高程泵送低收缩高抗裂钢管外包混凝土制备研究

为满足金阳河特大桥钢管外包混凝土高程泵送低与收缩高抗裂要求,保障施工质量与结构长期耐久性。通过利用旋转黏度仪和平板开裂法与接触法研究了配合比参数、减缩剂、钢纤维与聚丙烯腈纤维对混凝土泵送、开裂、收缩性能的影响。结果表明：减缩剂与纤维均能提升混凝土抗裂等级、降低混凝土干燥收缩率。采用减缩剂制备出的低收缩高抗裂混凝土,90 d总收缩率为75×10-6,抗裂等级达到I级,其浆体黏度值为840 MPa·s,在实际工程应用时,工作性能良好,能满足泵送要求,完工后未发现裂缝。     

C55低收缩抗裂钢管外包混凝土的制备与应用

钢管外包混凝土要求其应具有高的抗裂性能。结合工程实践,利用平板开裂法研究了聚丙烯纤维、聚丙烯腈纤维和钢纤维混凝土的开裂性能。分析了减缩剂与膨胀剂对混凝土早期收缩的影响。研究结果表明:增韧作用最明显的是钢纤维,早期抗裂性能最好的是聚丙烯腈纤维;膨胀剂在混凝土初凝后前20 h并未减少混凝土的自收缩,而减缩剂明显减少混凝土自收缩。选用聚丙烯腈纤维与减缩剂双掺制备出了高抗裂性的外包混凝土,抗裂等级达到I级,60 d总收缩率仅为2.7×10-4。工程应用表明:设计制备的混凝土工作性能良好,满足泵送要求,施工过程中没有裂缝产生。     

高性能混凝土早期抗裂试验研究

为减少高性能混凝土早期收缩开裂,利用非接触测量技术,通过测量高性能混凝土早期自生及单面干燥条件下的收缩,研究减缩剂、聚丙烯纤维及不同减水剂对高性能混凝土早期自生及干燥收缩的影响.在此基础上,利用板式混凝土早期收缩开裂试验架,对高性能混凝土进行约束试验,研究减缩剂、减缩剂 聚丙烯纤维等对高性能混凝土早期抗裂的作用.结果表明:减缩剂、聚丙烯纤维、减缩剂 聚丙烯纤维及聚羧酸高效减水剂均有减缩抗裂效果.其作用大小为:减缩剂 聚羧酸高效减水剂＞减缩剂 FDN高效减水剂＞减缩剂 聚丙烯纤维＞聚丙烯纤维.     

减缩剂和膨胀剂对水泥基自流平砂浆收缩开裂性能的影响比较研究

研究了减缩剂和膨胀剂对水泥基自流平砂浆的自收缩、干燥收缩的影响以及减缩剂对塑性开裂性能的影响．同时对作用机理进行了分析。试验结果表明,减缩剂和膨胀剂对自流平砂浆的自收缩、干燥收缩有显著的押制作用。掺2％的减剂28d自收缩率和干燥收缩率分别降低了83．7％和49％;膨胀剂掺量达到12％时,28d自收缩率降低了62．8％,干燥收缩率降低了39．8％;减缩剂对塑性收缩开裂的抑制作用明显,掺量为2．0％时,开裂指数为0。     

混杂纤维高性能混凝土的收缩抗裂性能

试验研究了聚丙烯纤维(PPF)和碳纤维(CBF)及其混杂后对高性能混凝土的早期抗塑性收缩开裂性能及干缩性能的影响。结果表明,聚丙烯纤维、碳纤维及其混杂使用对高性能混凝土早期塑性收缩开裂及干燥收缩都具有较好的抑制作用,但其作用大小不同。单独使用纤维时,聚丙烯纤维抑制早期塑性收缩开裂效果优于碳纤维,而碳纤维抑制干燥收缩的效果优于聚丙烯纤维。混杂使用纤维时,存在纤维之间的搭配优势,当两种纤维按体积比1∶1混杂使用时,纤维总用量为0.2 Vol.%的高性能混凝土的抗早期塑性收缩性能最好,其抑制干缩的效果也较好。为了同时抑制高性能混凝土的早期塑性收缩和长期干燥收缩,试验所用纤维采用纤维总用量为0.2 Vol.%,聚丙烯纤维和碳纤维以体积比为1∶1的混杂使用最佳。     

C50桥面铺装用混凝土收缩性能分析

采用自行研制的混凝土高性能减缩剂,以及多种矿物掺合料和减水剂,对混凝土早期自收缩、长期干燥收缩进行试验研究,最终得到了适合桥面铺装用C50级低收缩混凝土配合比.试验结果表明:减缩剂和增钙粉煤灰可显著降低混凝土的自收缩和干燥收缩,而减水剂和矿粉对混凝土收缩则产生负面影响;聚羧酸系减水剂、减缩剂和增钙粉煤灰的复合使用可使混凝土180d的干燥收缩降低40％以上.     

