基于Silverlight的大文件上传技术研究

针对大文件在Web应用程序中的上传限制问题,提出了一种利用Silverlight和WCF服务通信的大文件上传方法。将大文件分割成设定大小的多个缓冲块,按顺序对分割后的每一块进行异步上传,每次只上传一个缓冲块,从而实现了上传文件大小的无限制。同时支持MD5扫描、实时进度显示、秒传、多文件上传、断点续传等功能。     

基于非均衡求解的D2D多复用通信资源块分配算法研究

针对小区内D2D多复用的通信资源块分配问题,该文以一个D2D用户分别复用2个和3个蜂窝为基础,提出基于非均衡求解的D2D多复用模式下的资源块分配方案。利用博弈论将资源块划分问题转化为求解被复用蜂窝用户收益联合最大问题。当纳什均衡解不存在时,分析目标函数特性,在可行域内求解“最优解”,保证对不均衡解处理的最优性;对于均衡解存在的情况,将其取整后作为资源分配方案依据,保持其最优性。通过理论分析及仿真实验表明该算法可以提升系统吞吐率,提高小区通信性能。     

基于能量收集的UAV-D2D网络资源分配算法

为更好地利用周围环境中的射频信号能量,提升终端直连(D2D)通信的运行时间和无人机(UAV)通信的频谱利用率,该文提出一种基于能量收集的UAV-D2D网络资源分配算法。考虑UAV最大发射功率和移动性约束,蜂窝用户和D2D用户的最小速率约束,建立了系统和速率最大化的多变量耦合资源分配问题。利用连续凸近似和变量替换方法将混合整数非线性规划问题转化为凸优化问题,并利用拉格朗日对偶方法获得闭式解。仿真结果表明,所提算法具有良好的收敛性能,并能够有效提升系统容量。     

Radio resource management scheme and outage analysis for network-assisted multi-hop D2D communications

In a cellular network it's very difficult to make spectrum resource more efficiently. Device-to-Device (D2D) technology enables new service opportunities, and provides high throughput and reliable communication while reducing the base station load. For better total performance, short-range D2D links and cellular links share the same radio resource and the management of interference becomes a crucial task. Here we argue that single-hop D2D technology can be used to further improve cellular networks performance if the key D2D radio resource management algorithms are suitably extended to support multi-hop D2D communications. Aiming to establish a new paradigm for the analysis and design of multi-hop D2D communications, We propose a radio resource allocation for multi-hop D2D routes based on interference avoidance approach in LTE-A networks. On top of that, we investigate the outage probability of D2D communication. We first introduce a new definition of outage probability by considering the maximum distance to be allowable for single-hop transmission. Then we study and analyze the outage performance of a multi-hop D2D route. We derive the general closed form expression of outage probability of the multi-hop D2D routes. The results demonstrate that the D2D radio, sharing the same resources as the cellular network, provide higher capacity compared to pure cellular communication where all the data is transmitted through the base station. They also demonstrate that the new method of calculation of D2D multi hop outage probability has better performance than classical method defined in the literature.     

Resource allocation and dynamic power control for D2D communication underlaying uplink multi-cell networks

Underlaying device-to-device (D2D) communication is suggested as a promising technology for the next generation cellular networks (5G), where users in close proximity can transmit directly to one another bypassing the base station. However, when D2D communications underlay cellular networks, the potential gain from resource sharing is highly determined by how the interference is managed. In order to mitigate the resource reuse interference between D2D user equipment and cellular user equipment in a multi-cell environment, we propose a resource allocation scheme and dynamic power control for D2D communication underlaying uplink cellular network. Specifically, by introducing the fractional frequency reuse (FFR) principle into the multi-cell architecture, we divide the cellular network into inner region and outer region. Combined with resource partition method, we then formulate the optimization problem so as to maximize the total throughput. However, due to the coupled relationship between resource allocation and power control scheme, the optimization problem is NP-hard and combinational. In order to minimize the interference caused by D2D spectrum reuse, we solve the overall throughput optimization problem by dividing the original problem into two sub-problems. We first propose a heuristic resource pairing algorithm based on overall interference minimization. Then with reference to uplink fractional power control (FPC), a dynamic power control method is proposed. By introducing the interference constraint, we use a lower bound of throughput as a cost function and solve the optimal power allocation problem based on dual Lagrangian decomposition method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves efficient performance compared with existing methods.     

