Microwave remote sensing from space

Spaceborne microwave remote sensors provide perspectives of the earth surface and atmosphere which are of unique value in scientific studies of geomorphology, oceanic waves and topography, atmospheric water vapor and temperatures, vegetation classification and stress, ice types and dynamics, and hydrological characteristics. Microwave radars and radiometers offer enhanced sensitivities to the geometrical characteristics of the earth's surface and its cover, to water in all its forms--soil and vegetation moisture, ice, wetlands, oceans, and atmospheric water vapor, and can provide high-resolution imagery of the earth's surface independent of cloud cover or sun angle. A brief review of the historical development and principles of active and passive microwave remote sensing is presented, with emphasis on the unique characteristics of the information obtainable in the microwave spectrum and the value of this information to global geoscientific studies. Various spaceborne microwave remote sensors are described, with applications to geology, planetology, oceanography, glaciology, land biology, meteorology, and hydrology. A discussion of future microwave remote sensor technological developments and challenges is presented, along with a summary of future missions being planned by several countries.     

单目图像序列光流三维重建技术研究综述

由单目图像序列光流重建物体或场景的三维运动与结构是计算机视觉、图像处理与模式识别等领域的重要研究内容,在机器人视觉、无人机导航、车辆辅助驾驶以及医学影像分析等方面具有重要的应用。本文首先从精度与鲁棒性等方面对单目图像序列光流计算及三维重建技术近年来取得的进展进行综述与分析。然后采用Middlebury测试图像序列对HS、LDOF、CLG-TV、SOF、AOFSCNN 和 Classic ＋NL 等典型光流算法以及 Adiv、RMROF、Sekkati 和DMDPOF等基于光流的间接与直接重建方法进行实验对比分析,指出各对比方法的优点与不足,归纳各类方法的性能特点与适用范围。最后对利用分数阶微分模型、非局部约束、立体视觉以及深度线索解决亮度突变、非刚性运动、运动遮挡与模糊情况下光流计算及重建模型的局限性与鲁棒性问题进行总结与展望。     

智慧党建在高校党员管理中的应用研究

以全国党员管理信息系统、学习强国、红星云、长沙智慧党建系统等信息化平台为例,旨在从智慧党建的概念和内涵着手,在现有平台基础上,通过创新切实地规划运用,探索构建涵盖基础信息、学习教育、组织活动、研讨交流、党群服务等五大功能组合的智慧党建应用体系,促使高校党建工作与教学管理、学生辅导、教师服务等工作有机融合,真正发挥高校党建工作的示范、带动、引领作用。     

Oscillatory Behavior of Respiratory Gas Exchange in Resting Man

This study deals with the dynamics of respiratory gas carbon dioxide concentration are three, ten, twenty, and thirty to forty-five minutes and two hours; in oxygen concentration, three, ten, twenty, and thirty minutes and one and four hours; and in respiratory quotient, one, five, ten, and fifteen minutes and two to four hours. exchange in resting man. Spectral analyses are performed on time series representing four-hour continuous records of ventilation, carbon dioxide release, oxygen takeup, end tidal carbon dioxide concentration, end tidal oxygen concentration, and respiratory quotient. Results imply that the temporal behavior of each of these six variables can be characterized by a superposition of a finite set of self-sustained almost periodic oscillations with periods in the range from one minute to four hours and time dependent stochastic variation. In ventilation, carbon dioxide release, and oxygen takeup, individual components have amplitudes of between five and ten percent of mean values and nominal periods of one, four, ten, and twenty minutes and one and two to four hours. Components in oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, and respiratory quotient have amplitudes of between two and four percent of mean values.     

基于数字虚拟的工业设计创新模式与应用研究

本文通过数字技术虚拟性的方式、方法、途径的理论性研究,基于数字化技术的多感知性、交互操作性、对现实事物关系、活动、认知的实际模拟性,通过数字技术(如:VR技术、AR技术、3D成像技术等)虚拟工业设计在设计流程、设计管理、制造加工、设计体验、设计服务等事件的实际情景,实现工业设计的设计与制造的多样化信息交互,提高产品设计方案的合理性和可行性,为工业设计设计、制造、研发的创新开辟一种新型的理念与模式。     