掺矿粉粉煤灰混凝土塑性收缩的量化研究

以掺矿粉粉煤灰泵送混凝土塑性阶段的体积减缩量作为评价泵送混凝土塑性收缩的量化依据,证实了掺用矿渣微粉与混凝土塑性收缩裂缝有一定的内在关系,尤其是夏季采用25%以上的大掺量用于现浇楼板等薄壁结构混凝土工程,极易引发混凝土塑性裂缝。通过复掺粉煤灰能显著提高泵送矿渣微粉混凝土的抗塑性收缩能力。     

高性能混凝土早期抗裂与性能研究(一)

针对高性能混凝土容易发生早期开裂的问题,研究了掺加聚丙烯纤维和活性掺合料对混凝土的变形性能、抵抗塑性收缩开裂和干燥收缩开裂的影响,并对C 40纤维高性能混凝土的力学性能、极限拉应变、干燥收缩和氯离子渗透等综合性能进行了研究.结果表明,采用大圆环试验方法和平板试验方法可较好地评价混凝土和砂浆的开裂性能,掺0.9 kg/m3聚丙烯纤维和20 %掺合料(矿渣与粉煤灰各10 %)的C 40高性能混凝土具有良好的工作性和力学性能,抗氯离子渗透能力改善,极限拉应变提高,抗裂效果明显.     

减缩剂和聚丙烯纤维对混凝土早期开裂性能的影响

采用平板刀口约束收缩开裂试验来评价混凝土的早期开裂性能,研究了减缩剂、聚丙烯纤维及二者复掺对混凝土早期开裂性能的影响。结果表明：减缩剂掺量在0.6%～1.2%范围,混凝土的早期开裂性能随掺量增加而降低。聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.6kg/m3时,纤维对混凝土早期开裂性能的抑制作用不明显;掺量增加至0.9kg/m3～1.2kg/m3时,纤维对混凝土早期开裂性能的抑制作用显著增强。减缩剂和聚丙烯纤维二元复掺显著提高混凝土的早期抗裂性能,其对混凝土早期开裂行为的抑制作用优于它们的单掺组分。     

武汉长江隧道抗裂混凝土的研究

采用<混凝土结构耐久性设计与施工指南>CCES01-2004提供的平板开裂试验方法,研究了分别掺加凯泰改性聚丙烯纤维、有机仿钢丝纤维、钢纤维的混凝土的塑性收缩开裂性能.分析了不同纤维品种、掺量对混凝土开裂性的影响.研究结果表明,聚丙烯纤维对于有效抑制裂缝的产生和扩展,提高混凝土抵抗塑性收缩的能力效果最为明显,其次是钢纤维和有机仿钢丝纤维.     

Cracking resistance performance of super vertical-distance pumped SFRC

The mix ratio of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) was optimized using the principles that workability must meet the pumping demand and anti-cracking performance should be optimal. The effect of SFRC on the initial cracking load, the ultimate load and the crack width of the reinforced concrete (RC) member were analyzed in this paper. It was found that the admixture had good preservation of moisture and adhesion and the fibers distributed homogeneously in one hour out of the machine. According to the pumping results, the SFRC could be pumped vertically up to 306 m. Based on the standard computation formula of cracks, the maximum crack width of an RC member with 0.8% steel fiber (by volume) is about 32% lower than that of standard RC member. Through an experimental research on full-scale model tests for the steel and concrete composite anchorage zone on a pylon, the SFRC not only remarkably increases the crack resistance and the ultimate load, but the initial load also improves 33% approximately. It is also indicated that plastic shrinkage cracking of SFRC in which volume fraction of steel fibers is 0.8% can be restrained obviously and the unrestrained drying shrinkage can be diminished by about 50% at early age. The results confirmed that the SFRC can lessen the shrinkage crack of concrete and enhance markedly the direct tensile strength. Therefore, the SFRC can solve the key question of crack resistance for the anchorage zone of a bridge tower.     

Cracking resistance performance of super vertical-distance pumped SFRC

The mix ratio of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) was optimized using the principles that workability must meet the pumping demand and anti-cracking performance should be optimal. The effect of SFRC on the initial cracking load, the ultimate load and the crack width of the reinforced concrete (RC) member were analyzed in this paper. It was found that the admixture had good preservation of moisture and adhesion and the fibers distributed homogeneously in one hour out of the machine. According to the pumping results, the SFRC could be pumped vertically up to 306 m. Based on the standard computation formula of cracks, the maximum crack width of an RC member with 0.8% steel fiber (by volume) is about 32% lower than that of standard RC member. Through an experimental research on full-scale model tests for the steel and concrete composite anchorage zone on a pylon, the SFRC not only remarkably increases the crack resistance and the ultimate load, but the initial load also improves 33%a pproximately. It is also indicated that plastic shrinkage cracking of SFRC in which volume fraction of steel fibers is 0.8% can be restrained obviously and the unrestrained drying shrinkage can be diminished by about 50% at early age. The results confirmed that the SFRC can lessen the shrinkage crack of concrete and enhance markedly the direct tensile strength. Therefore, the SFRC can solve the key question of crack resistance for the anchorage zone of a bridge tower. __________ Translated from Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), 2007, 37(1): 123–127 [译自: 东南大学学报(自然科学版)]     