基于NOMA的无线携能D2D通信鲁棒能效优化算法

针对频谱短缺、基站负荷过高、通信系统功耗较大等问题,考虑不完美的信道状态信息,该文提出一种基于非正交多址接入的无线携能(SWIPT)D2D网络鲁棒能效(EE)最大化资源分配算法(SREA).考虑用户的服务质量约束以及最大发射功率约束,基于随机信道不确定性建立鲁棒能效最大化资源分配模型.利用Dinkelbach和变量替换方法,将原NP-hard问题转换为确定性的凸优化问题,通过拉格朗日对偶理论求得解析解.仿真结果表明,所提算法在保证蜂窝用户通信质量的同时,能够有效提高D2D用户的能效性和鲁棒性能.     

基于NOMA的无线携能D2D通信鲁棒能效优化算法

针对频谱短缺、基站负荷过高、通信系统功耗较大等问题,考虑不完美的信道状态信息,该文提出一种基于非正交多址接入的无线携能(SWIPT)D2D网络鲁棒能效(EE)最大化资源分配算法(SREA)。考虑用户的服务质量约束以及最大发射功率约束,基于随机信道不确定性建立鲁棒能效最大化资源分配模型。利用Dinkelbach和变量替换方法,将原NP-hard问题转换为确定性的凸优化问题,通过拉格朗日对偶理论求得解析解。仿真结果表明,所提算法在保证蜂窝用户通信质量的同时,能够有效提高D2D用户的能效性和鲁棒性能。     

Relax online resource allocation algorithms for D2D communication

Maximizing the system sumrate by sharing the resource blocks among the cellular user equipments and the D2D (device to device) pairs while maintaining the quality of service is an important research question in a D2D communication underlaying cellular networks. The problem can be optimally solved in offline by using the weighted bipartite matching algorithm. However, in long‐term evolution and beyond (4G and 5G) systems, scheduling algorithms should be very efficient where the optimal algorithm is quite complex to implement. Hence, a low complexity algorithm that returns almost the optimal solution can be an alternative to this research problem. In this paper, we propose 2 less complex stable matching–based relax online algorithms those exhibit very close to the optimal solution. Our proposed algorithms deal with fixed number of cellular user equipments and a variable number of D2D pairs those arrive in the system online. Unlike online matching algorithms, we consider that an assignment can be revoked if it improves the objective function (total system sumrate). However, we want to minimize the number of revocation (ie, the number of changes in the assignments) as a large number of changes can be expensive for the networks too. We consider various offline algorithms proposed for the same research problem as relaxed online algorithms. Through extensive simulations, we find that our proposed algorithms outperform all of the algorithms in terms of the number of changes in assignment between 2 successive allocations while maintaining the total system sumrate very close to the optimal algorithm.     

D2D通信中一种基于FFR的动态功率控制方案

工作在underlay方式下的D2D(device-to-device)通信利用资源复用共享蜂窝网络中的资源,在提高频谱资源利用率、降低移动终端功耗的同时,会给已有蜂窝网络带来干扰。在保证D2D用户和蜂窝用户的服务质量的前提下,研究了蜂窝用户和D2D用户的功率控制和资源分配问题。首先引入部分频率复用(FFR)实现蜂窝用户和D2D用户之间的资源划分和复用;然后以系统吞吐量最大化为原则,建立优化目标。结合部分功率控制(FPC)的基本思想,进而提出了一种动态功率控制(DPC)策略。仿真结果表明,所提出的方案能够有效地提高多小区系统的性能。     

面向5G通信网的D2D技术综述

在探讨D2D对通信技术未来发展的导向作用基础上,明确了影响D2D系统设计的多个因素,即D2D设备发现、资源分配、缓存技术、D2D-MIMO。从而勾画出基于D2D技术的光纤前传和软件定义网络实现数据/控制分离的扁平化5G架构,提出负责接入的下层宏/小基站蜂窝网和负责管理的上层网络云的管理机制。将D2D技术、SDN技术、边缘计算和物联网技术等关键技术引入未来移动通信网络已经成为研究领域的热点,针对与之相关的、未来大规模网络的移动性、QoS和大数据特性进行了讨论。     

Network coded multicast for multi-hop D2D communication systems

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we consider the wireless communication systems where multi-hop Device-to-Device (D2D) networks can coexist with the conventional cellular networks by sharing the downlink resource of cellular users (CUs). A multicast data flow is distributed over the multi-hop D2D networks where network coding (NC) can be employed at the intermediate nodes. To maximize the utility of the multicast flow, we formulate a joint optimization problem for the systems while guaranteeing the quality-of-service (QoS) for regular CUs. We propose a subgradient algorithm to solve the optimization problem by decomposing it into three sub-problems: multicast rate control, NC subgraph selection, and downlink resource reusing. In particular, we develop a greedy algorithm to deal with the downlink resource reusing sub-problem for it is NP hard. Numerical and simulation results prove the superior performance of the proposed techniques compared with the conventional routing scheme.     

