吗啡、可待因在0.5～20.0 ng/mL,蒂巴因在0.10～4.0 ng/mL,那可丁、罂粟碱在0.05～2.0 ng/mL范围内均有良好的线性关系，相关系数r均大于0.998。吗啡、可待因的方法检出限为1.0μg/kg,蒂巴因的方法检出限为0.2μg/kg,那可丁、罂粟碱的方法检出限为0.1μg/kg。5种生物碱的加标回收率在75.2%～117.3%之间，相对标准偏差均小于15%。结论：该方法操作简单，具有较高的灵敏...     

超高效液相-串联质谱法测定食品中罂粟壳成分

目的 建立超高效液相-串联质谱法测定食品中罂粟壳成分的分析方法。方法 罂粟壳经乙腈提取后, 经PCX固相萃取柱净化, 选择BEH HILIC柱(粒径1.7 μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm), 以含0.1%甲酸的10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液和甲酸乙腈溶液(0.1%)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 在0.3 mL/min流速下, 以多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)扫描模式进行检测, 外标法定量。结果 吗啡、可待因在25~250 μg/kg添加浓度范围内, 回收率为68.30~80.81%。罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在0.5~2.5 μg/kg添加浓度范围内, 回收率为68.34%~78.91%。本方法罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因、吗啡和可待因定量限分别为0.5、0.5、0.5、25、25 μg/kg。结论 该方法简便、快速、可靠, 可用于各种食品中罂粟壳生物碱的快速筛查与确证。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定药酒中5种罂粟壳生物碱

目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定药酒中非法添加吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱和那可丁５种罂粟壳生物碱的分析方法。方法 药酒在60 ℃水浴锅上挥去乙醇, 再加入含0.2%(V/V)甲酸的乙腈溶液提取, 最后用分散固相萃取(dispersive solid phase extraction, d-SPE)纯化管净化待测。以乙腈和10 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液（含0.1%甲酸）作为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 选用色谱柱为Xtimate TM C18柱, 在0.4 mL/min流速下, 质谱采用电喷雾电离源正离子扫描, 多反应监测模式检测。结果 吗啡和可待因线性范围为5.0~250.0 ng/mL, 蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁的线性范围为1.0~50.0 ng/mL, 相关系数均在0.997以上。5种生物碱的方法检出限和定量限分别为0.02～0.80 μg/L 和 0.07～3.00 μg/L, 回收率范围为80.3%～101.5%, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)在3.2%～8.1%之间(n=6)。结论 该方法简便、快速、准确可靠, 可用于药酒中罂粟壳生物碱含量的检测。     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定火锅调料中罂粟壳

目的 建立了用QuEChERS/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定火锅调料中的吗啡、可待因、罂粟碱、蒂巴因、那可丁五种生物碱含量的方法。方法 样品通过QuEChERS法处理后,样品液采用C18色谱分离柱,以10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液(含0.1%甲酸)-乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子模式下多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果 样品平均回收率为84.5%～100.5%,RSD为0.8%～3.1%。吗啡、可待因的线性范围为5.0 ng/ml～250.0 ng/ml,相关系数为0.9990～0.9994,最低检出限为2.0 ng/ml,罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因的线性范围为1.0 ng/ml～50.0 ng/ml,相关系数为0.9998～0.9999,最低检出限为0.1 ng/ml。结论 该方法快速、简单、安全、有效、灵敏、准确,适用于火锅调料中罂粟壳的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定辣条中的5种罂粟碱

建立了调味面制品(俗称"辣条")中5种罂粟碱(吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱的分析方法。以0.1mol/L盐酸作为提取液,MCX固相萃取柱净化,5%氨化甲醇洗脱。选用ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3(2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离;以10mmol/L乙酸铵(pH为5.5)-0.1%乙酸乙腈为流动相,进行梯度洗脱。正离子多反应监测模式(MRM)检测。在优化的实验条件下,吗啡和可待因线性范围为5.0~500.0μg/L,蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁的线性范围为1.0~100.0μg/L,相关系数均在0.99以上。5种化合物的方法检出限范围为0.05~0.5μg/kg,方法定量限在0.17~1.67μg/kg之间,3个加标水平下的平均回收率为70.2%~103.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.7%~8.5%之间。方法简单、准确、灵敏度高,可对辣条中是否含有罂粟壳进行快速检测分析。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定调味料中5 种罂粟壳生物碱残留量