抗振混凝土收缩及抗裂性能研究

针对桥梁加固维修中行驶车辆对桥梁产生的车桥耦合振动作用直接影响水泥混凝土性能,本文通过对抗振混凝土的常规收缩变形以及平板法约束收缩开裂试验研究不同钢纤维掺量、凝结时间、温度等因素对抗振混凝土干燥收缩和温度收缩大小的影响。试验结果表明,钢纤维的掺入明显改善混凝土的干燥收缩和温度收缩,振动对混凝土影响得到有效控制;振动后混凝土裂缝明显比未振动混凝土裂缝增多,而添加钢纤维后混凝土裂缝数量及宽度显著降低,钢纤维在混凝土中延缓了裂缝的发展;并确定钢纤维掺量1%为最佳掺量。     

克裂速纤维增强高性能混凝土试验研究

从克裂速对高性能混凝土工作性、力学性能、耐化学腐蚀性能、干燥收缩变形性能和干燥收缩裂缝的影响等方面进行了系统研究 ,结果表明 :(1)克裂速对高性能混凝土工作性的影响与配合比参数有关 ,总体看来 ,克裂速不会显著降低高性能混凝土工作性 ;(2 )克裂速对高性能混凝土抗压和抗折强度影响不大 ,不会显著降低高性能混凝土强度 ;(3 )掺克裂速的高性能混凝土具有较高的耐盐酸腐蚀的能力 ;(4 )克裂速可以显著降低高性能混凝土干燥收缩变形值 ;(5 )克裂速可以大幅度提高高性能混凝土抑制干燥收缩开裂的能力。     

异形钢纤维改善混凝土性能研究

采用6种异形钢纤维在体积掺量分别为0.5%、1.0%的情况下,配制CF30、CF50异形钢纤维混凝土,试验结果表明,异形钢纤维混凝土抗折、抗剪和劈拉强度以及弯曲韧性,较基准混凝土有明显提高;干缩值降低,早期塑性开裂也明显减少;不同特征的异形钢纤维改性效果也存在差异。研究发现,《钢纤维混凝土试验方法》(CECS 13∶89)计算纤维混凝土承载能力变化系数的方法有偏差。     

克裂速纤维增强高性能混凝土试验研究

从克裂速对高性能混凝土工作性、力学性能、耐化学腐蚀性能、干燥收缩变形性能和干燥收缩裂缝的影响等方面进行了系统研究,结果表明(1) 克裂速对高性能混凝土工作性的影响与配合比参数有关,总体看来,克裂速不会显著降低高性能混凝土工作性;(2)克裂速对高性能混凝土抗压和抗折强度影响不大,不会显著降低高性能混凝土强度;(3)掺克裂速的高性能混凝土具有较高的耐盐酸腐蚀的能力;(4)克裂速可以显著降低高性能混凝土干燥收缩变形值;(5)克裂速可以大幅度提高高性能混凝土抑制干燥收缩开裂的能力.     

混杂纤维HPC深梁受剪承载力计算方法

采用正交试验法设计钢聚丙烯混杂纤维高性能混凝土(简称HPC)深梁试件,通过静力试验研究混杂纤维HPC深梁受剪承载力计算方法。正交试验中考虑的因素主要有钢纤维特征参数(类型、体积率、长径比)、聚丙烯纤维体积率、水平及竖向分布钢筋配筋率等。结果表明:混杂纤维能改变无腹筋HPC深梁的受剪破坏形态;混杂纤维的掺入使得HPC深梁的剪切初裂强度和抗剪极限强度明显提高,其平均提高幅度分别为45.2%和25.6%。将塑性理论应用于混杂纤维HPC深梁受剪承载力计算得到了很好的结果,分析表明水平及竖向分布钢筋配筋率的大小对混杂纤维HPC深梁抗剪强度的影响不显著,但水平分布钢筋的作用大于竖向分布钢筋。分析了混杂纤维的增强机理,提出了基于"拉杆拱"模型和劈裂破坏计算模式的混杂纤维HPC深梁受剪承载力计算式。     

Properties of steel fiber reinforced fly ash concrete

This paper reports on a comprehensive study on the properties of concrete containing fly ash and steel fibers. Properties studied include unit weight and workability of fresh concrete, and compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, splitting tensile strength, elasticity modulus, sorptivity coefficient, drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw resistance of hardened concrete. Fly ash content used was 0%, 15% and 30% in mass basis, and fiber volume fraction was 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% in volume basis. The laboratory results showed that steel fiber addition, either into Portland cement concrete or fly ash concrete, improve the tensile strength properties, drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw resistance. However, it reduced workability and increase sorptivity coefficient. Although fly ash replacement reduce strength properties, it improves workability, reduces drying shrinkage and increases freeze–thaw resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete. The performed experiments show that the behaviour of fly ash concrete is similar to that of Portland cement concrete when fly ash is added.