喷水织机用涤纶长丝国产化

我国引进的各式喷水织机共约4500台(表1)。喷水织机对主要加工原料合纤长丝的质量要求高,采用进口国际名牌涤纶长丝(低弹丝)喷水织机效率可达95%以上,喷水织机用丝价高10%。用国产涤纶长丝时,喷水织机织造效率很低,甚至不能使用。所以1985年以前所有引进喷水织机的工厂均用进口涤纶长丝,每台喷承织机年用粗旦丝(150旦)10吨或细旦丝(50旦)5～7吨,所以需要进口大量涤纶长丝。近年国产涤纶长丝发展很快,但产量与质量发展不平衡,如何将国产丝代替进口丝用在喷水织机上呢?纺织部化纤局的工程师们分析了国内国际情况,认为要提高涤纶长丝质量首先应从     

喷水织机浆料通过技术鉴定

喷水织机是六十年代发展起来的新型无梭织机,是利用水的喷射力送纬织机。主要用于织造合成纤维织物,其主要特点是高速、高效、噪音小。自八十年代初国内各地前后引进喷水织机,辽宁省也引进了这类织机。除织机外,其所用之纱、浆料及其他助剂仍由     

NBJ-1喷水织机浆料通过技术鉴定

利用水的喷射力送纬的无梭织机,即喷水织机,具有高速、高效,结构合理等特点,是纺织行业织机改造的一个重要方向。近年来我国不少纺织厂相续引进了喷水织机,总量已近5000台。由于采用水力送纬,因此对织物纤维上浆的浆料需具有上浆前要溶于水,织造时不溶于水,而退浆时又能溶于水的殊特要求。据估算,国内已引进喷水织机年耗织造浆料约需8000余吨,目前,基本上     

喷水织机用涤纶低弹丝的开发

喷水织机用涤纶低弹丝的开发颜永松（湘潭化纤厂，４１１１００）湘潭化纤厂通过多年的摸索喷水织机用涤纶低弹丝生产工艺技术，成功地开发生产出能满足喷水织机等高速织机用１１１ｄｔｅｘ／３６ｆ的涤纶低弹丝。现将其生产工艺作一简要介绍。１纺丝工艺ＤＴＹ产品毛丝不...     

超滤技术在喷水织机废水回用中的应用

介绍了超滤技术在某纺织有限公司喷水织机废水回用项目中的应用。实践表明,超滤膜运行通量48L/(m2·h)以下,化学加强反洗加入400 mg/L次氯酸钠、400 mg/L氢氧化钠、500 mg/L盐酸能有效控制膜污染,系统运行稳定,超滤直接运行费用为0.249元/t,系统出水水质符合喷水织机用水要求,超滤技术在喷水织机废水回用中具有先进性和可靠性。     

喷水织机废水循环回用工程设计

采用破乳-气浮-机械过滤-活性炭过滤工艺处理喷水织机废水,实现废水循环利用。     

高密羽绒服面料工艺设计探索

介绍了利用在津田驹公司KSH300整浆并设备和丰田公司LW601喷水织机上生产高密羽绒服面料的主要工艺技术措施。     

喷水织机用浆料对分子量的要求及其控制

喷水织机较梭织机车速高,产品质量好,在织制合纤长丝织物方面推广极快。喷水织机用浆料除了本身具有较好的耐磨、耐水等特性之外,也应具有良好的上浆性能,以使浆丝效果优良。浆料的上浆性能与其分子量有密切的关系。经过大量试验,我们研制出了应用效果较好的WJS-Ⅱ型喷水织机浆料。 1 浆料分子量与上浆性能的关系 1.1 分子量与水溶液粘度的关系当浆料的皂化度相同时,分子量增大,分子链长度增加,分子间互相聚集,吸引力随之增大,因而分子难于自由运动和流动,致使粘度增大。 1.2 分子量与粘结性的关系随着分子量的增加,浆料粘结性增加,但增到一定值后,因扩散减慢,使粘结力不再增     

