DS/CDMA同步信道中的多用户联合检测和译码

将迭代(Turbo)处理的思想应用于DS/CDMA系统同步信道的多用户检测和译码中,接收机利用信道译码的先验信息进行多用户前端处理,而其输出又作为信道译码器软输入,从而使多用户检测和信道译码联合进行,通过迭代逐渐逼近单用户性能,减少多址干扰的影响。仿真结果给出了迭代处理方法在不同信噪比条件下的比特误码率性能。     

一种频选衰落信道下的Turbo多用户检测算法

联合MAP多用户检测与信道解码的迭代多用户检测(MUD)技术可显著提高宽带移动CDMA系统的容量和性能.在多径时变衰落的编码信道下,提出一种迭代实现干扰抑制、符号估计、信道解码的Turbo多用户检测算法.在每次迭代中,MUD自适应地实现干扰抑制并输出符号估计的软信息,软输入软输出的信道解码器使用LOG MAP方法实现信道解码并反馈符号估计的软信息作为下一次TurboMUD迭代的先验信息.仿真结果证实了该算法在频选衰落信道下经两次迭代就能逼近单用户编码CDMA系统的接收性能.     

Turbo编码STBC系统中削弱误差传播的迭代多用户检测技术

空时编码(STC)技术将天线阵列信号处理和信道编码技术联合起来实现无线信道容量的有效增加。为了抑制空时分组编码(STBC)系统的共道用户干扰,对低复杂度的多用户检测算法进行研究,该文提出了一种STBC系统的迭代(turbo)多用户接收机。该接收机由一个软入软出(SISO)基于均值的软判决多用户检测器(Soft Decision Multi-User Detector, SDMUD)和一组SISO Turbo信道解码器构成。两者之间通过迭代交换外信息,精确地估计用户信号。仿真结果表明这种接收技术经3次迭代后性能改善约2dB,并且系统性能会随着接收天线的增多而得到明显提高,从而大大增加系统容量。     

异步编码CDMA系统中基于因子图的迭代多用户接收器

针对异步编码CDMA系统，本文提出了一种基于因子图的迭代多用户接收器，它是将用户信息比特对接收端噪声白化滤波器输出的条件后验概率分布用因子图表示，并采用和-积算法，经过有限次迭代获得用户信息比特的估计值．为降低计算复杂度，本文还提出一种简化算法．仿真结果表明，本文提出的迭代多用户接收器在经过几次迭代后的比特误码性能接近单用户系统；同时，简化算法的性能接近完全算法，但算法复杂度有明显改善．     

部分并行软干扰消除迭代多用户检测算法研究

本文提出了一种基于部分并行干扰消除(PPIC)结构的迭代多用户检测算法,并对基于PPIC的迭代多用户检测器的迭代结构进行了改进.由于PPIC多用户检测器前一级输出的信息的准确度会影响到后一级的检测,所以为了提高基于PPIC的迭代多用户检测器的性能,对PPIC每一级的输出信息结合最大后验概率(MAP)信道译码器单独进行迭代处理,这样就提高了PPIC每一级输出的信息的准确性.该迭代结构可用于其他基于PIC型的迭代多用户检测算法.     

一种低复杂度的Turbo多用户检测技术

基于Turbo原理,提出了一种适合于同步DS－CDMA系统的迭代多用户接收机结构,它通过在反复迭代的软输入出多用户检测器和一组信道译码之间获得连续的软判决,从而得到一种低复杂度的多用户检测算法－软MMSE干扰消除。     

编码的多载波CDMA系统中Turbo时空多用户检测

联合MAP多用户检测和信道译码的迭代多用户检测技术可显著提高多载波CDMA系统的容量和性能,本文给出了结合智能天线和迭代MAP多用户检测的Turbo时空多用户检测算法,该方法进一步提高了系统的性能.Turbo时空多用户检测算法不仅极大减小了传统最优MAP多用户检测算法的运算量,而且,此算法性能在AWGN和频率选择性衰落信道中都能逼近单用户编码多载波CDMA系统多天线接收的性能.     

