Optimisation of supercritical CO2 extraction of grape seed oil using response surface methodology

The aim of this study was to use waste from the wine production process with special accent on grape seeds and new green technology. Supercritical CO₂ was considered as a green solvent in extraction of grape seed oil. The effects of different extraction process parameters on oil yield and antioxidant activity were investigated. Extraction optimisation was conducted using response surface methodology (RSM). Extraction pressure has proven to be the most significant factor influencing oil yield and antioxidant activity (P < 0.0001). The optimal conditions for obtaining the highest oil yield and antioxidant activity within the experimental range of the variables studied were at extraction pressure of 400 bar and temperature of 41 °C. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted extraction oil yield was 14.49% and DPPH 37.07%. Applying this green extraction method, the oil from grape seeds was totally extracted. The produced oil was of satisfactory quality, and the content of α‐tocopherol in obtained grape seed oil at optimal extraction conditions was 36.05 mg kg^?1.     

当归根油超临界流体萃取工艺的研究

研究了超临界流体萃取当归根油的工艺,通过正交试验优化得出最佳萃取工艺,即萃取压力30MPa,萃取温度50℃,CO2流量9kg／h,萃取时间3h,在此条件下当归根油的萃取得率为2．47％。     

超临界CO2流体萃取米糠油研究

通过超临界CO2流体萃取米糠油研究,总结萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间和物料水分含量对米糠出油率影响。结果表明,最适宜萃取条件为:萃取压力30 MPa、萃取温度45℃、萃取时间80 min、物料水分含量为5％～6％,出油率达14．32％;同时测定超临界CO2流体萃取米糠油中脂肪酸甘油酯组成,得出油酸甘油酯、亚油酸甘油酯和棕榈酸甘油酯占总脂肪酸甘油酯90％以上,其中,油酸甘油酯和亚油酸甘油酯占总脂肪酸甘油酯70％以上;通过超临界CO2法与压榨法比较,超临界CO2流体法萃取米糠油不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,理化指标也优于压榨法,因萃取温度低,防止提取过程中油脂氧化,因此超临界CO2流体萃取是一种较好提取米糠油方法。     

超临界CO2流体萃取红花籽油研究

通过超临界CO2流体萃取红花籽油试验,研究物料粉碎度、萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间对红花籽油萃取效果影响。结果表明,超临界CO2流体萃取红花籽油最佳工艺条件为:粉碎度30目、萃取压强30 MPa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间2 h．     

超临界流体萃取技术在提取功能性油脂中的应用

介绍了超临界流体萃取技术的基本原理和特点以及各种因素：超临界流体、操作条件、原料的颗粒度与水分、夹带剂等对萃取效率的影响,同时综述了用超临界流体萃取功能性油脂的应用概况。     

龙眼核油的GC-MS分析及其超临界CO_2萃取工艺优化

利用超临界CO2流体萃取龙眼核油,在单因素试验基础上,采用正交试验设计,考察萃取压力、萃取温度、解析温度、不同粒度对龙眼核油萃取收率的影响。研究得出最佳萃取条件为萃取温度35℃、解析温度30℃、萃取压力20MPa、龙眼核粒度40～60目,在此条件下龙眼核油萃取收率为4.2%。GC-MS分析表明,龙眼核油中含22种成分,其中主要不饱和脂肪酸为油酸(42.07%),主要饱和脂肪酸为棕榈酸(20.45%)。     

Recovery of aroma compounds from Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar by supercritical fluid extraction

Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar, which is produced from sticky rice through solid‐state fermentation, is highly prized as one of the four famous China‐style vinegars, owing to its unique flavour. In this study, a method of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used for the first time to recover aroma compounds from Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar. For this purpose, the optimal conditions for the extraction of aroma compounds by SFE were determined as follows: CO₂ flow rate, 25 L h^?1; extraction time, 2 h; extraction pressure, 35 MPa; and extraction temperature, 323 K. Using headspace solid‐phase microextraction‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS) analysis, a total of 49 and 44 aroma compounds were identified in Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar and its SFE extract, respectively. Acetic acid, ethyl acetate, furfural, phenethyl alcohol, tetramethyl‐pyrazine, 3‐hydroxybutanone and benzaldehyde were the main aroma compounds in the vinegar and its SFE extract. SFE is a fast and sensitive method to recovery aroma compounds from the vinegar.     

超临界流体制取火麻籽油的工艺研究

火麻籽油是一种天然优质的养生保健油。为得到品质更好、得率更高的火麻籽油,对火麻籽油进行超临界流体萃取,通过正交试验探讨温度、压力、时间对火麻籽油出油效率的影响,并观察试验所得油脂颜色的变化。综合考虑压力对出油效率和出油品质的影响,得到超临界流体萃取火麻籽油的最优工艺条件为温度45℃、压力30 MPa、时间2 h,此条件下的出油效率88.43%,所得油脂的色泽为黄35红2.0,其中压力对所得油脂的颜色影响最为显著。超临界流体萃取火麻籽油的不饱和脂肪酸质量分数高达90.65%,其中亚油酸和亚麻酸质量分数别高达55.55%和25.70%,高于其他工艺方法所制取火麻籽油的相应成分含量。     

Optimisation of oil extraction from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) by hydraulic pressing

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the processing conditions (pretreatment temperature: 5–55 °C, pressure: 60–120 bar and number of pressing stages: 1–3) on the yield and quality (free fatty acids, peroxide value, p‐anisidine and Rancimat induction period) of the oil extracted from whole sardine by hydraulic pressing. Experimental factors were investigated by a designed experiment and optimised by response surface methodology. A maximum yield of oil, 12.47%, was obtained at 55 °C, 60 bar and two pressing stages. Regarding oil quality, it was found minimum values for acidity (0.25% oleic at 55 °C, 60 bar and one pressing stage) and for peroxide value (0.29 meq kg^?1 oil at 5 °C, 60 bar and one pressing stage). Hence, the opposite effect of pretreatment temperature and number of pressing stages on the yield of oil and on its oxidation parameters suggested applying the weighted‐sum method as multiobjective optimisation technique.     