BiCMOS技术在通信领域的研究与进展

为了促进我国通信用高性能电子电路和各种通信ASIC新产品的设计、研制和应用,本文首先论述了性能卓越的BiCMOS技术的先进性,然后讨论了国外流行的两种BiCMOS工艺制作技术及其特殊考虑,以及在通信工程中的应用电路,最后分析了BiCMOS技术在我国高速通信、信息处理电路和系统(如CPU、SRAM、DSP、SOC和数/模混合电路等)中的应用前景和发展趋势。文中提出了运用先进的BiCMOS技术于中国通信电路和系统中的观点。     

光电导引头信息处理系统设计

光电导引头是智能化弹药的重要组成部分,信息处理是其精确制导的核心关键技术。从工程应用角度出发,系统地分析了光电导引头信息处理的主要任务及技术需求,梳理了经典的分布式模块化信息处理设计技术方案,总结了其显著优点和主要缺点。随着精确制导武器未来作战目标、环境和任务使命的需求变化,为了适应光电导引头多模复合、智能化、小型化、轻量化和低成本发展趋势,更好地满足弹载环境制约的迫切需求,充分运用超大规模集成电路和信息处理技术的革新成果,在光电导引头系统总体架构上,提出了集成小型化信息处理设计思路,并给出了典型的应用方案,设计了核心性能指标,在综合成本和功耗等方面优势显著,具有较强通用性,有利于导弹制导平台架构统型,导弹系列化及换代升级, 为新一代先进光电导引头工程研制提供参考。     

微电子技术向纳电子技术的进化

本文先扼要回顾电子技术的进展历程,从晶体管至微电子集成电路,并引伸至光电子器件,近来又有倾向从微米尺度缩小至纳米尺度,即从微电子技术向纳电子技术进化。文中估测大规模集成电路发展遇到的极限,又说明光电子器件激光管和开关管及集成的现状和趋向,以及超级计算机硅和砷化镓集成芯片的现状和推测。最后,简单叙述微加工技术现状和纳加工技术的开端,包括薄膜形成、版图制备、刻蚀工艺和测试仪器等技术,从而看出纳电子技术有可能开始起步。     

广播电视覆盖技术政策和管理要求——广电总局科技司王效杰司长在2012年全国广播影视科技工作会议上的专题报告

当前广播电视覆盖技术政策 根据广播电视无线、有线、卫星、新媒体等传输手段的技术特点、传输规律和适用范围，结合数字、网络等信息技术快速发展带来的三网融合新形势、新变化，统筹规划、合理布局，制定符合我国实际情况、协调发展的广播影视传输覆盖技术政策和技术体制，形成互为补充、全面覆盖、结构优化、协调发展的广播影视综合传输覆盖服务体系。     

电视播出成本核算系统研究与建设

随着广播电视数字化、高清化、网络化的发展,各级电视台都相继完成了高清数字播出平台建设和升级。广电技术的发展不仅体现在系统设备投资建设上,对播出数据进行挖掘与分析、将播出系统的设备投入和运营成本纳入每个频道的播出成本,对电视台的节目生产成本和发展规划有着积极的作用,符合电视台面向市场的发展要求。本台在建设新型电视播出控制系统的同期,开发了一套播出成本核算管理系统平台。该系统最大程度地挖掘了系统设备、播出数据、频道播出情况等现有资源,集成了ASP.NET框架、C#、JSP、JQuery、SQLSERVER等先进技术,选用.NET的MVC三层软件设计模式及B/S架构进行开发,并运用EXCEL验证模型来验证计算结果的正确性。实践证明,该系统具有良好的低成本、高可靠性、高耦合度和可扩展等应用特点。     

联合作战密钥分发架构设计

以联合作战使命任务需求为牵引,基于作战网络模型,提出了密码信息网络和密码任务群组概念;作战网络的动态性导致了密码任务群组的不确定性,从而增大了密钥的生成与分发难度。利用复杂网络的邻接矩阵机理设计了密码任务群组的计算方法,并对密码态势认知、密码网络建模、密钥的生成和分发路径等关键环节进行了分析研究。结合信息化条件下联合作战指挥特点,设计了分发流程和架构,实现了密钥自动生成和灵活动态调整,解决了特定战斗任务之不确定性、多样性和复杂性带来的密钥分发难题。有效提高了密钥分发科学化和规范化水平,为密钥分发系统与指挥信息系统的深度融合、与作战系统和通信网络系统的自动协同筹划奠定了基础。     

箔条和箔片的性能特性及其应用和趋势

从箔条和箔片用于干扰雷达测和扰乱、迷惑、转移或者引诱进攻出发,详细论述箔条、箔条云及箔片、箔片云的雷达散射截面、带度、平移速度、下降速度及转动等情况,空间和时间我、水平和垂直极化性能、多普勒频移效应以及频谱展宽特性等,通过箔条和箔片有效成火控雷达实例,提出对抗火控雷达的三个重要因素及其采取的对策。     