一种基于检测信息可靠度的部分软干扰消除迭代多用户检测算法

该文提出了一种基于检测信息可靠度的部分软干扰消除迭代多用户检测算法。如果由从信道译码器所获得的发送字符的先验信息大于某一预定阈值,则认为对其检测具有较高的可靠度,因而可以考虑将其对应的多址干扰成分从匹配滤波器输出向量中直接消除,相当于减小了干扰用户的数目,从而可以减小迭代多用户检测算法的复杂度。该算法的计算复杂度能够随着多址干扰的减小和信道信噪比的增大而降低。     

基于生成矩阵的LDPC/Turbo码的构造及内外迭代译码新技术

提出了一种新的LDPC／Turbo码（简称L／T码）,及采用内外迭代译码新技术的简便实用的译码器。L／T码将原来Turbo编码中的两个子编码器分别用RSC码和LDPC码来代替,并由一个交织器连接。解码采用软输入／软输出的最大后验概率算法迭代执行,利用外信息的传递,每个子译码器都可以充分利用另一个在上一步计算中得到的结果。仿真在加性白高斯信道下进行,并将其结果和传统方法进行了比较。     

Turbo编码GMSK信号准相干解调时的迭代信道估计和译码研究

针对准相干解调Turbo编码GMSK信号,提出了一种简便的迭代信道估计算法。该方法基于Turbo码的迭代译码原理,将信道估计和译码联合考虑,利用译码器输出反馈进行迭代信道估计,从而提高了估计精度。仿真结果表明,该方法能显著地改善系统误码率性能。     

Decision-feedback soft-input/soft-output multiuser detector foriterative decoding of coded CDMA

The optimal decoding scheme for a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system that employs convolutional codes results in a prohibitive computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity, an iterative receiver structure was proposed for decoding multiuser data in a convolutional coded CDMA system. At each iteration, extrinsic information is exchanged between a soft-input/soft-output (SISO) multiuser detector and a bank of single-user SISO channel decoders. However, a direct implementation of the full-complexity SISO multiuser detector also has the exponential computational complexity in terms of the number of users. This paper proposes a low-complexity SISO multiuser detector based on tentative hard decisions that are made and fed back from the channel decoders in the previous iteration. The computational complexity of the proposed detector is linear in terms of the number of users and can be adjusted according to the complexity/performance tradeoff. Simulation results show that even with this simple feedback scheme, the performance of the coded multiuser system approaches that of the single-user system for moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)     

A low-complexity SISO multiuser detector for iterative decoding of asynchronous CDMA systems with convolutional codes

The optimal decoding scheme for asynchronous code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems that employ convolutional codes results in a prohibitive computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity, an iterative receiver structure was proposed for decoding multiuser data in a convolutional coded CDMA system. At each iteration, extrinsic information is exchanged between a soft-input soft-output (SISO) multiuser detector and a bank of single-user SISO channel decoders. A direct implementation of the optimal SISO multiuser detector, however, has exponential computational complexity in terms of the number of users which is still prohibitive for channels with a medium to large number of users. This paper presents a low-complexity SISO multiuser detector using the decision-feedback scheme, of which tentative hard decisions are made and fed back to the SISO multiuser from the previous decoding output. In the proposed scheme, the log-likelihood ratios (LLR) as well as the tentative hard decisions of code bits are fed back from the SISO decoders. The hard decisions are used to constrain the trellis of the SISO multiuser detector and the LLRs are used to provide a priori information on the code bits. The detector provides good performance/complexity tradeoffs. The computational complexity of the detector can be set to be as low as linear in the number of users. Simulations show that the performance of the low-complexity SISO multiuser detector approaches that of the single-user system for moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios even for a large number of users.     