用于喷水机织造的粘合剂

<正> 一、简介纺织纤维经丝上浆用的浆料是一种粘合剂。它能增加经丝的强度和耐磨性,降低织造中的经丝断头率,提高织造效率和成品质量。喷水织机,车速快(比普通织机高2.5～3.0倍),具有噪音低,织疵少,生产大卷装化等特点,特别在织造合纤长丝类的产品方面就更加显示出生产效率高,产品质量好,工人劳动强度低等优越性。自从上海第十五丝织厂在1981年由日本引进具有世界先进水平的喷水织机以来,     

日本玻璃纤维新型喷气织机

日本国津田驹制造厂,自1909年创建至今已经生产了25万台有梭织机,1.6万台剑杆织机和4.5万台喷气、喷水织机.最近,该厂又研制成功一种ZA-103型玻璃纤维喷气织机.这种织机没有冲击性零件,故没有撞击和振动,噪音比有梭织机低10～15dB.由于采用特殊的增强机架、创新的送经机构、连续的卷取系统及简便、轻质和平稳的旋转机构,可保证引纬速度大大提     

Spherical Indentation and Fracture of Glass Plates

Spherical indentation of thick and thin glass plates was investigated numerically and experimentally. The energy release rate at the tip of a cone crack was calculated by using finite element techniques and used to investigate the applicability in thick plates of Roesler's law relating the cone crack radius to the indentation load. Indentations of thin glass specimens resting on different substrates were also studied numerically and experimentally. The stresses in the thin specimens were calculated and correlated with the observed failures. On the basis of these results, a crack initiation mechanism map was developed for glass specimens on different substrates.     

Photopyroelectric method for determination of thermophysical parameters and detection of phase transitions in fatty acids and triglycerides. Part I: Principles,theory, and instrumentational concepts

The photopyroelectric (PPE) technique is proposed to detect solid-to-liquid phase transitions in fatty acids and triglycerides. Various PPE configurations and cell geometries were used to obtain thermal parameters in the vicinity of the melting points for these samples. In the standard (SPPE) configuration used to determine specific heat, the sample is thermally thin and optically opaque, while the sensor itself is thermally thick. The same configuration, but with a thermally thick sample instead, allows direct measurement of the sample’s thermal diffusivity. The temperature dependence of the thermal effusivity was obtained for a thermally thick sample and a thermally thin sensor [inverse (IPPE) configuration], and for a semitransparent thermally thick sensor by making use of the front configuration.     

共混法涤纶粗细节丝的性能研究

讨论了共混纺丝法制备的涤纶粗细节丝（ＢＴＴＰＦ）的独特性能和添加剂对它的影响,并对碱处理后的ＢＴＴＰＦ性能进行了探索。实验发现,ＢＴＴＰＦ中粗细节丝段的性质有很大差异,其粗节强度、初始模量比细节低,伸长、沸水收缩率、上染率比细节高。随着添加剂含量的增加,粗细节强度、初始模量均下降,伸长、上染率上升。碱处理后的ＢＴＴＰＦ,其吸湿率、吸水高度和上染率比纯涤纶更佳。     

Experimental Study and Numerical Analysis of a CFRP Butt-Joint between the Pipes of Dissimilar Materials

A butt-joint was formed between two pipes of dissimilar materials, steel and aluminum, by winding a wetted roving of carbon fiber with epoxy at ±45° angle. On the curing of the epoxy, a tight carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sleeve was formed, joining the ends of the pipes. The CFRP butt-joint was characterized for two kinds of loads: tensile and bending. Based on the joint strength performance, the specimens were categorized into two groups, thin and thick CFRP sleeved specimens. In the tensile testing, the thin sleeved specimen failed through the breakage of the CFRP sleeve at the joint plane because the axial stress developed in CFRP sleeve exceeded the ultimate strength of the CFRP. However, the thick sleeved specimens resisted the axial load in the sleeve and the weaker adherend, the aluminum pipe, slipped out of the CFRP sleeve. In the flexural testing, the thin CFRP sleeved specimens also failed by failure of the CFRP sleeve at the joint plane while the specimens of thick CFRP sleeve failed by the formation of a plastic hinge near the edge of the CFRP sleeve.     

