增强现实技术与标准化

详细介绍了增强现实技术、增强现实的应用及其标准化工作的现状.结合我国在该领域的技术和标准化状况,提出了我国在该领域标准化的发展设想.     

增强现实技术(AR)在游戏上的运用研究

增强现实技术(AR)在近年越来越多地被使用,涉及生活的部分行业,在娱乐游戏方面的应用也逐渐增加。AR是在虚拟现实技术(VR)的基础上发展起来的,所以在有些地方与VR相似,例如都需要设备支持。但是AR是结合了现实景象而实现的技术,在体验上给用户更加真实的感觉。AR游戏属于新兴产业,虽然它带来的影响还不是很明显,但是对于人类生活带来的改变将会是巨大的。     

增强现实研究进展与核心技术(上)

介绍了增强现实概念及其研究进展,阐述了增强现实的显示技术、交互技术、注册技术等核心技术,最后分析了用户界面等限制增强现实技术发展的要素。     

增强现实研究进展与核心技术(下)

(上接2012年第6期第37页) 视频透视式头盔显示器由安装在头盔上的微型CCD摄取外部真实环境的图像,计算机通过计算处理将所要添加的信息或图像信号叠加在摄像机的视频信号上,实现计算机生成的虚拟场景与真实场景融合,最后通过类似于浸没式头盔显示器的显示系统呈现给用户.基于光学原理的透视式头盔显示器,真实场景直接通过安装在眼前的一对半反半透镜呈现给用户,经过光学系统放大的虚拟场景经半反半透镜反射而进入眼睛,真实场景和虚拟场景的融合通过该光学元件来实现.视频透视式头盔显示器与光学透视式头盔显示器各有其优缺点.     

Emerging Thermal Technology Enabled Augmented Reality

In the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in the domain of augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR). The need for realistic and immersive augmentation has propelled the development of haptics interfaces-enabled AR/VR. The haptics interfaces facilitate direct interaction and manipulation with both real and virtual objects, thus augmenting the perception and experiences of the users. The level of augmentation can be significantly improved by thermal stimulation or sensing, which facilitates a higher degree of object identification and discrimination. This review discusses the thermal technology-enabled augmented reality and summarizes the recent progress in the development of different thermal technology such as thermal haptics including thermo-resistive heater and Peltier devices, thermal sensors including resistive, pyroelectric, and thermoelectric sensors, which can be utilized to improve the realism of augmentation. The fundamental mechanism, design strategies, and the rational guidelines for the adoption of these technologies in AR/VR is explicitly discussed. The conclusion provides an outlook on the existing challenges and outlines the future roadmap for the realization of next-generation thermo-haptics enabled augmented reality.     

Augmented Reality Interfaces Using Virtual Customization of Microstructured Electronic Skin Sensor Sensitivity Performances

Electronic skins equip robots and biomedical devices with intuitive skin-like sensitivity. Performance-driven design of electronic skins is a critical need for electronic or biomedical applications. Prior research primarily focuses on investigating effects of microstructures on sensor performance at low pressure ranges. However, having predictive and tunable electro–mechanical responses across an extensive pressure range (>100 kPa) is paramount. Here, the authors propose a system that virtually customizes micropyramids for e-skin sensors. The associations between geometry parameters, material properties, and single-pyramid performance are systematically explored via numerical simulations, empirical characterizations, and analytical solutions. These experimentally validated models allow for the determination of the sensor parameters for the desired performance. An augmented reality interface system for surgery skills training by optimizing sensitivities that match varying tissue stiffnesses is further demonstrated. The platform enables greater effectiveness in rapidly iterating and designing micropyramidal e-skin for applications in augmented reality interfaces, robotics, and telehealthcare.     

智能家居系统

随着半导体技术的不断发展,其给人们日常生活带来的便利也越来越多,同时人们对便捷生活的要求也越来越高,这使得智能家居逐渐成为热门话题。本文介绍了智能家居系统关键的传感器、传感器间通信、用户控制、安全措施等方面的问题和设计。     

增强现实与虚拟现实技术的区别和联系

介绍了增强现实、虚拟现实的基本概念,系统分析了增强现实与虚拟现实这两种技术的区别和联系:增强现实是在虚拟现实基础上发展起来的,但二者对于浸没感的要求、计算机的计算能力、注册的涵义和精度以及应用领域的侧重不同。最后对比分析了增强现实和虚拟现实领域的标准化重点。     

面向增强现实的多模干涉型RGB波导合波器的对比研究

RGB合波器作为激光扫描显示系统的关键性核心部件,其微小型化和高传输效率是应用于增强现实的必然要求。针对氮化硅、氮化镓、SU8三种可见光波段高透过率材料,对比研究了其波导的折射率差、色散曲线、单模条件,以及所构成的多模干涉型RGB波导合波器的尺寸、传输效率、光场分布。研究结果表明,氮化硅器件的各项性能介于氮化镓与SU8器件之间;氮化镓器件具有最大的芯层与包层折射率差,最小的单模截止尺寸,最短的器件长度(2000μm);SU8器件具有最小的芯层与包层折射率差,最大的单模截止尺寸,但器件长度大于氮化镓,为3600μm。此外,氮化硅、氮化镓、SU8三种器件的RGB平均传输率分别为78%,55%和91%,可见SU8器件占有明显优势。未来,经过进一步优化设计的超紧凑氮化镓多模干涉型RGB波导合波器有望应用于激光扫描单片集成系统中,而具有良好柔性的SU8多模干涉型RGB波导合波器则在可形变系统中具有重要应用价值。这些器件为增强现实系统朝着微小型化和高传输效率的方向发展提供了技术基础。     

