A novel chromatic dispersion monitoring method for 1 024 QAM fiber-optic system based on asynchronous amplitude sampling

A new chromatic dispersion (CD) monitoring method is proposed, and the CD monitoring is achieved on the whole range of 0—600 ps/nm. A dual-polarization (DP)-1 024 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) 400 Gbit/s CD monitoring system is built using OptiSystem14.0 software. With different optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) values, different filter bandwidths or different duty cycles, the simulations are carried out. The simulation results show that this new CD monitoring method can be less affected by noise and has a high tolerance for different filter bandwidths. At the same time, this method can do effective CD monitoring on the signal with duty cycle greater than 80%. A high sensitivity in 0—200 ps/nm can be achieved using this CD monitoring method. The technique supports a wide range of data traffic and enhances operation flexibility of optical networks. This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.61274121 and 61574080). E-mail:zhub@njupt.edu.cn      

A novel chromatic dispersion monitoring method for 400 Gbit/s 256 QAM fiber-optic system based on asynchronous amplitude sampling

A novel chromatic dispersion (CD) monitoring technique based on asynchronous amplitude sampling (AAS) is proposed for a higher modulation format and higher rate system. The dispersion and other impairment factors can be separated with the definition of monitoring parameter M. A 400 Gbit/s 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) system is built using Optisystem13.0 beta software. Simulations of CD monitoring technique for different bandwidths of sampling Gaussian filter, optical signal to noise ratios (OSNRs) and duty cycles are investigated, and the tolerance is also discussed. Simulation results show that the method can be less affected by noise, and a higher accuracy of 600 ps/(nm.km) can be achieved. The technique supports a wide range of data traffic and enhances operation flexibility of optical networks.     

Optical Performance Monitoring of Phase-Modulated Signals Using Asynchronous Amplitude Histogram Analysis

As optical networks continue to grow towards high capacity and high flexibility, new transmission technologies are being introduced. In order to maintain the quality of signal and control over network in the transparent domains, optical performance monitoring (OPM) systems are becoming a necessity. Phase modulation formats emerge as the solution of choice in transparent domains because of their sensitivity, spectral efficiency, and resilience to optical impairments. In this paper, we demonstrate a flexible OPM method for phase-modulated signals using asynchronous amplitude histogram analysis. We show numerically and experimentally the monitoring of optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR), chromatic dispersion (CD), and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) for differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) and differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) signals. The OSNR can be measured within range of 20-35 dB and accumulated chromatic dispersion between 600 and 600 ps/nm. The asynchronous amplitude histogram monitoring method is proved to be a precise and versatile monitoring tool for high-capacity optical networks.     

All-Optical Chromatic Dispersion Monitoring for Phase-Modulated Signals Utilizing Cross-Phase Modulation in a Highly Nonlinear Fiber

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an all-optical chromatic dispersion (CD) monitoring technique for phase-modulated signals utilizing the cross-phase-modulation effect between the input signal and the inserted continuous-wave probe. The probe's optical spectrum changes with the accumulated CD on the input signal, indicating that the optical power variations can be measured for monitoring. The experimental results show that this technique can monitor up to 120 ps/nm of CD for a 40-Gb/s return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (RZ-DPSK) transmission system, with the maximum measured optical power increment of 16.5 dB. The applicability of this monitoring technique to higher bit-rate phase-modulated signals, such as 80-Gb/s RZ differential quadrature phase-shift keying and 80-Gb/s polarization-multiplexed RZ-DPSK, is also investigated via simulation.      

