饲料中添加红曲米对红白锦鲤幼鱼生长、体色及生化指标的影响

为研究饲料中添加红曲米对红白锦鲤Cyprinus carpio幼鱼生长、体色及部分血液和肝胰脏生化指标的影响,试验配制5种饲料,分别添加红曲米0(对照)、0.5、1.0、1.5、3.0 g/kg,选择初始体质量为(8.79±1.80)g的红白锦鲤幼鱼450尾,随机分为5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,投喂56 d后停喂含红曲米的饲料,采用不添加红曲米的基础饲料继续投喂14 d,养殖周期共70 d,在试验的第56天时取样检测生长、生化指标,分别在停喂红曲米饲料的第0、7、14天时取样检测体表色度指标。结果表明:在饲料中添加红曲米能显著提高试验鱼的增重率、特定生长率及饲料效率(P<0.05),且显著降低试验鱼血糖含量及血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性(P<0.05);红曲米添加量为1.5 g/kg时,试验鱼谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),当红曲米添加量过高(3.0 g/kg)时,试验鱼肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而不同水平的红曲米对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性无显著性影响(P>0.05);添加1.0 g/kg红曲米的饲料能显著提高试验鱼体表a^*值和皮肤中类胡萝卜素含量(P<0.05),停喂红曲米饲料7、14 d后,1.0 g/kg组试验鱼体表a*值和皮肤中类胡萝卜素含量(P<0.05),停喂红曲米饲料7、14 d后,1.0 g/kg组试验鱼体表a^*值仍显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在饲料中添加红曲米能有效提高红白锦鲤幼鱼的生长性能,降低其血糖含量,改善体色,建议添加量为1.0 g/kg,可维持14 d。     

饲料中不同叶酸、维生素B_(12)水平对黄颡鱼生长及免疫力的影响

为研究饲料中不同叶酸、维生素B_(12)(VB_(12))水平对黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco生长及免疫力的影响,以900尾体质量为(31. 84±0. 05) g的健康黄颡鱼为试验对象,将其随机分为10组,每组设3个重复,以叶酸(0. 15%、0. 30%、0. 45%)、VB_(12)(0. 05%、0. 10%、0. 15%)为影响因素,采用双因素试验设计中的"3×3因子设计"法,配制9种饲料,以不添加叶酸和VB_(12)的饲料作为对照组,用10种饲料饲喂试验鱼56 d后,测定其对黄颡鱼生长及免疫相关指标的影响。结果表明:在一因素水平固定的情况下,黄颡鱼终末体质量、增重率和特定生长率均随另一因素水平的增加而增加,饲料系数呈降低趋势;在叶酸/VB_(12)水平为0. 45%/0. 15%时,黄颡鱼终末体质量、增重率、特定生长率均最高且显著高于对照组(P<0. 05),饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0. 05);在叶酸/VB_(12)水平为0. 45%/0. 15%时,血清及肝脏中补体C3、补体C4含量最高,NO含量、NOS活性最高且显著高于对照组(P<0. 05)。研究表明,在本试验条件下,适量添加叶酸和VB_(12)可有效促进黄颡鱼生长,增强其免疫力,综合黄颡鱼生长、免疫力和饲料成本分析,建议饲料中叶酸/VB_(12)添加水平为0. 45%/0. 10%。     

复方中草药对大菱鲆幼鱼生长性能及非特异性免疫指标的影响

为研究复方中草药对大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus幼鱼生长及免疫性能的影响,以基础饲料为对照组(D0),将白术、甘草、当归、山楂、陈皮、防风、五味子、茯苓等16种中草药按中医配伍理论设计出4组中草药配方,并将4种配方中草药经砂锅熬煮后的汤药按一定量分别添加到基础饲料中(2%)作为试验饲料(D1、D2、D3、D4); 5组饲料分别投喂平均体质量为10 g的大菱鲆幼鱼8周,研究4种复方中药添加剂对大菱鲆生长及非特异性免疫指标的影响。结果表明:D1、D3、D4试验组鱼的增重率(WGR)及特定生长率(SGR)与对照组(D0)无显著性差异(P>0. 05),仅D2试验组增重率和特定生长率较D0、D3、D4组显著性增高(P<0. 05),而饲料系数(FCR)较D0组有显著性降低(P<0. 05); D1组鱼的脏体比(VI)显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),其他组与D0组无显著性差异(P>0. 05);血液指标中,D1、D2、D3组鱼体内葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),且D1组显著高于D2、D3组(P<0. 05),D1组甘油三酯(TG)显著高于D0组(P<0. 05),D4组显著低于D0组(P<0. 05),D2、D3组与D0组无显著性差异(P>0. 05);在消化指标的检测中,D4组鱼的前肠脂肪酶(LPS)显著低于D0组(P<0. 05),其他各组与D0组无显著性差异(P<0. 05); D3组鱼的血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活力显著高于D0组和D1、D4组(P<0. 05),其他各组间无显著性差异(P>0. 05); D3组鱼的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力显著高于其他各组(P<0. 05);各组鱼的T-SOD活力与溶菌酶(LZM)活力无显著性差异(P>0. 05)。研究表明:在本试验条件下,自制的4组复方中草药均不同程度地促进了大菱鲆的生长,但在其他指标方面,4组配方中草药作用效果各有所长; D1、D2组复方中草药在提高增重率、降低饲料系数等指标中作用显著,以D2组中草药效果最佳; D4组复方中草药调节血脂作用显著,可显著降低大菱鲆血浆中甘油三酯和胆固醇含量; D3组复方中草药可通过显著提高大菱鲆血清中过氧化物酶活力提高大菱鲆非特异性免疫能力。     

