基于石墨烯/铟砷量子点/砷化镓异质结新型光电探测器

研究了一种石墨烯/铟砷量子点/砷化镓界面形成的异质结探测器的暗电流特性以及光电响应性质.虽然石墨烯具有很高的电子迁移率,但受限于较低的光子吸收率,使其在光电探测领域的应用受到了限制.而半导体量子点具有量子效率高,光吸收能力强等独特优点.于是利用石墨烯-砷化铟量子点-砷化镓异质结结构制备了一种新型光电探测器.并对该探测器的响应率、I-V特性曲线、暗电流特性、探测率、开关比等关键性能进行了研究.其在637 nm入射光情况下的响应率、探测率以及开关比可分别达到为17. 0 m A/W、2. 3×10~(10)cm Hz~(1/2)W~(-1)和1×10~3.而当入射光为近红外波段的940纳米时,响应率进一步增加到了207 m A/W.同时,还证实了该器件的暗电流、肖特基势垒高度和理想因子对温度的都具有较高的依赖性都较强.     

石墨烯纳米带p-i-n结构太赫兹探测器的设计

研究了石墨烯纳米带横向p-i-n结构探测器对太赫兹波的响应特性,基于载流子输运方程和泊松方程,建立了考虑迁移、扩散、生成、复合等载流子运动的太赫兹探测器数学模型。根据该模型,对石墨烯纳米带横向p-i-n结构的太赫兹波响应进行了仿真,获得了反向栅压诱导生成的p-i-n二极管的能带图;进而探讨了纳米带宽度、i区长度及偏置电压对响应电流的影响,分析表明石墨烯纳米带带隙随宽度增大而减小,响应频率减小;i区长度与载流子寿命匹配时响应电流达到峰值;光电流随偏置电压的增大而增大,并趋于饱和。     

砷化镓p-i-n结构中的干扰效应对太赫兹波产生的影响与优化

基于超短激光脉冲泵浦砷化镓（GaAs）p-i-n异质结结构产生太赫兹辐射模型,通过数值模拟和理论分析,研究了干扰效应对产生太赫兹辐射的影响,以及i层厚度与干扰效应之间的相关性。结果显示,干扰效应会降低太赫兹脉冲的强度并使其频谱展宽,而且随着i层厚度的增加干扰效应的影响也在增加,该结果与已有的蒙特卡罗模拟结果相近。数值实验表明,超短激光泵浦GaAs p-i-n结构产生太赫兹脉冲源自于该结构中i层内的载流子振荡,且太赫兹脉冲特性依赖于载流子的浓度分布,干扰效应的影响以及载流子浓度分布依赖于i层厚度。     

基于拓扑绝缘体异质结的宽带太赫兹探测器

二维材料中的新量子态对凝聚态物理和现代光电器件的发展具有重要意义。然而具有宽带、室温和快速响应能力的太赫兹光电探测技术,由于缺乏暗电流和光吸收之间的最佳平衡,仍然面临着巨大的挑战。在这项研究中,作者合成了新型拓扑绝缘体材料GeBi₄Te₇,并搭建了其与Bi₂Te₃的范德华异质结,以实现高灵敏度的太赫兹光电探测器。在平面金属-材料-金属结构中实现了在室温下将低光子能量太赫兹波段直接转化为光电流。结果表明,基于Bi₂Te₃-GeBi₄Te₇的太赫兹光电探测器能够实现0.02～0.54 THz的宽谱探测,且具有很高的光响应率(在0.112、0.27、0.5 THz下分别为592 V·W^-1、203 V·W^-1、40 V·W^-1),响应时间小于6μs。值得注意的是,它被用于高频太赫兹的成像应用演示。这些结果为Bi₂Te₃     

基于石墨烯材料的太赫兹波探测器研究进展

太赫兹波具有瞬态性、宽带性、穿透性和低能性等一系列独特性质,使其在材料研究、信息传递、环境检测、国防安全、医疗服务等方面展现了非常广阔的应用前景。作为该领域应用的关键,太赫兹探测器得到科研人员极大的重视。一般来讲,探测器的性能很大程度上依赖于基质材料的特性。石墨烯具有2个非常重要的优势,一是石墨烯具有线性能带结构,使得能够吸收太赫兹波;二是石墨烯具有超高载流子迁移率,能够进行超快探测。因此,石墨烯基有望成为太赫兹频段新一代高性能探测器的基质材料。详细综述了近几年关于石墨烯基太赫兹探测器的发展状况。     