基于异步幅度抽样的高速光信号色散监测方法

针对目前异步幅度统计直方图（AAH）对色散监测范围小、灵敏度低的缺点,提出一种基于异步幅度抽样（AAS）的色散监测方法,定义无量纲色散监测参数G,将色散与其他损伤因子分离开。使用 OptiSystem9.0 软件搭建了200Gbps DP-16QAM 监测系统,在不同信噪比和占空比下进行色散监测仿真实验,探讨了信噪比和占空比对该方法的监测精度的影响,并对色散监测误差进行了分析。仿真结果表明基于该参数的色散监测方法受噪声因子影响小、精确度高,能实现在0~600 ps/nm 全范围内对色散的有效监测,为在更高阶调制信号的光纤通信系统中进行色散监测管理提供一定的参考。     

基于光相位信号延时自相干的相位信息高速实时取样系统

提出了一种基于光相位信号自相干的高速光相位实时取样方案。利用时延为10ps的延时干涉仪(DI),将待测光信号的相位信息转换为强度信息;再在高非线性光纤(HNLF)中,利用四波混频(FWM)效应对强度信号进行取样。在接收端,利用不同中心波长的光滤波器(OBPF)即可滤出不同时间点的取样信号,从而在光域同时完成高速光相位信息的实时取样和取样信号的串-并转换。本文方案具有成本低、对测信号码率和波长不敏感的优点。实验中,对9GHz正弦调制以及10Gb/s非归零码调制的光相位信号实现了100G/s的高速实时取样系统,并转换为10路10G/s取样信号输出,最终恢复取样光信号的相位波形。     

Multiplexing Scheme of Long-Period Grating Sensors Based on a Modified Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry

We propose a novel quasi-real-time sensing scheme by employing a modified optical frequency domain reflectometry technique to multiplex long-period grating (LPG) sensors of transmission mode. Different sensing signals are demodulated by different beat signals through presetting different values for the optical path differences between the measuring arms and a static reference arm. The amplitude of each beat signal is associated with the transmissivity of a sensing LPG. The present multiplexing scheme has the advantages of real-time, high speed, high sensitivity, large capacity, and high resolution over an intermediate length. A measurement of fiber bending curvature is demonstrated to verify good performances of the present LPG sensing system.      

基于级联相位调制器和光衰减器的光频梳产生研究

提出了一种基于级联相位调制器和光衰减器的光 频梳产生方案,建立了方案的理论模型并进行了 系统验证,研究了射频(radio frequency,RF) 信号幅度和光衰减器衰减系数对光频梳平坦度的影响。结果表明数值 计算与实验 结果一致性较好,通过调整RF驱动信号幅度和光衰减器衰减系数可产生梳线数量为15条、平坦度为 0.8 dB,边模抑制比(side-mode suppression ratio,SMSR) 为5.05 dB的光频梳。方 案中引入滤波器后,在梳线数量保持不变的前 提下,其平坦度和SMSR可分别提高62.5%和61.4%。     

A novel frequency-offset monitoring technique for direct-detection DPSK systems

We propose and demonstrate a novel technique to monitor the frequency offset between the optical source and delay interferometer (DI) for direct-detection differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) systems. In this scheme, a phase-modulated tone is applied to DPSK signals at the transmitter and then detected after being converted into an amplitude-modulated tone at the DI to be used for the monitoring signal. Our experimental demonstration shows that the monitoring range and sensitivity of the proposed scheme are measured to be /spl plusmn/2 GHz and /spl sim/10 MHz, respectively, which we believe are good enough to be used either to generate alarm signals for the frequency offset monitoring or to control the feedback loop of the DI.     

In-line performance monitoring for RZ-DPSK signals using asynchronous amplitude histogram evaluation

The asynchronous amplitude histogram evaluation technique has been applied to in-line performance monitoring for return-to-zero differential phase-shift keying (RZ-DPSK) signals. The principle of operation was studied by simulation and experiment. It has been demonstrated that residual dispersion and signal optical signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained by Gaussian curve fitting of only one peak in the amplitude histogram of the RZ-DPSK signal.     