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）测定调味料中吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁5种生物碱含量的分析方法。0.2%甲酸的乙腈提取样品,采用QuEChERS方法处理及净化,经乙酸乙酯-环己烷（2∶8,V/V）脱脂,Waters UPLC HSS T3色谱柱（1.7 μm,2.1 mm×100 mm）分离,以含0.1%甲酸10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾电离正离子（ESI+）、多反应监测（MRM）模式分析测定,外标法定量。结果表明,5种生物碱5 min内出峰完全,且分离度及各峰型良好。精密度试验结果相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.43%～1.85%,平均回收率为65.7%～108.2%,RSD为1.24%～8.71%。吗啡、可待因的检出限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别为3.0 μg/kg、10.0 μg/kg;蒂巴因、罂粟碱和那可丁的LOD和LOQ分别为0.6 μg/kg、2.0 μg/kg。该方法简单、快捷、准确,可用于调味料等食品中罂粟壳生物碱的定性与定量分析。     

QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS-内标法测定肉制餐饮食品中5种罂粟壳生物碱

建立改进的QuEChERS（quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe）方法,以内标法结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS）测定肉制餐饮食品中吗啡、可待因、那可丁、罂粟碱、蒂巴因5 种罂粟壳生物碱。样品经乙腈-体积分数0.1%氨水提取,净化包（2 g无水硫酸镁、50 mg N-丙基乙二胺,100 mg C18E）净化,选择含10 mmol/L甲酸铵的体积分数0.1%甲酸-水溶液和体积分数0.1%甲酸-乙腈溶液作为流动相,采用等度洗脱,使净化液中5 种罂粟壳生物碱经HILIC Core-shell色谱柱（50.0 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）分离,在多反应监测模式下利用电喷雾电离源正离子模式扫描获得质谱数据,内标法定量。结果表明：5 种罂粟壳生物碱可在8 min内有效分离,且罂粟碱、那可丁、蒂巴因在0.2～20.0 ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性良好,吗啡、可待因在1.0～100.0 ng/mL范围内线性良好,r均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.3～2.5 ng/mL,定量限为1.0～7.5 ng/mL,5 种罂粟壳生物碱的平均回收率为85.8%～107.4%,相对标准偏差为0.5%～4.7%。该方法操作简单、净化效果好、检测效率高,适用于餐饮肉制食品中5 种罂粟壳生物碱的快速检测。     

液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)快速测定凉茶中的5种罂粟壳类生物碱

目的:建立液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)快速检测凉茶中非法添加的吗啡、可待因、蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁等5种罂粟壳类生物碱。方法:采用Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C₁₈（2.1 mm×100 mm,2.7 μm）色谱柱分离,含0.1%乙酸的5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-甲醇为流动相梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源正离子模式下,采用多反应监测(MRM)方式测定,外标法定量。结果:吗啡、可待因的线性范围为2.5～100 ng/mL,蒂巴因、罂粟碱、那可丁的线性范围为0.5～20 ng/mL,5种罂粟壳类生物碱的线性相关系数均大于0.995（R>0.995）。检出限吗啡、可待因为0.8 μg/g,罂粟碱、蒂巴因、那可丁为0.2 μg/g。5种生物碱成分的3个添加水平在液体基质中回收率为84.5%～105.1%,RSD不大于6.3%（n=6）,固体基质中回收率为72.5%～112.3%,RSD不大于7.1%（n=6）。应用方法对150批凉茶样品进行了抽检,其中6批检出。结论:该方法操作简便,准确可靠,适用于快速分析测定凉茶中的5种罂粟壳类成分。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the