面向蜂窝网络的D2D多播通信的分簇和中继选择方法

传统蜂窝网络中,信道衰减的随机性和不确定性导致小区边缘用户的接收性能很差,尤其是面向视频传输等速率要求较高时其弊端更加凸显。D2D通信因其配置灵活性可作为传统蜂窝网络架构的有利补充,能有效改善边缘用户的性能。该文针对D2D通信的多播传输,分析了系统最小时延成本下的中继数量和分簇算法,提出一种基于分簇和中继选择的低时延D2D多播方案。该方案可以自适应选择多播重传中的中继的数量和中继节点到基站的距离,同时给出最优的带宽资源分配机制。仿真结果表明,与其他方案相比,所提方法能有效减少系统时延,提高边缘用户体验和系统性能。     

无线信道预测:联邦学习与集中式学习的通信开销

通过预测无线信道可以解决高速移动导致的信道过时问题、或利用预测资源分配提升无线系统的资源利用率和用户体验。尽管对机器学习进行离线训练的时间较长,但利用训练后得到的模型进行在线推断时计算复杂度低,有望解决信道预测这类对实时性要求高的无线任务。联邦学习可以充分利用移动设备采集的数据和计算资源,同时保护隐私敏感的用户数据。对于隐私不敏感的无线数据,应用联邦学习的主要动机之一是相对于需上传原始训练数据的集中式学习能降低通信开销。本文考虑平均信道、瞬时信道和未来接入小区这三个预测问题,对经过模型压缩后联邦学习的上行总数据量与集中式学习进行了比较。研究结果表明,对于所考虑的预测任务,即使经过了几千倍的压缩,联邦学习所需的上行数据量也不一定低于集中式学习,这意味着联邦学习的通信效率依然需要大幅度提高。      

异构网络中基于能效优化的D2D资源分配机制

针对异构网络中D2D通信复用蜂窝用户频谱时存在的频谱分配问题,该文提出一种基于改进离散鸽群优化(PIO)算法的D2D通信资源分配机制。通过设置信干噪比(SINR)门限值来保证用户的通信服务质量(QoS),采用功率控制算法为用户设置发射功率,使用基于运动权值的二进制离散鸽群优化(MWBPIO)算法为D2D用户进行资源分配,并将D2D通信技术与中继技术进行有效结合,为边缘用户建立D2D中继链路,保证边缘用户的通信质量,最大化系统性能目标。仿真结果表明,该方案有效抑制了异构通信系统中引入D2D用户后导致的干扰问题,提高了边缘用户的通信质量和系统的频谱利用率以及系统的能效。

     

基于不完美CSI的D2D通信网络鲁棒能效资源分配算法

针对设备到设备(D2D)直连通信网络传统最优资源分配算法在随机信道时延、信道估计误差影响下鲁棒性弱的问题,该文在考虑参数不确定性影响的条件下,提出D2D用户总能效最大的鲁棒资源分配算法。考虑干扰功率门限、用户最小速率需求、最大传输功率和子信道分配约束,建立了下垫式频谱共享模式下多用户D2D网络资源分配模型。基于有界信道不确定性模型,利用最坏准则方法将原非凸鲁棒资源分配问题转换为确定性的凸优化问题。然后利用拉格朗日对偶理论求得资源分配的解析解。仿真结果表明所提出的算法具有很好的鲁棒性。     

毫米波D2D通信上下行链路吞吐量优化方案

5G通信技术中终端直通(D2D通信)的功率分配是近期研究的热点,为了提升系统容量和频谱利用率,将毫米波与D2D通信技术结合,在此技术中,针对28GHz频段上行链路及下行链路蜂窝网络中的D2D资源分配进行了研究,将其系统总吞吐量达到最大化算法进行优化。首先,推导出每个D2D对所对应的准入集,其次,在考虑每个D2D对用户以及蜂窝用户功率控制情况下,分别求出上行链路及下行链路中的吞吐量,最后,在保证D2D对总吞吐量最大化前提下将蜂窝用户信道分配给D2D对。仿真结果表明,所提出的方案可以提高系统的吞吐量。     

