Sustainable Spectrum Allocation Strategy for 5G Mobile Network

These days, 5G wireless communication are being created for different modern IoT (Internet of Things) applications around the world, arising with the IoT. All things considered, it is feasible to send energy efficient innovation in a manner that advances the drawn out sustainability of networks. Next-generation heterogeneous wireless communication is composed of different base stations. In this network, sustainable spectrum allocation is required to maximize the bandwidth utilization along with a reduction in power consumption. This paper proposes an algorithm for allocating an optimized spectrum to clusters in a multi-cluster environment for sustainable 5G environment using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The proposed strategy is applicable for 3G, 4G, and 5G mobile networks. Mobile devices enter and leave the cluster randomly and stay within the cluster for an uncertain amount of time. During that period the user demands may vary. Consequently, various bandwidth allocations are required. For such cases, static allocation might result in inefficient utilization of bandwidth, wastage of power, and degrade user satisfaction. The proposed algorithm will optimize the spectrum allocated to a cluster from time to time to solve this problem and produce an optimized solution within a given deadline. PSO based proposed scalable spectrum allocation method is applicable for the different frequency range for each cluster, hence scalable from 3G telecommunication to 5G-mobile edge technology. The convergence of the strategy is analyzed. From simulation analysis, it is observed that the proposed strategy reduces power consumption by approximately 8%, 11%, and 6% in 3G, 4G, and 5G communications respectively than the existing scheme.

     

第三代移动通信系统的网络安全

对3G移动通信系统的网络安全问题进行了探讨,对于中国在不远的将来将要开展的3G系统及工程的建设具有特别重要的意义。     

基于深度强化学习的网络切片资源管理算法

随着第五代通信技术(5G)的发展,各种应用场景不断涌现,而网络切片可以在通用的物理网络上构建多个逻辑独立的虚拟网络来满足移动通信网络多样化的业务需求。为了提高移动通信网络根据各切片业务量实现资源按需分配的能力,本文提出了一种基于深度强化学习的网络切片资源管理算法,该算法使用两个长短期记忆网络对无法实时到达的统计数据进行预测,并提取用户移动性导致的业务数据量动态特征,进而结合优势动作评论算法做出与切片业务需求相匹配的带宽分配决策。实验结果表明,相较于现有方法,该算法可以在保证用户时延和速率要求的同时,将频谱效率提高约7.7%。     

Dynamic Resource Allocation Architecture for IEEE802.16e: Design and Performance Analysis

Mobile communications has witnessed an exponential increase in the amount of users, services and applications. WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) targets to provide broadband connectivity to wide area coverage, both in fixed and in mobile environments, as well as in the provision of QoS constraints of those applications and services envisioned for Next Generation Networks (NGNs), which results in significant design challenges in the MAC (Medium Access Control) to provide the seamless transport of heterogeneous traffic in a cost-effective manner. This paper proposes a Dynamic Resource Allocation (DRA) architecture for the IEEE802.16e broadband wireless system (also known as Mobile WiMAX) that can provide operators the flexibility to deliver broadband traffic with high spectral efficiency. The proposed DRA architecture framework encompasses scheduler, Link Adaptation (LA), Resource Allocation (RA) and Hybrid Automated Repeat Request (HARQ) functional blocks which interwork seamlessly. The performance of the DRA was evaluated using commonly deployed scheduling policies: Max C/I, Proportional Fair and Round Robin schemes. Simulation results show that the proposed DRA scheme has the capacity to provide enhanced coverage and QoS provisioning for the area networks (WANs), such as the ones envisioned for B3G mobile wireless networks.     

A survey on role of photonic technologies in 5G communication systems

A new generation of mobile communications has been evolving for every 10 years, keeping in mind the enormous data traffic, huge capacity requirements, excellent quality of service with minimal latency; there is a shift in paradigm toward the upcoming 5G technology which is expected to be rolled out by 2020 that promises to meet the requirements stated above. 5G is envisaged to be a merged framework of wide range of applications ranging from device-to-device communications, smart grid to Internet of Things and many more. In this survey paper, a brief discussion on the major pillars of 5G which are millimeter wave technology, massive MIMO, ultra-dense network, beamforming and full-duplex transmission are presented. This survey paper also focuses on the role of optics in 5G technology, sometimes commonly referred to as microwave photonics, an interdisciplinary research platform. Due to huge bandwidth and enormous capacity upgrade, optical fibers are considered to be ideal backhaul and fronthaul media rather than copper cables in order to support small cells and next-generation networks. These advantages of optical fiber technology enable integrated optical and wireless access technologies for 5G wireless communications an interdisciplinary area of research.