探测通信一体化研究现状与发展趋势

探测通信一体化将独立的探测与通信系统集成一起,通过共用一套硬件设备实现目标探测与信息传输功能,相比传统单一的探测与通信系统,其具有节约平台空间、降低平台能耗以及提高平台安全性等优点。首先介绍国内外陆上雷达通信一体化的相关研究,以及陆上与水下探测通信一体化的区别。结合水声传感网络的应用背景,借鉴雷达通信一体化研究技术,针对探测通信一体化亟需解决的共享波形设计、自干扰抑制以及共享信号处理三个问题,讨论了水下探测通信一体化在单基地、双基地、信息化、安全性方面的发展应用。无论是陆上还是水下,探测与通信作为信息系统的两大功能,两者的一体化设计是系统集成化、信息化、智能化的发展趋势之一。      

TCG架构下的证明问题研究及进展

证明问题是可信计算的核心问题之一.TCG架构下的证明问题解决方案由于可扩展性差、不灵活、容易暴露平台隐私以及性能低,正在成为可信计算的应用、推广和普及的瓶颈,严重地阻碍了可信计算在更广的范围内进行延伸和拓展.介绍了证明的基本概念并给出形式化定义,详细阐述了三元和四元证明系统的基本架构及工作机制,并指出平台身份证明采用了“推”式四元证明系统,而平台配置证明仍然采用三元证明系统.分析了当前对TCG架构下的平台身份证明、平台环境状态配置信息证明以及平台动态环境状态（运行时环境状态）证明等三个方面开展的研究工作,并对这些工作进行了总结.结合已有的研究成果,探讨了TCG架构下的证明问题的研究方向及其面临的挑战.     

A bang-bang PLL employing dynamic gain control for low jitter and fast lock times

Bang-bang phase detector based PLLs are simple to design, suffer no systematic phase error, and can run at the highest speed a process can make a working flip-flop. For these reasons designers are employing them in the design of very high speed Clock Data Recovery (CDR) architectures. The major drawback of this class of PLL is the inherent jitter due to quantized phase and frequency corrections. Reducing loop gain can proportionally improve jitter performance, but also reduces locking time and pull-in range. This paper presents a novel PLL design that dynamically scales its gain in order to achieve fast lock times while improving jitter performance in lock. Under certain circumstances the design also demonstrates improved capture range. This paper also analyses the behaviour of a bang-bang type PLL when far from lock, and demonstrates that the pull-in range is proportional to the square root of the PLL loop gain. Michael Chan received his bachelor degrees in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of Queensland in 2003. He is currently working towards his PhD at the same institution. His research interests include the design of high-speed clock and data recovery systems, and high speed phase locked loops. Adam Postula received the M.S. degree in electrical engineering from the Warsaw University of Technology, Poland, in 1974 and the Ph.D. degree in signal processing from the Poznan University of Technology, Poland, in 1981. He was an Electronic System Designer with ABB Sweden and a Researcher with the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, from 1983 to 1992. He led the development of high-level synthesis tools at the Swedish Institute of Microelectronics and was engaged in VHDL standardization in Europe. Since 1995, he has been a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. His research interests include digital system design methodology, synthesis of digital systems, specialized processor architectures, and VLSI signal processing. Ding Yong received his PhD from University of London in electrical engineering in 1991. He was with National University of Singapore as a research scientist working in industrial research projects on data channel and servo-system for CD technology. In 1995, he joined VLSI design group of Western Digital as a principle engineer, where he was engaged in the IC design of Hard Disk Controller and CD-ROM Decoder and Controller. From 2000, he has been leading a mixed-signal design group as design manager and chief architect with Nano Silicon responsible for development of high-speed serial data transmission IPs. Lech Jóźwiak is an Associate Professor, Head of the Section of Digital Circuits and Formal Methods, at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. He received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electronics from the Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland, in 1976 and 1982, respectively. From 1979 to 1986, he was a chief of two R&D teams in the Research Institute of Computers in Warsaw, and consultant to the United Nations Industrial Development Organization and industry. From 1986, he works mainly in the Netherlands, but also from time to time in USA, Canada, Australia, Belgium and Poland, combining advanced theoretical research with professional engineering practice and collaborating with industry, academia and governments. He is an author of a new information-driven approach to digital circuit synthesis, and new theories and methodologies of information relationships and measures, general decomposition and quality-driven design that have a considerable practical importance. He is also a creator of a number of practical products in the fields of application-specific (embedded) systems and EDA tools. His research interests include system, circuit, information and design theories and technologies, decision and optimization methodology, artificial intelligence, circuit and system design and EDA, re-configurable and massively parallel high-performance systems, embedded systems, and system dependability, analysis and validation. He is an author of more than 130 journal and conference papers and of some book chapters. He is a Director of EUROMICRO, co-founder and Steering Committee Chair of the EUROMICRO Symposium on Digital System Design, VIP in the IEEE International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, program committee member of many other conferences, member of IEEE, EDAA, and of the Advisory Committee of the IEE Professional Network Embedded and Real-Time System Engineering. He is an advisor to the industry, Ministry of Economy and Commission of the European Communities in the fields of microelectronics, information technology, technology development and transfer, and SMEs.     

