光催化氧化处理亮蓝染料废水研究

对紫外光照射下二氧化钛光催化氧化处理亮蓝染料废水进行了研究。二氧化钛粉末采用溶胶-凝胶法制备。主要研究了紫外光照射时间、TiO2投入量、废水pH值、废水初始浓度和H2O2加入等因素对亮蓝转化率的影响。结果表明,亮蓝溶液初始浓度5×10^-5、溶液pH为3时加入30％H2O20．4mL／L、TiO20．5g／L,在紫外光照射60min下,亮蓝转化率可达75．6％,TiO2与H2O2间存在显著的协同效应。     

Fenton氧化法深度处理乙二醇生产工业废水的研究

采用Fenton试剂对工业废水进行深度处理,研究了FeSO4浓度、H2O2投加量、pH值及反应时间对废水处理效果的影响,确定了Fenton试剂氧化法处理萃取后工业废水的最佳条件：FeSO2·7H2O的浓度为0．66mol／L,H2O2的浓度为13．20mol／L,pH值为3,反应时间为40min。Fenton氧化后废水CODc,的去除率达97．27％。     

UV／Fenton处理苯酚废水的研究

采用UV／Fenton联合体系降解苯酚模拟废水,苯酚的初始质量浓度为300mg／L,COD。的初始质量浓度为760mg／L。探讨了pH值、H202（30％）和FeSO4·7H2O投加量、反应时间等因素对苯酚和CODcr去除率的影响。结果表明,UV／Fenton联合体系降解苯酚废水的最佳工艺条件是：溶液pH值为3、H2O2投加量为2．5mL／L、FeS04·7H20投加量为0．020g／L、反应时间为90min。此时,苯酚的去除率为95％,CODcr的去除率为90％。UV／Fenton联合体系能较好地处理苯酚废水。     

Fenton法深度处理干法腈纶废水

采用Fenton法深度处理干法腈纶废水,试验中考察了Fe2＋投加量、H2O2投加量、pH、反应时间等l习素对CODcr处理效果的影响,确定了反应过程中的最佳工艺参数,并分析了该法处理废水的作用机理。试验结果表明：影响Fenton氧化的因素从大到小依次为H2O2投加量、初始pH值、反应时间、Fe2＋投加量。最佳试验条件为：e（Fe2＋）为18．0mmol／L,dH2O2）为49．0mmol／L,pH为3．0,反应时间为30min。在此条件下出水COD。可降至47．4mg／L,去除率可达到80．3％。显示该方法对于干法腈纶废水的处理具有巨大的前景和潜力。     

UV-Fenton法处理草浆造纸废水的研究

采用UV-Fenton法对自偶氧化清洁制浆造纸废水进行处理.考察了废水pH、H2O2投加量、Fe2 投加量、反应时间以及紫外光强等对废水中CODCr去除率的影响,得到了最佳的工艺条件为pH 3.53、H2O2投加浓度46.19mmol/L、Fe2 投加浓度3.06 mmol/L,反应60 min后CODCr去除率达到67.13%,出水CODCr降到428 mg/L,改善了废水的可生化性,有利于进一步进行生化处理.     

Fenton氧化技术深度处理棉浆黑液的试验研究

采用Fenton氧化技术对棉浆黑液废水进行深度处理,通过单因素与正交试验,研究了pH、FeSO4投加量、H2O2投加量和反应时间等因素对COD去除率的影响,分析了各影响因子的作用机理。结果表明,处理废水的最佳条件为:废水初始pH=7、FeSO4投加浓度80mmol/L、H2O2投加浓度0.15mol/L、反应时间40min,在此条件下黑液COD去除率98%,处理后黑液的COD为45mg/L,达到国家化纤废水一级排放标准(COD100mg/L)。     

用硫酸亚铁和过氧化氢混合体系处理丁苯橡胶生产废水

用硫酸亚铁和过氧化氢混合体系处理了丁苯橡胶生产废水，优化了工艺条件，进行了稳定性实验，并对处理前后的废水进行了水质分析．结果表明，不必调节废水的pH值、反应温度为55℃、Fe^2＋用量为200mg／L、H2O2用量为1000mg／L、反应时间为40min、加入氢氧化钙将氧化处理后废水的pH值调至中性进行絮凝、加入用量为1 mg／L的聚丙烯酰胺助凝，可显著降低废水中的铁离子质量浓度，提高化学需氧量去除率，同时废水的可生化性显著提高，为后续生物处理创造了良好的条件。     

光催化降解对氯苯酚废水的研究

研究了TiO2光催化降解对氯苯酚的影响因素。结果表明：紫外光是有效的辐射光源；对氯苯酚浓度越低，光催化降解率越高；二氧化钛的适宜浓度为200mg／L：采用曝气装置可以提高对氯苯酚降解率；pH值越低，降解率越高；助氧化剂H2O2可提高对氯苯酚降解率，H2O2的适宜浓度为15mg／L。     

O3/H2O2深度处理制药废水二级出水试验研究

采用O3/H2O2氧化工艺深度处理制药废水二级生化出水,探讨了废水初始pH、H2O2投加量、O3投加量等因素对O3/H2O2氧化工艺的影响,确定了O3/H2O2氧化技术处理制药废水的最佳操作条件。结果表明,制药废水二级出水COD在480 mg/L左右时,pH为9,进臭氧质量浓度为1 247 mg/(L.h),处理时间为4.5h,COD去除率可达83%,B/C(BOD5/COD)从初始的0.007提升到0.32,较原水增高了46倍,大大提高了制药废水的生化性能,便于后续的生物处理。     

江汉油田钻井废水处理实验研究

以油田钻井废水为处理对象研究了预处理和类Fenton试剂催化氧化法深度处理工艺,考察了Fenton试剂投加量、反应条件、反应时间等单因数对处理效果的影响。确定了该处理工艺的最佳操作条件为：H202（30％）投加量为3mL／L,Fe2SO4·7H2O为900mg／L,H2O2／Fe^2＋（摩尔比）=9,pH值为3,反应时间为90min。废水中的主要污染物指标CODcr的去除率大于97％。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997