     

基于QoS的Ad Hoc路由协议综述

Ad Hoc网络是由一组带有无线收发装置的移动终端组成的一个多跳的临时性自治系统。随着人们对通信业务要求的不断提高，对带宽、时延、误码率等性能参数提出了不同程度的保障要求，因此要求Ad Hoc网络能够为某些业务提供服务质量（QoS）保障。但由于Ad Hoc网络无线链路的时变特性、网络拓扑结构的动态变化、移动终端设备电池容量受限等特点，使其相对于固定无线网络及有线网络提供有保证且稳定的QoS保障要困难得多，非常具有挑战性。本文对目前几种基于带宽和时延约束的QoS路由协议进行了介绍。     

移动泛在网络的发展趋势

随着无线接入技术的快速发展,通信网络的异构性特征变得更加突出,如何有效地实现不同网络间的互联互通以及获取所需的各类服务,并构建融合各网络异构性的移动泛在网络成为业界关注的重点。下一代移动网络(NGMN)项目综合考虑业务、终端和网络各方面的因素,是运营商主导的近期需求愿景,而移动泛在业务环境(MUSE)是学术界的学者们对于未来移动异构泛在网络的理想化的规划和设计,更着眼于远期的融合。未来的移动通信网络将逐渐向一个综合的网络体系平滑演进,为泛在移动宽带服务提供一个全新的平台。     

宽带无线移动通信中商用密码技术研究

2009年初,科技部发布了《关于组织“新一代宽带无线移动通信网”国家科技重大专项2009年度TD-SCDMA研发与产业化项目新增课题申报的通知》。随着中国联通、中国移动3G业务的展开,宽带无线移动通信技术在我国有了大范围的应用,后3G时代的宽带无线移动通信中的安全问题,成为研究的热点。论文回顾了无线移动通信的发展历史,分析了无线移动通信、3G演进过程中可能出现的安全问题及其商用密码解决方案。     

Optimized D-RAN Aware Data Retrieval for 5G Information Centric Networks

The evolution of wireless network services has enabled consumers and intelligent devices to freely exchange information with each other. Mobile users frequently exchange popular contents, resulting in massive increase in the mobile traffic. The redundant mobile traffic can be reduced by archiving the frequently accessed data within a 5G core network or radio access network, and demands for the same content can be readily met without relying on remote servers. In this paper, we propose an eNB/gNB aware data retrieval algorithm along with Liveliness and Size based data Replacement algorithm to refine, rank, and cache the data items efficiently. Data items are selected based on their popularity and cached in D-RAN for efficient data replacement. We have also included a cost-optimized Radar-Based data Retrieval algorithm that helps to find the data nearness in the neighbouring eNBs. In our proposed technique, unique contents are maintained at each end of the cluster to aid in extending content diversity within the cluster. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed model achieves lower latency, lower congestion, and higher cache hit ratio in 5G networks.

     

5G mobile terminals with advanced QoS-based user-centric aggregation (AQUA) for heterogeneous wireless and mobile networks

In this paper we present an advanced QoS provisioning module with vertical multi-homing framework for future fifth generation (5G) mobile terminals with radio network aggregation capability and traffic load sharing in heterogeneous mobile and wireless environments. The proposed 5G mobile terminal framework is leading to high performance utility networks with high QoS provisioning for any given multimedia service, higher bandwidth utilization and multi-RAT capabilities. It is using vertical multi-homing and virtual QoS routing algorithms within the mobile terminal, that is able to handle simultaneously multiple radio network connections via multiple wireless and mobile network interfaces. Our 5G proposal is user-centric, targeted to always-on connectivity, maximal network utilization, maximal throughput, seamless handovers and performances improvement by using vertical multi-homing, as well as session continuity. The performance of our proposed mobile terminal framework for 5G is evaluated using simulations and analysis with multimedia traffic in heterogeneous mobile and wireless scenarios with coexistence of multiple radio access technologies, such as 3G, 4G as well as future 5G radio access networks.     