Fracture Characteristics and Damage Evolution of Coating Systems Under Four‐Point Bending

The fracture and damage behaviors of ceramic coating/alloy substrate systems under four‐point bending were investigated using a scanning electron microscope to observe in situ tests. Both the thin and thick coatings fractured by tensile instability at the pure bending sections, and multiple transverse cracks that were vertical to the interface occurred in the coatings. The average crack spacing was greater for the thick coatings than for the thin ones. A catastrophic failure model was developed to explain the damage evolution behavior of the coatings. The damage was found to increase sharply near the failure point.     

Aging and carbon dioxide plasticization of thin polyetherimide films

Industrial gas separation membranes have selective dense layers with thicknesses around 100 nm. It has long been assumed that these thin layers have the same properties as thick (bulk) films. However, recent research has shown that thin films with such thickness experience accelerated physical aging relative to bulk films and, thus, their permeation properties can differ significantly from the bulk. Thin films made from Extem^® XH 1015, a new commercial polyetherimide, have been investigated by monitoring their gas permeability. The permeability of the thin films is originally greater than the thick films but eventually decreases well below the permeability of the thick film. The CO₂ plasticization of Extem thin films is explored using a series of exposure protocols that indicate CO₂ plasticization is a function of film thickness, aging time, exposure time, pressure and prior history.     

拉伸速率对PLA/PUR–T材料拉伸行为与形态的影响

以聚乳酸(PLA)和热塑性聚氨酯(PUR–T)为基体,通过双螺杆挤出机进行熔融混合制备了一系列PLA/PUR–T(质量比分别为90/10,50/50,10/90)共混物,将共混物通过立式注塑机制备标准拉伸试样;再利用万能试验机制备了PLA/PUR–T材料的拉伸样条并对其进行了不同拉伸速率下的拉伸测试,选取不同拉伸状态下的试样分别进行扫描电子显微镜观察。结果表明,当PLA为基体相,PUR–T为分散相时,PLA/PUR–T材料的最大塑性应力较高,在较低的拉伸速率下,其材料的屈服平台区和断裂应力较大,断面形貌呈现液滴态–粗纤态–细纤态的演变,随着拉伸速率的升高,其材料的屈服平台区消失,断面形貌呈现粗纤态–细纤态的演变;当PUR–T为基体相,PLA为分散相时,PLA/PUR–T材料的最大塑性应力较低,其材料的表现出强烈的拉伸强化和极大的拉伸应变行为,断面形貌呈现连续的粗长纤态–细长纤态的演变。     

粗细节丝及其织物的开发应用

综述了粗细节丝的生产及应用。介绍了日本各大公司粗细节丝的性能，主要采用的生产技术及其织物的开发应用，特殊粗细节丝现状以及粗细节丝的高次加工。     

薄管板结构废热锅炉有限元分析

化工生产实践证明薄管板与普通管板在强度方面具有同样的可靠性,甚至更加先进合理,但由于目前国内外有关薄管板计算理论尚不成熟,使其在使用上受到一定限制。介绍了采用先进的ANSYS有限元方法对一台薄管板废热锅炉应力分析的全过程,以期探讨薄管板结构设计方法,为类似产品设计推广提供依据。     

喷射防火纤维的性能及其应用

本文针对火灾中使用的消防器材,介绍了喷射防火纤维的作用和优点,阐述了该材料的防火隔热机理和性能,比较了该材料与厚型、薄型和超薄型钢结构防火涂料的异同;结合国内外对该材料的应用现状,对喷射防火纤维护层的应用和发展前景进行了展望。