Iterative (turbo) soft interference cancellation and decoding forcoded CDMA

The presence of both multiple-access interference (MAI) and intersymbol interference (ISI) constitutes a major impediment to reliable communications in multipath code-division multiple-access (CDMA) channels. In this paper, an iterative receiver structure is proposed for decoding multiuser information data in a convolutionally coded asynchronous multipath DS-CDMA system. The receiver performs two successive soft-output decisions, achieved by a soft-input soft-output (SISO) multiuser detector and a bank of single-user SISO channel decoders, through an iterative process. At each iteration, extrinsic information is extracted from detection and decoding stages and is then used as a priori information in the next iteration, just as in turbo decoding. Given the multipath CDMA channel model, a direct implementation of a sliding-window SISO multiuser detector has a prohibitive computational complexity. A low-complexity SISO multiuser detector is developed based on a novel nonlinear interference suppression technique, which makes use of both soft interference cancellation and instantaneous linear minimum mean-square error filtering. The properties of such a nonlinear interference suppressor are examined, and an efficient recursive implementation is derived. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed low complexity iterative receiver structure for interference suppression and decoding offers significant performance gain over the traditional noniterative receiver structure. Moreover, at high signal-to-noise ratio, the detrimental effects of MAI and ISI in the channel can almost be completely overcome by iterative processing, and single-user performance can be approached     

Iterative multiuser detection/decoding for turbo coded CDMA systems

We propose a novel scheme for iterative multiuser detection and turbo decoding. The multiuser detector and single-user turbo decoders are coupled such that after each turbo decoding iteration the extrinsic information of the interfering users is passed to the multiuser detector, and after each multiuser iteration, updated a posteriori probabilities are passed to the single-user turbo decoders as the soft input metrics. In synchronous systems, the proposed detector approaches the multiuser capacity limit within 1 dB in the low signal-to-noise ratio region     

Iterative multiuser detection for turbo-coded synchronous CDMA inGaussian and non-Gaussian impulsive noise

We develop an iterative multiuser receiver for decoding turbo-coded synchronous code-division multiple-access signals in both Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise. A soft-input soft-output nonlinear multiuser detector is combined with a set of single-user channel decoders in an iterative detection/decoding structure. The nonlinear multiuser detector utilizes the prior probabilities of each user's bits to form soft estimates used for multiple-access interference cancellation. The channel decoders perform turbo-code decoding and produce posterior probabilities which are fed back to the multiuser detector for use as prior probabilities. Simulation results show that the proposed multiuser receiver performs well in both Gaussian and non-Gaussian noise. In particular, single-user turbo-code performance can be approached within a few iterations with medium to low cross correlation (ρ⩽0.5)     

Near-Optimum Iterative Multiuser Receiver for FEC Encoded DS-CDMA

The powerful iterative algorithm of Turbo code is employed in the proposed iterative multiuser receiver for the downlink of a forward error correction (FEC) coded direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) environment. The receiver iterates between the 2 coding dimensions, namely the spreading codes and the FEC codes. The optimum iterative multiuser receiver uses the optimum decentralised single-user detector to generate the single-user extrinsic information for the single-user decoders. This paper suggests a near-optimum detector using a folded trellis preselection stage for the multiuser signal detection, in order to reduce the dominating complexity of the optimum decentralised detector. Simulation results show that performance is close to optimum. The effect of the single-user decoders' extrinsic information on the signal detection stage is also investigated and it is found that extrinsic information improves performance.     