Home agent placement and IP address management for integrating WLANs with cellular networks

Seamless roaming between cellular networks (3G or upcoming 4G) and wireless local area networks can be provided using Mobile IP. However, GPRS/UMTS and 802.11-based WLAN networks have no native support for mobile IP. Mobile IP requires the deployment of home agents and a protocol between the mobile nodes, home agent, and corresponding nodes. We address the home agent placement and home address assignment issues for supporting mobile IP for heterogeneous roaming. Placement techniques for mobile IP home agents are presented including dynamic HA assignment in either WLAN or cellular network domains using the diameter mobile IP application. Next, we present several IPv4 home address assignment schemes for mobile nodes visiting in the WLAN domain such as NAT/NAPT traversal, reverse tunneling, and mobile VPNs. It is shown that HA placement and address management are orthogonal, and any combination is possible. Various architectures for both issues are evaluated against the optimal solutions     

Attack modeling and intrusion detection system for 5G wireless communication network

Research has been going around the globe to overcome the challenges that are associated with the increase in the number of users, such as interference management, load sharing, and increased capacity. 5G is emerging as a budding prospect for fulfilling demand and overcoming these challenges. For meeting the increased demands, new technologies such as relays in device‐to‐device communication and small cell access points have been introduced. However, these introductions have opened up security issues in the 5G wireless communication networks. This article focuses on security issues of the 5G wireless communication networks and analyzes the effect of a bandwidth spoofing attack using game theory on the small cell access point in 5G wireless communication network. This article also proposes an adaptive intrusion detection system using a hidden Markov Model for detecting an intrusion on small cell access point in a 5G wireless communication networks.     

Ad hoc无线网络路由协议比较分析

Adhoc是一组无线移动主机组成的一个无需基础设施或集中管理设备的临时网络。网络拓扑易变、带宽、能源有限是其主要特点。文章主要介绍Adhoc网络和组网关键技术——路由协议,并对现在具有代表性的协议性能进行了比较分析,指出了下一步的研究方向。     

QoS Management Structure for Mobile IPv6

1IntroductionMobile users want to enjoy multi media and other real-ti me services in the Internet . Thus the Internet Engi-neering Task Force (IETF) has introduced the MobileIPv4[1]and Mobile IPv6[2]to interoperate seamlesslywith protocols that provide real-ti me services in the In-ternet. Multi-Protocol Label Switching ( MPLS) is afast label-based switching technology that integrates thelabel-swapping paradigm with network-layer routing[3].Resource Reservation Protocol ( RSVP)[4 ~…     

基于区域感知贝叶斯决策的5G超密集异构网络联合垂直切换技术研究

针对无线通信异构网络切换中最优接入网的选择问题,现有研究主要集中于解决在两个网络间选择切换,而对于未来5G（5th Generation）通信系统中超密集网络的切换问题研究较少.本文就研究了5G无线通信系统中超密集异构网络的选择切换.文中提出了一种基于区域感知贝叶斯决策的联合垂直切换方式,该方案通过选择超密集异构接入网络的最优切换概率从而解决超密集网络切换问题.通过对移动用户（mobile station）从宏基站进入超密集服务小区,以及在小区内和小区间移动的不同场景进行仿真分析,研究结果表明本文决策方式能够准确地选择要切换的网络,因而该方案能够适用于超密集网络的应用场景.     

Smart Backhauling for 5G Heterogeneous Network with Millimeter Wave Backhaul Links to Perform Switching Off,Interference Management and Backhaul Routing

Developments made in the fifth generation (5G) and the cellular networks have greatly influenced the lifestyle of the wireless users. Increased demand on higher data rates has also increased the network traffic. In the viewpoint of cellular networks, several Small Cells (SCs) are combined together with the help of microwave communications and millimeter wave communication models, in order to support the heterogeneous environments. In this paper, we have proposed a hybrid communication framework which can efficiently support the interference management, routings in backhaul links and the joint issue during on/off status of the mobile using 5G mmWave backhaul links. A novel cache-enabled technology is designed to develop backhaul links using heuristic search models. Along with that, an effective data access framework is also formulated using distance based cluster head selection that resolves the interference issues. Without modifying the content of the mobile users, the services are offered to the uses associated with backhaul links. Since a fast iterative model is developed, the throughput rate and the energy savings are maximized. A simulation analysis is carried out with a static number of mobile nodes which has proved the efficiency of the proposed framework.

