新型大块铜基金属玻璃的研制

利用钛吸氧的电弧炉熔炼合金制备试样,在Cu-Zr二元合金中添加一些组元,研究这些组元添加对铜基液态合金凝固过程中非晶形成能力的影响.试样的X射线衍射晶化相分析和差热扫描热分析仪(DSC)测试结果表明,在CuZr二元合金系中添加适量的Nb,可以明显地提高其非晶形成能力,且随着Nb含量的增加,所形成的金属玻璃的玻璃转变温度和晶化温度提高,这意味着材料的热稳定性增加.同时添加系列的金属元素Ti、Ta、V、Sn等,通过分析添加组元与Cu的混合焓与非晶形成能力的关系,进一步揭示合金非晶形成能力的影响因素.     

分子动力学模拟Ti-Al合金非晶的形成与晶化

用分子动力学方法模拟了Ti-Al合金非晶的形成与晶化过程,非晶合金采用从熔融态淬火至室温的方法获得。通过对不同冷却速率淬火过程的模拟,得到了不同合金成分的非晶转变冷速,表明40-90 at%Al的合金非晶形成能力强,临界冷却速率低。构型分析表明：非晶合金主要由二十面体团簇和初晶团簇构成,非晶退火晶化的微观机理研究说明晶化的过程实际上是体系缺陷和二十面体团簇的数量降低、初晶数量和体积增大的过程。     

轧制对Zr（60）Al（15）Ni（25）块体非晶合金晶化动力学的影响

通过线性DSC实验研究了轧制对Zr60Al15Ni25大块非晶合金晶化动力学的影响。实验结果表明,Zr60Al15Ni25非晶合金在轧制塑性变形过程中,随着变形量的增加,热稳定性降低。Zr60Al15Ni25块体非晶合金轧制后原子组态的变化主要影响晶化的形核阶段,变形量较低时（20%）合金原子组态向无序方向发展,导致晶化速率变慢,晶化变得比较困难。随着轧制的进一步增加,合金原子的无序性降低,晶化速率又逐渐提高,从而使其在随后加热过程中的晶化变得比较容易。     

Al88Ce8Ni4非晶合金的热稳定性和晶化行为的研究

采用单辊甩带技术制备出的铝基非晶合金Al88Ce8Ni4,利用XRD、TEM和DSC对非晶热稳定性和晶化行为进行了分析,结果表明,该所制备的铝合金属于完全非晶态,开始晶化温度达到（Tx）530K,其稳定性良好.晶化过程分两步进行,且晶化产物除了初生相α-Al,大多以Al-Ce和Al-Ni原子簇组成.     

Fe-B-Nb-Er块状非晶合金的形成能力及热稳定性研究

采用工业原料通过铜模喷铸法制备了(Fe7.2B24Nb4)100-x Er x(x=3.0、4.0、4.5、5.0、6.0、7.0)块状非晶合金系,采用X射线衍射仪、DSC差示热量扫描仪研究了稀土元素Er对该非晶合金系热稳定性、玻璃形成能力的影响.结果表明:稀土元素Er的添加明显提高了样品的非晶形成能力,Er含量(摩尔分数)为5.0%时成功制备出直径为5 mm的(Fe72B24Nb4)95Er5块状非晶,该非晶合金具有较高的热稳定性,抗晶化能力较强,其晶化激活能分别达到382.8、539.5、680.8 kJ/mol.     

原子尺寸因素对块体非晶形成能力的影响

块体非晶的研究无论在理论上还是在应用上都有重要意义,而非晶形成能力是决定非晶制备的关键因素之一.通过研究原子尺寸分布对非晶形成能力的影响,计算了原子尺寸差函数与合金非晶形成能力间的关系,系统地分析了其机理,并对其合理性进行了验证.结果表明,原子尺寸差函数可以估计合金体系的非晶形成能力.相同合金体系中,非晶形成能力与基元素的原子百分含量存在线性关系.     