基于石墨烯的太赫兹波调制器

石墨烯由于其优异的电学性能,在微波、毫米波、太赫兹波等领域显示出潜在的应用前景。本文设计了毫米波和亚太赫兹波频段的基于石墨烯的相位和幅值波导调制器。该石墨烯调制器可以通过调节石墨烯的表面阻抗来调控电磁波在波导中传播的振幅和相位;分析了石墨烯片的长度和位置对电磁波在波导中的透射和反射系数的影响,同时还分析了石墨烯化学势对电磁波在波导中传输和反射的影响。结果表明,通过调节石墨烯片的长度及其在矩形金属波导中的位置,可以调控调制器的反射系数、透射系数和透射相位调制范围,并满足器件级应用需求。     

碟形天线耦合的CVD石墨烯室温太赫兹探测器

基于本征高迁移率、无能隙光谱以及非特征频率吸收的特性,石墨烯在太赫兹频段的调制器和探测器应用被予以厚望。制备了碟形天线耦合的CVD石墨烯场效应晶体管太赫兹探测器,实现了室温的高灵敏太赫兹探测。采用Au膜辅助转移技术屏蔽了有机物对石墨烯的沾污,配合自对准工艺控制了栅源间寄生效应,石墨烯器件场效应迁移率达7 000 cm²/(V·s),且在室温下表现出较高的太赫兹探测灵敏度,0.3 THz频率下器件的电压响应率为50 V/W,噪声等效功率为58 pW/Hz^0.5。     

石墨烯太赫兹波段性质及石墨烯基太赫兹器件

石墨烯在太赫兹波段的优异性质,使其在太赫兹源、太赫兹探测和太赫兹调控三个方面都具备广阔的应用前景。主要对石墨烯在太赫兹波段的性质及石墨烯基太赫兹器件的相关研究进行了综述,并对石墨烯在太赫兹波段的应用前景进行了展望。在石墨烯太赫兹波段性质方面,主要介绍了石墨烯的电导模型、静态和超快光谱响应特性,以及表面太赫兹波辐射特性。在石墨烯基太赫兹器件方面,主要综述了基于光、电、磁调控的太赫兹主动器件,石墨烯基超材料的太赫兹调制器,基于阻抗匹配的减反射调控器件,以及可调太赫兹源器件的最新研究进展。     

太赫兹波探测器技术研究进展

对现有的几种常见太赫兹探测技术进行了总结,介绍了探测太赫兹脉冲信号的THz-TDS技术、外差探测的相干探测技术以及基于热吸收的直接探测技术。分析了等离子波探测器相对于传统电子和光子探测器的优势,并重点介绍了以石墨烯为材料的新型太赫兹探测器的研究进展。     

基于石墨烯的光控太赫兹调制器

研究了锗基单层石墨烯结构宽带光控太赫兹调制器。利用实验室搭建的太赫兹时域光谱系统,实验证明了在1 550 nm飞秒光泵浦下,该太赫兹调制器工作带宽为0.2~1.5 THz。当泵浦光功率从0增加到250 mW时,该太赫兹波调制器的平均透过率从40%下降到22%,平均吸收系数从19 cm-1增加到44 cm-1,在0.2~0.7 THz,调制深度均高于50%,最大调制深度为62%（0.38 THz）。实验结果表明,相比于纯锗基太赫兹调制器,单层石墨烯的引入能增强对太赫兹波的调制效果。     

Studies of high-speed metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector witha GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure

A GaAs/AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector (HMSM) with an active area of 100 μm×100 μm was developed and studied. The measured risetime of the device is 30 ps. The measured falltime is as short as 23 ps. The observed ultrafast response is attributed to the reduction of both the carrier transit time and the device capacitance due to the incorporation of the AlGaAs barrier layer. The HMSM is found to have a smaller saturation capacitance and saturates at a much lower bias voltage in comparison with the conventional MSM photodetector (CMSM). At a bias of 10 V, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the temporal response of the HMSM is more than 20% smaller than that of the CMSM. In addition, it is found that the peak impulse response for the HMSM is substantially larger than that of the CMSM under the same operation condition. Two-dimensional and equivalent circuit analyses were carried out to interpret the observed phenomena and to provide insight into the underlying physics     

Optimization of ohmic contacts for reliable heterostructure GaAs materials

We studied silver barrier ohmic (Ni/AuGe/Ag/Au) contacts to the GaAs based HEMT structures and observed strong dependence of the cleaning procedures on the ohmic con-tact resistance (R_c), its stability and reliability. The chemical profiles of the metal con-tacts before and after alloying were measured by SIMS. Samples cleaned with the com-bined plasma O₂ and NH₄OH process exhibited excellent results:R _c ∼ 0.1–0.12 ohm-mm when alloyed in the temperature range of 440–540° C and remained stable when subjected to a 200° C and 600mA/mm stress condition for 1000 hr.     