     

A Survey on Dynamic Spectrum Access for LTE-Advanced

Increasing utilization of LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) to meet the rapid growth in wireless bandwidth demand is an important focus for current research. Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) is a promising approach that can be utilized to improve bandwidth utilization in LTE-A systems and networks. The application of DSA is not limited to commercial use but can also be applied to provide access to other systems including public safety communication systems and device to device communications. This paper provides a general overview of DSA and a review of the recent research into the use of DSA to improve bandwidth utilization in LTE-A networks. DSA is a flexible technique that is being applied to different network technologies including cognitive radio, mobile cellular femtocells and wireless relay.

     

Quality-aware Wi-Fi offload: analysis,design and integration perspectives

The rapid spread of smart wireless devices and expansion of mobile data traffic have increased the interest for efficient traffic offloading techniques in next-generation communication technologies. Wi-Fi offloading uses ubiquitous Wi-Fi technology in order to satisfy the ever increasing demand for mobile bandwidth and therefore is an appropriate methodology for mobile operators. As a matter of fact, design and integration of an offloading technology inside mobile network operators’ infrastructures is a challenging task due to convergence issues between the The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and non-3GPP networks. Therefore, a connectivity management platform is a key element for integrated heterogeneous mobile network operators in order to enable smart and effective offloading. In this paper, analysis, design and integration of a connectivity management platform that uses a Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) algorithm for efficient Wi-Fi Offloading in heterogeneous wireless networks is presented. In order to enhance the end-user’s quality-of-experience (QoE), we have especially concentrated on the benefits that can be achieved by exploiting the presence of integrated service provider platform. Hence, the proposed platform can collect several User Equipment (UE) and network-based attributes via infrastructure and client Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) and decides on the best network access technology (i.e. 3GPP and non-3GPP) to connect to for requested users. We have also proposed multi-user extensions of the MADM algorithms for offloading. Through simulations and experiments, we provide details of the comparisons of the proposed algorithms as well as the sensitivity analysis of the MADM algorithm through an experimental set-up.     

A brief survey on 6G communications

The last decade has witnessed an excessive demand for mobile traffic. Though, fifth generation (5G) networks are in the initial phase of deployment and have wide capabilities and noble features to meet the data thrust up to some extent, it’s time to think beyond 5G systems. It is being expected that next generation wireless system (6G) will entirely be automated and intelligent, and will be ubiquitous and ultra-high reliable towards connectivity to large number of devices. This paper aims towards discussing stringent requirements while focusing on key expected technologies that may shape the 6G networks. Various applications of 6G communications are then briefly outlined. At the end, paper also discusses the potential challenges for achieving the goal. These discussions will definitely open up the horizon for future research directions.

     

5G城市轨道交通场景分类及信道建模

城市轨道交通是现代化交通基础设施的重要组成部分,5G作为新一代移动通信技术,可提供高速率、低时延的无线数据传输,有助于提升城市轨道交通的运行效率和服务质量。由于城市轨道交通场景的复杂性,需要针对性的通信场景分类、信道特性分析和精准的信道模型为城市轨道交通5G通信系统的设计提供理论支撑。基于此,提出了5G城市轨道交通电波传播场景的分类,以支撑典型场景下的信道测试与建模工作,同时阐述了城市轨道交通场景信道测量和建模的现状,并分析了当前面临的主要挑战。结合5G通信智能化特点,讨论了人工智能在信道特征提取和信道建模方面的应用前景与可行思路,并深入分析了基于可重构智能面和无人飞行器辅助的5G城市轨道交通信道建模研究现状和发展前景。最后,阐述了毫米波频段下5G城市轨道交通信道建模的研究。