Metal Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Devices: Promising Technology for Next‐Generation Displays

As the requirements and expectation for displays in society are growing, higher standards of the display technology are proposed, including wider color gamut, higher color purity, and higher resolution. The recent emergence of light‐emitting halide perovskites has come with numerous advantages, such as high charge‐carrier mobility, tunable emission wavelength, narrow emission linewidth, and intrinsically high photoluminescence quantum yield. Recent advancement of perovskite‐based light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) as a promising technology for next‐generation displays is reviewed. Here, how the attractive optical and electrical properties of perovskite materials can be translated into high PeLED performance are discussed, and working mechanisms and optimization approaches of both perovskite materials and the respective devices are analyzed. On the material side this includes the control of size and composition of perovskites grains and nanocrystals, surface and interface passivation, doping and alloying, while on the device side this includes the interfacial engineering and energy level adjustments, and photon emission enhancement. Several challenges such as performance of blue PeLEDs, the environmental and operational stability of PeLEDs, and the toxicity issues of lead halide perovskites are discussed, and perspectives on future developments of perovskite materials and PeLEDs for the display technology are offered.     

多自由度无人船系统建模

本文通过对多自由度下无人船的运行情况分析,提出了多自由度的无人船建模方法,主要是通过分析建立无人船的六自由度的MMG分离型模型,并依次减少一个自由度,推导出了其五自由度、四自由度与三自由度下的数学运动模型,解决了无人船在各个自由度下的建模问题.在建模时依次讨论了各个自由度下无人船舵、螺旋桨、粘性流体动力的力与力矩模型,...     

Charging for ATM services

Advances in analog and digital telecommunications technology have provided us with a wide range of telecommunications networks since the invention of the analog telephony network by Bell in 1876, such as wireless and wired CATV networks, local, metropolitan, and wide area networks, and the Internet; and a range of protocols to go with these networks, such as Internet Protocol or ATM. Charging for services delivered across these networks has always been an issue of major concern to providers and users of telecommunications services. The ability to charge accurately and efficiently for a service is directly related to the potential quality, value, flexibility, and customer care available to the customer, and, equally important, provides a means of survival, growth, and profitability to the provider. ATM is becoming a significant carrier of telecommunications services because its technology can accommodate a wide variety of services such as multimedia on demand, voice services, or videoconferencing, demanded by today's rapidly changing market. While there are many schemes in use for the charging of mobile and fixed telephony, the area of Internet charging and, in particular, ATM charging is relatively uncharted to date. In this article we address the challenge of developing methods of charging for ATM services, and show solutions in the form of technical and commercial recommendations and a practical implementation of these recommendations     

远红外辐射黑瓷板研制及其性能研究

以提钒尾渣为主要原料制造的黑瓷远红外辐射板,具有宽泛的烧结温度、突出的着色作用和优良的成瓷性能,第四周期过渡金属氧化物的含量大于80%,辐射率高达0.95,经过2 000 h、650℃加速老化试验,辐射率无变化,黑瓷板表面层不会脱落。通过扫描电镜对素坯板和黑瓷板的断口形貌和显微组织进行观察发现,素坯板主要由钛铁矿、板钛铁矿和拉长石等矿物组成,颗粒间呈机械混合状态,黑瓷板由晶粒、玻璃体和气孔组成,原料中大部分金属氧化物转移到晶粒中富集,形成堇青石、锂辉石、锆英石等矿物,被玻璃体紧密包围,热冲击性优良,化学稳定性好,无毒无害无放射性,是一种成本低、寿命长、效率高的远红外辐射体。