Fe75Cr12.5Mo12.5合金非晶/纳米晶化过程的分子动力学模拟

为模拟Fe75Cr12.5Mo12.5合金非晶/纳米晶化的整个过程,采用分子动力学方法,通过动力学弛豫、淬火和退火处理得到了Fe75Cr12.5Mo12.5合金的非晶/纳米晶态结构.采用径向分布函数(radius distribution function,RDF)和X线衍射图(X-ray diffraction,XRD),分析了模拟过程中各阶段的原子结构.结果表明:Fe75Cr12.5Mo12.5合金的非晶和纳米晶形成能力较强,添加非金属元素能进一步提高非晶形成能力.分子动力学模拟技术为铁基非晶/纳米晶的成分配比和工艺选择提供了理论依据.     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb2Si13.5B9Ni1非晶合金的晶化动力学研究

利用差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了Fe73.5Cu1Nb2Si13.5B9Ni1非晶的纳米晶化动力学。结果表明,晶化过程分为两步完成,晶化初生相为Fe3Si.第一晶化过程的晶化开始温度Tx1、峰值温度Tp1与扫描速度β的对数之间存在着线性关系,分别为：Tx1=736.52＋8.67lnβ和Tp1=743.9＋12.7lnβ.采用Kissinger方法和Ozawa方法计算Fe73.5Cu1Nb2Si13.5B9Ni1非晶合金晶化的表观激活能Eа分别为435.2kJ/mol和441.1 kJ/mol,而成分为Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9的表观激活能大约为410 kJ/mol,表明Ni部分替代Nb后合金的热稳定性提高。第一晶化反应的局域激活能Ec（α）随晶化体积分数α不断下降,Avrami指数表明该非晶合金的晶化为扩散控制的三维晶粒长大过程。探讨了用Ni元素部分替代Finemet合金中Nb元素后非晶合金热稳定性提高的原因。     

Fe-B非晶合金的等温晶化动力学研究

为研究Fe85B15非晶合金等温条件下晶化的形核、长大及碰撞等动力学机制,采用差热扫描量热仪(DSC)对未经过和经过预热处理的该非晶合金在不同温度下进行等温实验,用X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜分析其晶化前后的物相组成和显微结构.该合金等温晶化后为层片状分布的α-Fe和Fe3B两相.运用解析相变模型结合碰撞模式判断,对所...     

非晶Fe78Si9B13在脉冲磁场作用下纳米晶化及物理机理

采用TEM和穆斯堡尔谱技术,研究了非晶合金Fe78Si9B13晶化的结构与脉冲磁场强度的关系,并对低频脉冲磁场致非晶合金纳米晶化的物理机制进行了理论研讨。一定频率下的脉冲磁场,将使非晶合金磁致伸缩的能量降低非晶合金的形核势垒,从而使非晶合金得以晶化。实验对非晶合金Fe78Si9B13进行了两种脉冲磁场处理:脉冲频率固定,磁场强度不断增加;磁场强度固定,脉冲频率不断增加。结果表明,低频脉冲磁场处理可使非晶合金Fe78Si9B13发生纳米晶化;晶化量与磁场强度不呈线性关系,而是存在一极值的曲线分布。     

Compositional dependence of thermal and elastic properties of Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni bulk metallic glasses

Starting from the quaternary Cu47Ti34Zr11Ni8 alloy, the compositional dependence of thermal and elastic properties of Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys was systematically investigated. Quaternary Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys can be cast directly from the melt into copper molds to form fully amorphous strips or rods with the thickness of 3-6 mm. The evidence of the amorphous nature of the cast rods was provided by X-ray spectra. The measured glass transition temperature (Tg) and crystallization temperature (Tx) were obtained for the alloys using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at the heating rate of 20 K/s. In the results, the differences between the glass temperature and the crystallization tempera-ture (△Tx=Tx-Tg) are measured with values ranging up to 33-55 K. The reduced glass transition temperature (Trg), which is the ratio of the glass temperature to the liquidus temperature (T1), is often used as an indication of the glass-forming ability of metallic alloys. For the present Cu-Ti-Zr-Ni alloys, this ratio is typically in the range of 0.5838-0.5959, characteristic of metallic alloys with good glass-forming ability. The elastic constants for several selected alloys were measured using ultrasonic methods. The values of the elastic shear modulus, bulk modulus, and Poisson's ratio were also given.     

A study of the crystallization kinetics of Ge-Te amorphous systems

The glass-forming ability of binary GexTe100-x (x=15, 20, 30) alloys was investigated. The crystallization mechanism of these amorphous bulks was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calo- rimetry (DSC). The temperature of glass transition, the temperature of crystallization, the activation energy for glass transition and crystallization, and the order of the crystallization mechanism were calculated from the different heating-rates.     

A study of the crystallization kinetics of Ge-Te amorphous systems

The glass-forming ability of binary Ge_xTe_100-x (x=15, 20, 30) alloys was investigated. The crystallization mechanism of these amorphous bulks was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calo-rimetry (DSC). The temperature of glass transition, the temperature of crystallization, the activation energy for glass transition and crystallization, and the order of the crystallization mechanism were calculated from the different heating-rates.     