影视动画教学中增强现实技术应用的实践性探究

针对当前多媒体教学环境不能完全满足影视动画教学需要的现状,增强现实技术通过集成虚拟与现实的信息,满足了对复杂抽象教学内容的展示,为学生提供更好的协作方式,有效地加强学生与教师、学生与教学内容之间的交互性,提高教学质量。文章对影视动画专业教学中增强现实技术的应用进行了分析和探索。     

Editorial: 5G for Augmented Reality

Mobile Networks and Applications -     

增强现实演播室技术与实现

根据场景设置的标记计算真实摄像机和虚拟摄像机参数,用3DS MAX的高级脚本语言 MaxScript实现真实场景和虚拟对象的最终合成.     

基于E-FAST-SURF算法的移动增强现实技术

针对当前移动设备硬件处理能力有限的问题,采用E-FAST-SURF算法实现对平面标记物的检测与跟踪,使与标记采集特征点的匹配速度得到了提高。实验结果表明,该算法能适应复杂环境,以及对移动设备增强现实应用中的标记进行特征的提取。     

Elastomeric Haptic Devices for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Since the modern concepts for virtual and augmented reality are first introduced in the 1960's, the field has strived to develop technologies for immersive user experience in a fully or partially virtual environment. Despite the great progress in visual and auditory technologies, haptics has seen much slower technological advances. The challenge is because skin has densely packed mechanoreceptors distributed over a very large area with complex topography; devising an apparatus as targeted as an audio speaker or television for the localized sensory input of an ear canal or iris is more difficult. Furthermore, the soft and sensitive nature of the skin makes it difficult to apply solid state electronic solutions that can address large areas without causing discomfort. The maturing field of soft robotics offers potential solutions toward this challenge. In this article, the definition and history of virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) is first reviewed. Then an overview of haptic output and input technologies is presented, opportunities for soft robotics are identified, and mechanisms of intrinsically soft actuators and sensors are introduced. Finally, soft haptic output and input devices are reviewed with categorization by device forms, and examples of soft haptic devices in VR/AR environments are presented.     

基于城市级位置服务的移动增强现实

基于位置服务的移动增强现实以虚实融合的方式呈现用户周围环境.本文采用C/S架构实现基于视觉的移动增强现实系统,解决手机处理速度以及存储空间不足的问题.服务器端采用基于分布式聚类的词汇树算法进行城市级海量场景识别;手机端采用BRISK特征提取与光流算法相结合的6自由度跟踪注册方式.本文在UKbench以及SUN397数据库进行实验测试,实验结果表明,文中提出的分布式聚类算法能快速构建词汇树并有效解决单PC计算内存瓶颈;移动终端通过BRISK特征提取以及并行流水线设计,系统跟踪实时性良好.     

Skin-Integrated Vibrohaptic Interfaces for Virtual and Augmented Reality

Haptic technology involves the use of electrical or mechanical means to stimulate afferent nerves or mechanoreceptors in the skin as the basis for creating sensations of physical touch that can qualitatively expand virtual or augmented reality experiences beyond those supported by visual and auditory cues alone. An emerging direction in this field involves the development of platforms that provide spatiotemporal patterns of sensation to the skin across not only the fingertips, but to any and all regions of the body, using thin, skin-like technologies that impose negligible physical burden on the user. This review highlights the biological basis for skin interfaces of this type and the latest advances in haptics in the context of this ambitious goal, including electrotactile and vibrotactile devices that support perceptions of touch in form factors that have potential as skin-integrated interfaces. The content includes a discussion of schemes for integrating these stimulators into programmable arrays, with an emphasis on scalable materials and designs that have the potential to support soft interfaces across large areas of the skin. A concluding section summarizes the potential consequences of successful research efforts in this area, along with key multidisciplinary challenges and associated research opportunities in materials science and engineering.     

AR系统中目标跟踪技术的研究

通过按一定几何规则排列特征点的方式,提出一种视觉标志,并针对该标识设计出相应的识别方案。跟踪阶段,在实时视频中建立一个“搜索窗口”,并提出一种简单的预测跟踪算法,对标志进行运动预测和跟踪,减小了搜索范围,提高了目标跟踪算法的实时性。     

半导体将数字家庭带入现实

数字家庭,是一个全新并且逐渐进入普通人生活的新生活理念,在数字家庭各种设备的最后,看到的是各种半导体器件在其中的默默贡献.本文探讨数字家庭中几个应用对半导体产品的需求与挑战.