An intra–inter-cell device-to-device communication scheme to enhance 5G network throughput with delay modeling

As the number of mobile users is growing, so is the demand for more bandwidth. It becomes important that the required bandwidth and spectral resources do not scale with traffic in the next generation of wireless networks [i.e. fifth generation (5G)]. Device-to-device (D2D) communication underlaying cellular networks has been recognized as an essential technique in 5G networks. By applying definite principles and strategies, D2D communication not only increases the spectral and energy efficiency, but also enhances network throughput, network coverage and reduces delay. In this paper, we present an intra–inter-cell D2D communication scheme to enhance throughput of 5G networks. We study call setup delay of two developed communication scenarios and throughput gain comparing three systems. Firstly, we show the enhancements required in current cellular architectures to support inter-cell D2D communication. We develop protocols for two scenarios and demonstrate how architecture entities cooperate for the call setup between D2D users. We measure the overall call setup time for the developed protocols and derive a closed-form delay formula to estimate call setup time probability. Secondly, we perform simulations using a topology similar to that found in realistic urban environments to study throughput gains of the proposed intra–inter-cell D2D communication scheme. We compare three systems in terms of throughput: (1) pure cellular system (with cellular users only), (2) pure cellular system with intra-cell D2D users sharing the same cellular resource, and (3) pure cellular system with intra–inter-cell D2D users sharing the same cellular resource. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme substantially increases the network throughput and spectrum efficiency.     

An efficient resource optimization scheme for D2D communication

With the rapid development of wireless technologies, wireless access networks have entered their Fifth-Generation (5G) system phase. The heterogeneous and complex nature of a 5G system, with its numerous technological scenarios, poses significant challenges to wireless resource management, making radio resource optimization an important aspect of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication in such systems. Cellular D2D communication can improve spectrum efficiency, increase system capacity, and reduce base station communication burdens by sharing authorized cell resources; however, can also cause serious interference. Therefore, research focusing on reducing this interference by optimizing the configuration of shared cellular resources has also grown in importance. This paper proposes a novel algorithm to address the problems of co-channel interference and energy efficiency optimization in a long-term evolution network. The proposed algorithm uses the fuzzy clustering method, which employs minimum outage probability to divide D2D users into several groups in order to improve system throughput and reduce interference between users. An efficient power control algorithm based on game theory is also proposed to optimize user transmission power within each group and thereby improve user energy efficiency. Simulation results show that these proposed algorithms can effectively improve system throughput, reduce co-channel interference, and enhance energy efficiency.     

提高蜂窝网络中数据分发效率的D2D协作转发算法

Device-to-Device(D2D)通信是一种移动终端在蜂窝通信系统的控制下使用授权频段进行点到点通信的新型技术。通过允许接收终端间的数据转发,D2D通信可以用来提高蜂窝网络中的数据分发效率。现有的终端间转发算法,没有充分考虑D2D链路的差异,很难实现频谱资源的高效利用。为此,该文提出了一种基于多跳中继的D2D协作转发算法,包括多播和单播两个模式。该算法根据D2D链路质量自适应地选择最优的中继、路由及传输跳数,能够充分利用D2D链路的多信道分集增益。仿真结果表明,该文所提出的算法能够显著地提高D2D转发的资源利用率,进而提升数据分发业务的吞吐量。     

System utility based resource allocation for D2D multicast communication in software-defined cellular networks

Device-to-device (D2D) multicast communication is a useful way to improve the communication efficiency of local services. This study considers a scenario of D2D multicast communication in software defined cellular network and investigates the frequency resource allocation problem. Firstly, we build the system model and formulate the optimization problem. Secondly, a hierarchical scheme to achieve a suboptimal solution is proposed. To select appropriate user equipments (UEs) as potential D2D transmitters (PDTs), a social aware PDT selection method is proposed. Then, a resource allocation algorithm considering users’ priorities is proposed. Furthermore, to study the resource allocation for general system that UEs without priorities, a non-priority considered allocation algorithm is proposed also. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed schemes are effective in improving the system utility and reducing the resource consuming for D2D communications.