Bulk glass formation in ternary Cu-Zr-Ti system

The formation of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) in ternary Cu-Zr-Ti system was investigated by a copper mold casting method. The nature of the amorphous phase was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was demonstrated that the BMGs could be formed in a broad composition range in this system. Cu50Zr42.5Ti7.5, Cu60Zr27.5Ti12.5, Cu60Zr30Ti10 and Cu60Zr32.5Ti7.5 alloys exhibit strong glass-forming ability (GFA), and fully glassy rods of 5 mm in diameter can be obtained. In the center region of the ternary diagram, however, the GFA of the alloys was degraded due to the presence of Laves phase. The degradation of the GFA results from easy nucleation of the Laves phase in the undercooled liquid.     

Al-Ni-Y三元合金玻璃形成能力及热稳定性

为了分析Al-Ni-Y三元合金的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性,采用熔体急冷法制备了Al₉₀Ni₂Y₈、Al₈₇Ni₅Y₈、Al₈₄Ni₈Y₈和Al₈₀Ni₁₂Y₈合金条带.利用x-射线衍射（XRD）表征了急冷态和部分晶化后条带的结构,运用示差扫描量热仪（DSC）分析了合金的玻璃转变和晶化行为.结果表明：除了Al₈₀Ni₁₂Y₈和Al₉₀Ni₂Y₈合金外,制备态的条带均为完全非晶态,部分晶化后有纳米铝晶体析出;Al₈₄Ni₈Y₈合金DSC曲线上可以明显地观察到玻璃转变温度Tg.〖JP2〗通过比较4种合金的热稳定性,发现随着Ni的原子分数升高,合金的初始晶化温度Tx也随着升高,合金的热稳定性增强.     

Thermal stability and glass-forming ability of Y-Ce-Co-Al bulk metallic glasses

The thermal stability and glass-forming ability of Y_56-xCe_xCo₂₀Al₂₄ (x=15, 20, 25, 28, 38, 41, 44) bulk metallic glasses with a diameter of 5 mm were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the thermal stability of the alloys decreases with the addition of Ce. It has the best glass-forming ability when x=25, whose calculated values can reach about 30 mm in diameter. The effect of Ce element could be explained on the view of Miedema's theory and electronegativity difference of amorphous alloys.     

Corrosion Behavior of Mg65Cu25-xZnxGd10 (x=0, 5) Metallic Glass

The effect of substitutional element Zn on corrosion behavior of Mg65Cu25Gd10 glass was investigated. The amorphous structure of Mg65Cu25-xZnxGd10(x=0, 5) alloys were examined by X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The dissolution rates of Mg65Cu25-xZnxGd10(x=0,5) metallic glasses in a 5 wt% NaCl solution with pH value of 7 were determined by a hydrogen evolution testing method. The corrosion behavior of these alloys was characterized using dipping tests with 5 wt% NaCl, in combination with electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that the anti-corrosion ability of Mg65Cu25Gd10 alloy is significantly improved due to the addition of Zn. Possible mechanism responsible for the improvement is discussed.     

Si_3N_4-doped Zr_(50)Al_(15)Ni_(10)Cu_(25) glassy alloy by mechanical alloying and sintering process

Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powder was synthesized by mechanical alloying.The effect of Si3N4 addition on the crystallization behavior of the alloy during sintering process was studied.Thermal stability of the powders was performed by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The phase and microstructure of the powders and bulk specimens sintered were determined by X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that,introducing 0.05%(mass fraction) Si3N4 can enhance the crystallization activation energy of the Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powders,which indicates that Si3N4 addition has hindrance effect on forming crystals from Zr50Al15Ni10Cu25 amorphous powder.However,0.10% Si3N4 results in the decrease of the crystallization activation energy,which makes its crystallization process easy to occur.     

钇对ZrCuNiAl系合金非晶形成能力的影响

利用X射线衍射（XRD）和差示扫描量热分析（DSC）研究了添加钇对Zr55 Cu30Ni5Al10Y（=0,1,2,3,4）非晶合金体系玻璃形成能力的影响。用铜模铸造获得的Zr55-xCu30Ni5Al10Y（=0,1,2,3,4）块体非晶合金的临界尺寸从直径6 mm增加到20 mm。分析认为,微量钇的添加可以与合金中的残留氧形成氧化物,降低氧对合金形成非晶态结构的负面效应。因此添加适量的稀土元素钇有利于提高Zr55 Cu30Ni5Al10Y非晶合金体系的玻璃形成能力。