1-Gsymbol/s 64-QAM Coherent Optical Transmission Over 150 km

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is an excellent modulation format for realizing optical communication systems with a high spectral efficiency of much greater than 1bit/s/Hz. We describe QAM coherent optical communication that we achieved by using heterodyne detection with a frequency-stabilized fiber laser and an optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) technique. The phase error variance of the intermediate frequency signal of the OPLL was 6.1times10^-3 rad. A 1-Gsymbol/s 64-QAM coherent signal was successfully transmitted over 150km     

基于半导体光放大器环形腔的全光频率倍增/恢复

提出了一种利用具有干涉作用的半导体光放大器(SOA)环形腔实现全光频率倍增/恢复的新方法,该方法同相关实验比较具有显著优势.数值结果表明:2.5 GHz的光脉冲序列注入SOA环形腔,可输出重复频率为5～25 GHz振幅均衡、与入射光偏振无关的光脉冲序列;SOA的偏置电流对SOA环形腔输出脉冲振幅的均衡度影响显著,对于基频为2.5 GHz和10 GHz输入脉冲序列分别存在一最佳的SOA偏置电流值;从传输速率为2.5 Gbit/s的27-1伪随机信号中可提取出重复频率为分别2.5 GHz和5 GHz的幅度均衡的时钟信号.     

基于DCO-OFDM与PAM-DMT的混合传输系统性能研究*

针对可见光通信(Visible Light Communication,VLC)系统中传统非对称限幅光正交频分复用(ACO-OFDM)及直流偏置光正交频分复用(DCO-OFDM)系统存在的不足,提出了一种基于DCO-OFDM与脉冲幅度调制-离散多音频调制(PAM-DMT)混合技术传输方案,并给出了一种接收端低复杂度信号检测算法.该混合传输系统不仅可以通过改变调制方式以得到更为灵活的数据传输速率,还可以在相同数据速率下叠加较小的直流信号.最后通过蒙特卡洛仿真验证了所提设计的有效性.     

A full-duplex optical access system with hybrid 64/16/ 4QAM-OFDM downlink

A full-duplex optical passive access scheme is proposed and verified by simulation, in which hybrid 64/16/4-quadrature amplitude modulation (64/16/4QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) optical signal is for downstream transmission and non-return-to-zero (NRZ) optical signal is for upstream transmission. In view of the transmitting and receiving process for downlink optical signal, in-phase/quadrature-phase (I/Q) modulation based on Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and homodyne coherent detection technology are employed, respectively. The simulation results show that the bit error ratio (BER) less than hardware decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold is successfully obtained over transmission path with 20-km-long standard single mode fiber (SSMF) for hybrid downlink modulation OFDM optical signal. In addition, by dividing the system bandwidth into several sub-channels consisting of some continuous subcarriers, it is convenient for users to select different channels depending on requirements of communication.     

Experimental demonstration and analysis of all-optical label swapping based on RZ-DQPSK/IRZ-ASK modulation format

A novel optical return zero differential quadrature phase shifted keying/inverse return zero amplitude shifted keying(RZ-DQPSK/IRZ-ASK) orthogonal modulation format scheme for all-optical label swapping is analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The transmission characteristics of RZ-DQPSK/IRZ-ASK modulation format transmission system are demonstrated.Results show that high extinction ratio is obtained for IRZ-ASK label signal while at the same time the all-optical label swapping,differential quadrature p...     

Coherent detection of optical quadrature phase-shift keying signals with carrier phase estimation

This paper describes a coherent optical receiver for demodulating optical quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signals. At the receiver, a phase-diversity homodyne detection scheme is employed without locking the phase of the local oscillator (LO). To handle the carrier phase drift, the carrier phase is estimated with digital signal processing (DSP) on the homodyne-detected signal. Such a scheme presents the following major advantages over the conventional optical differential detection. First, its bit error rate (BER) performance is better than that of differential detection. This higher sensitivity can extend the reach of unrepeated transmission systems and reduce crosstalk between multiwavelength channels. Second, the optoelectronic conversion process is linear, so that the whole optical signal information can be postprocessed in the electrical domain. Third, this scheme is applicable to multilevel modulation formats such as M-array PSK and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The performance of the receiver is evaluated through various simulations and experiments. As a result, an unrepeated transmission over 210 km with a 20-Gb/s optical QPSK signal is achieved. Moreover, in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) environment, coherent detection allows the filtering of a desired wavelength channel to reside entirely in the electrical domain, taking advantage of the sharp cutoff characteristics of electrical filters. The experiments show the feasibility to transmit polarization-multiplexed 40-Gb/s QPSK signals over 200 km with channel spacing of 16 GHz, leading to a spectral efficiency as high as 2.5 b/s/Hz.     