超临界二氧化碳萃取石榴籽油的研究

利用超临界CO2对石榴籽中石榴籽油的萃取进行了研究,研究了粉碎度、装料量、萃取压力、萃取温度、CO2流量、分离压力和分离温度对石榴籽油萃取率的影响。试验表明,超临界CO2萃取石榴籽油的工艺参数是粉碎度40目、装料量200g、萃取压力30MPa、萃取温度40℃、CO2流量15L/h、分离压力8MPa、分离温度35℃,萃取率23.55%。     

超临界CO_2萃取葡萄籽油的研究

提出了超临界CO2 萃取葡萄籽油的方法 ,研究了不同萃取压力、温度、流量、颗粒细度和萃取时间对葡萄籽出油率及油品质的影响。     

超声波辅助超临界CO2提取枸杞籽油工艺条件研究

以枸杞籽为原料,采用超声波辅助超临界CO2提取枸杞籽油.以出油率为指标考察超声波处理条件的影响,在单因素试验基础上,通过正交试验优化超声波处理条件.结果表明,在超声波处理温度60℃、功率300 W、时间6 min的条件下,枸杞籽油的出油率可达到22.35%.     

均匀设计优化超临界CO2提取含原花青素的葡萄籽油

以原花青素的提取率和葡萄籽的出油率为考察指标,利用均匀设计法对超临界CO2萃取时间、萃取压力、萃取温度进行了优化,得到最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力15 MPa,萃取时间3 h,萃取温度50 ℃;在最佳条件下葡萄籽出油率为(10.92±0.25)%,原花青素提取率为(23.4±7.2)mg/100 g.在加入无水乙醇夹带剂的前提下,利用超临界CO2萃取葡萄籽油,可以使油中含有原花青素,提高葡萄籽油的品质.     

超临界CO2萃取肉桂精油的初步研究

文章研究了CO2流量、萃取压力、萃取时间和萃取温度四个因素对肉桂精油超临界CO2萃取的影响,以肉桂精油得率为指标,采用正交试验方法优选了萃取条件.结果表明:肉桂精油最佳萃取条件为,CO2流量为20 kg/h、萃取压力25 MPa、萃取时间2.5 h、萃取温度45℃,此条件下肉桂精油的得率为3.8%.     

超临界CO2萃取橘皮油的工艺研究

研究了超临界二氧化碳萃取橘皮油的工艺,分别讨论了萃取时间、萃取温度、萃取压力和原料粉碎度对橘皮油萃取得率的影响。试验结果:萃取橘皮油的最佳工艺条件为萃取时间为1.5h,萃取温度为55℃,萃取压力为40MPa,原料粒度为0.42mm,最高出油率为6.74%。所得橘皮油色泽为淡黄色,香气浓郁。     

CO_2超临界萃取技术提取麦胚芽油的研究

采用麦胚芽作为实验材料，比较系统地研究了在超临界状态下，预处理条件（水分含量，粉碎方法、粉碎度）、萃取条件（萃取温度与压力）、分离条件（分离温度与压力）对油脂萃取率的影响；分析了操作条件对油脂质量特别是ＶＥ的影响；确定了最佳工艺路线，为批量生产提供了依据。     

SFE-CO2萃取柑桔果皮精油的实验研究

通过研究原料处理方式及萃取压力、温度等条件对柑桔精油萃取得率的影响,得出结论认为新鲜干制果皮萃取精油得率高于陈年果皮,且比鲜果皮更有利于实际生产;萃取压力不是越高越好,压力与温度有紧密的连动关系,不同萃取条件中呈现出两个得率高峰(20MPa,40℃和30MPa,50℃),且前者得率更高;夹带剂的使用能有效增加萃取率.     

超临界CO2连续式萃取精馏鱼油中EPA和DHA的试验研究

研究了用超临界CO2萃取鱼油中EPA和DHA的连续式流程,探讨了鱼油与CO2流量比、压力、温度梯度对萃取效果的影响,并进一步探讨了萃取的工艺参数。     

超临界CO2流体萃取芦荟大黄素的研究

研究了超临界流体萃取芦荟中的芦荟大黄素的工艺,考察了萃取温度、压力和时间对芦荟大黄素萃取率的影响。结果表明,分离釜的温度、压力和CO2流量对萃取效率影响较小;最佳萃取条件为:静萃取时间为60min、动萃取时间为30 min、萃取压力25 MPa、萃取温度30℃、乙醇用量250 mL/100g,在此条件下芦荟大黄素的萃取量达3.83 mg/100g。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取米糠油成分的GC/MS分析

采用超临界CO2流体萃取法从米糠中萃取米糠油,最适宜的萃取工艺条件为:萃取压力35MPa,萃取温度45℃,萃取时间80min。用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对其甲酯化产物进行分析,用归一化法测定其相对百分含量。结果表明:超临界CO2流体萃取法共鉴定出19种成分,其中油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸占总脂肪酸的90.14%