基于二维碲烯的太赫兹光电探测器

制备了金属-碲烯-金属的太赫兹光电探测器,实现了毫米波-太赫兹波下的光探测。结果表明,基于对数天线碲烯的太赫兹光电探测器在零偏压下具有较高的光响应率（40 mA /W,0.12 THz）,响应时间为8 μs,噪声等效功率（NEP）为4 pW·Hz^-0.5。研究结果为高性能室温太赫兹光探测提供了一种新的发展路径。     

Novel structure of GaAs-based interdigital-gated HEMT plasma devices for solid-state THz wave amplifier

Theoretical analysis of potential distribution in the interdigital-gated high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) plasma wave device was carried out. The dc I–V characteristics of capacitively coupled interdigital structure showed that uniformity of electric field under the interdigital gates was improved compared to the dc-connected interdigital gate structure. Admittance measurements of capacitively coupled interdigital gate structure in the microwave region of 10–40 GHz showed the conductance modulation by drain–source voltage. These results indicate the existence of plasma wave interactions.     

低损耗传输太赫兹波的Topas多孔纤维设计

以新型聚合物材料Topas环烯烃共聚物（COC）为基质,设计了一种能够低损耗传输太赫兹波的多孔纤维。应用全矢量有限元方法对传输特性的研究结果表明,该Topas多孔纤维在太赫兹波段具有宽带低损耗、低色散的特性:0.4~1.5 THz范围内的损耗小于0.2 cm-1;0.48~1.5 THz范围内的色散为1.80.3 psTHz-1cm-1。所设计的多孔纤维兼顾了结构简单、易于制备的特点。研究结论为Topas太赫兹波导的制备提供了理论指导。     

Integration of interdigital-gated plasma wave device for proximity communication system application

Interdigital-gated AlGaAs/GaAs high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) structure was used to investigate the interaction between the drifting carrier plasma waves and electromagnetic (EM) waves. It was shown theoretically that the interaction in the range from microwave to terahertz (THz) at room temperature should produce negative conductance characteristics when the carrier drift velocity slightly exceeds the phase velocity of EM waves. S-parameter reflection measurements were carried out at room temperature for a frequency range from 1 to 20 GHz and a drastic change in conductance was observed at 5 and 10 GHz with the increase of drain–source voltage. Large conductance change over 1000 mS/mm was obtained and it showed a peak at a certain frequency. The peak position could be controlled by changing the pitch size of the interdigital gates. These characteristics can be used for high-frequency applications such as high-speed switching devices although a feature size of our interdigital-gated HEMT device is much larger than conventional HEMT device.     

InGaAs/GaAs量子点红外探测器

与量子阱红外探测器相比,量子点红外探测器具有不制作表面光栅就能在垂直入射红外光照射下工作以及工作温度更高等优势。然而,目前阻碍量子点红外探测器性能提高的技术瓶颈主要来自组装量子点较差的大小均匀性、较低的量子点密度以及垂直入射下子带跃迁吸收效率低等原因。利用分子束外延技术研究了如何从量子点材料生长和器件设计两方面来克服这些困难,并且制作了几种不同结构的InGaAs/GaAs量子点红外探测器。 在77 K时,这些器件在垂直入射条件下观察到了很强的光电流信号。     

High Power InGaAsP/GaAs SCH SQW Lasers

InGaAsP/GaAs SCH SQW laers have been prepared by LPMOCVD.The dependence of threshold current density on cavity length was explained.Laser diodes are characterized by the output power of 1 W 20 W,threshold current density(Jth)of 330A/cm^2 to 450A/cm^2 and external differential quantum efficiency(ηd)of 35% to 75% ,and these characteristics are in good agreement with the designed requirement.     

透射窗口型GaAs/GaAlAs掩埋异质结构激光器

本文通过耦合速率方程组,从原理上分析了扩展半导体激光器调制带宽的三个根本途径,在理论计算的基础上给出本结构激光器的具体设计方案。最后介绍了器件的制作工艺和工作特性。