Turbo Interference Mitigation in Layered Space-Time MIMO DS-CDMA Uplink with TTCM(Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation)

In this paper we propose the use of a turbo receiver for the uplink of a MIMO CDMA system employing layered space-time transmission. The proposed receiver consists of a low complexity layered space-time multi-user detector using minimum mean squared error (MMSE) filtering with a-priori information and a bank of MAP SISO decoders. Using the soft estimates from a bank of MAP decoders we obtain soft values of the interfering symbols. The SISO multiuser detector subtracts the vector of the interfering symbols from the incoming signal. The resulting vector is then filtered by an adaptive MMSE filter to reduce the residual MAI. This process iterates by exchanging extrinsic informations between the bank of MAP decoders and the SISO multiuser detector. Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM) is used as Forward Error Correcting (FEC) code due to its high bandwidth efficiency. Our computer simulations show that the proposed structure outperforms a classical iterative receiver based on parallel interference cancellation (PIC) as well as a non-iterative MMSE receiver. Furthermore, in a multiuser context, the proposed receiver offers an error performance similar to that of single-user case at high SNR. Jean-Pierre Cances graduated in electrical engineering from ENST Bretagne in 1990. He received his Ph.D degree from Télécom Paris in satellite communication engineering in 1993. He is now an assistant Professor at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Limoges (ENSIL). His current research interests include satellite communication systems, multicarrier detection and synchronization algorithms, MIMO communication systems. Gholam Reza Mohammad-khani received his BSc. and MSc. degrees in communication engineering from Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, respectively in 1992 and 1994. He worked as a lecturer in Mashhad University in 1997. His current research interests include satellite communication systems, multiuser detection and synchronization algorithms. Vahid Meghdadi received his BSc. and MSc. degrees in communication engineering from Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, respectively in 1989 and 1992. He worked as a lecturer in Mashhad University in 1993. Since 1994, he has been a Ph.D. student inEcole nationale Supérieure d'Ingenieurs de Limoges (ENSIL) where he is now an assistant professor. His current research interests include satellite communication systems, multiuserdetection and synchronization algorithms, MIMO communication systems.     

Turbo soft interference cancellation for coded asynchronous ds/cdma

In this paper we propose a Multiuser receiver architecture which removes the Multiple Access Interference (Mai) by means of a Soft Input Soft Output (siso) multiuser detector followed by a bank of channel decoders. The extrinsic information at the output of the channel decoders are used to estimate the values of the interfering bits and the SISO multiuser detector subtracts the vector of the interfering bits from the incoming signal. The resulting vector is then filtered by an adaptive mmse filter to help remove the residual mai. The paper examines the use of such a receiver in the context of a synchronous awgn channel and then we generalize to the case of asynchronous multipath fading channels.     

A low-complexity iterative multiuser receiver for turbo-codedDS-CDMA systems

Optimal joint multiuser detection and decoding for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems with forward error correction normally requires prohibitively high computational complexity. A suboptimal solution with low complexity is therefore appealing for use in practical applications. We propose a low-complexity iterative multiuser receiver for turbo-coded DS-CDMA systems. The proposed approach consists of a modified decorrelating decision-feedback detector (MDDFD) and K single-user turbo decoders, where K is the number of users in the DS-CDMA system. The MDDFD is derived on the basis of maximizing a likelihood probability and has a feature that it can use the reliability information from the turbo decoders' output. In addition, the MDDFD can deliver interference-cancelled soft outputs to the turbo decoders where the calculation of transition metrics is modified appropriately. Both performance analysis and computer simulation results have indicated that the reliability information from the turbo decoders' output can enhance the multiuser detection capability of the MDDFD. Computer simulations have also shown that the proposed iterative multiuser receiver outperforms the conventional DDFD-based multiuser receiver in terms of the bit-error probability     

Iterative multiuser detection for asynchronous CDMA withconcatenated convolutional coding

We propose iterative multiuser detectors for asynchronous code-division multiple-access with parallel-concatenated convolutional codes (turbo codes) and with serially concatenated convolutional codes (SCCC). At each iteration we update and exchange the extrinsic information from the multiuser detector and channel decoders and regenerate soft information between constituent convolutional decoders. Simulation results show that with the proposed structure, near-single-user performance can be achieved. We also propose two reduced-complexity techniques, i.e., the reduced-state iterative multiuser detector based on the T-MAP algorithm and the iterative interference canceler based on a noise-whitening filter. Simulation results show a small performance degradation for these two techniques, particularly for the T-MAP receiver