一种采用光学相位分集接收技术的相干光正交频分复用远端接入系统

提出了一种采用基于光学相位分集接收技术实现远程相干光正交频分复用(CO-OFDM)信号的远程光接入方案,并进行了理论研究和仿真验证。在本方案中,没有使用色散补偿光纤(DCF)或者色散补偿模块(DCM)补偿光纤信道色散导致的负面效应,原因是CO-OFDM信号能有效抵抗传输过程中色度色散(CD)和偏振模色散(PMD)引起的负面效应。仿真结果表明,10Gbit/s CO-OOFDM信号在标准单模光纤(SMF-28)传输320km后,采用相位估计技术得到的OFDM电信号,其时域波形的相位抖动幅度更小;与采用光载波自提取技术接收相位调制COOFDM的方案进行比较,测试误差向量幅度(EVM)的结果表明,本文方案可以获得更好的COOFDM信号接收性能,星座图中星座点收敛更加紧凑,接收的CO-OFDM信号质量更高。     

Optical Phase Noise Extraction and Amplification Technique Through Four-Wave Mixing and its Application to Optical Phase Noise Monitoring in (D)PSK Systems

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical phase noise extraction and amplification (OPNEA) technique for phase-shift keying (PSK) signals. It could effectively extract and amplify the phase noise carried in the incoming PSK signals. By applying this OPNEA technique to optical phase-noise (PN) monitoring, a 13-dB monitoring dynamic range and a 0.2-dB/degree monitoring sensitivity were achieved. The monitoring performance is effectively improved compared with an optical PN direct-monitoring scheme based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer.      

Application of optical frequency comb generation with controlled delay circuit for managing the high capacity network system

The generation of optical frequency comb (OFC) with novel controlled delay circuit is presented in this study. The proposed OFC is based on a single laser source which is cascadingly connected with three modulators; all the modulators are tailored by RF signal while incorporating no phase shifter or electrical/optical amplifier. The proposed OFC is used as a source at optical line terminal (OLT) of WDM-PON setup, which serves multiple users with a single laser source making OLT side very cost effective. 41 comb lines with over 40 dB tone to noise ratio and high side mode suppression ratio, least amplitude difference of under 0.3 dB, with cost effective setup is an attractive source for WDM-PON system. The frequency spacing is 32 GHz between OFCG lines which provides enough bandwidth for data transmission, the overall bandwidth provided by this scheme is 1.2 THz. Using DPSK modulation technique across each frequency of OFCG, the controlled delay circuit increases the capacity by factor two, whereas by deploying DQPSK modulation technique, it quadrupled the overall capacity in downlink transmission. Thus, the system offers four times increased capacity ∼1.6 Tbps by deploying state of the art technique for modulation and generating OFC with controlled delay. The average power penalty in the downlink and uplink transmission is 2.5 dBm and 3.13 dBm.     

A novel colorless WDM passive optical network delivering up/downstream signals and video broadcast signal simultaneously

A colorless wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network delivering up/downstream signals and video broadcast signal (VBS) simultaneously is presented in this paper. In this scheme, subcarrier modulation technique is adopted at the optical line terminal. Here un-modulated double-sideband subcarriers and optical carriers operating in different wavelength bands are used for downstream and video broadcast signal transmission, respectively. The use of differential-phase-shift-keying (DPSK) modulation for downstream transmission enables effective upstream transmission by direct re-modulation. The simulation results demonstrated with 2.5-Gb/s up/downstream signals and video broadcasting signal show this approach could work very well.