饵料与底质对三角帆蚌稚蚌早期生长的影响

为寻找三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii合适的饵料和底质,提高三角帆蚌稚蚌成活率,在水温(24±1)℃下分两个阶段测试了不同饵料和底质对三角帆蚌稚蚌的生长影响,第一阶段测试了两种底质(黄泥、黄泥加钙粉)和两种饵料(Nanno 3600藻、Shellfish diet 1800藻)对1³0 d稚蚌成活和生长的影响,第二阶段测试了5种饵料(Nanno 3600藻、Shellfish diet 1800藻、普通小球藻、四尾栅藻、卵囊藻)对3130 d稚蚌成活和生长的影响,第二阶段测试了5种饵料(Nanno 3600藻、Shellfish diet 1800藻、普通小球藻、四尾栅藻、卵囊藻)对31⁶0 d稚蚌成活及生长的影响。结果表明:第一阶段中,投喂Nanno 3600藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A3)与投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A1)稚蚌成活率无显著性差异(P>0.05),但二者均显著高于投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥+钙粉为底质的组(A2)(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组均与投喂Shellfish diet 1800藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A4)和池塘水养殖且不投喂的组(A5)呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),A2组稚蚌生长最快,壳长显著高于A1、A3组(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组极显著高于A4、A5组(P<0.01);第二阶段中,池塘水养殖组(B5)成活率显著高于卵囊藻组(B1)、小球藻组(B2)、Nanno 3600藻组(B4)(P<0.05),极显著高于四尾栅藻组(B3)(P<0.01),B5组与B4组稚蚌壳长无显著性差异(P>0.05),均显著高于B1、B2组(P<0.05),极显著高于B3组(P<0.01)。研究表明:稚蚌在160 d稚蚌成活及生长的影响。结果表明:第一阶段中,投喂Nanno 3600藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A3)与投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A1)稚蚌成活率无显著性差异(P>0.05),但二者均显著高于投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥+钙粉为底质的组(A2)(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组均与投喂Shellfish diet 1800藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A4)和池塘水养殖且不投喂的组(A5)呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),A2组稚蚌生长最快,壳长显著高于A1、A3组(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组极显著高于A4、A5组(P<0.01);第二阶段中,池塘水养殖组(B5)成活率显著高于卵囊藻组(B1)、小球藻组(B2)、Nanno 3600藻组(B4)(P<0.05),极显著高于四尾栅藻组(B3)(P<0.01),B5组与B4组稚蚌壳长无显著性差异(P>0.05),均显著高于B1、B2组(P<0.05),极显著高于B3组(P<0.01)。研究表明:稚蚌在1³0 d时添加藻类可提高稚蚌存活率,且以微拟球藻效果最好,底质中添加钙粉有利于稚蚌生长;稚蚌在3130 d时添加藻类可提高稚蚌存活率,且以微拟球藻效果最好,底质中添加钙粉有利于稚蚌生长;稚蚌在31⁶0 d阶段,投喂微拟球藻更有利于稚蚌的生长。     

鸡肉粉替代鱼粉对金鲳鱼生长、体成分及血清指标的影响

试验旨在研究鸡肉粉替代鱼粉对金鲳鱼生长性能、体成分及血清指标的影响。配制5种等氮等能饲料,5种饲料分别添加0、10.5%、21%、28%和35%的鸡肉粉,替代鱼粉比例分别为0、30%、60%、80%和100%。每组3个重复,每个重复放40尾鱼(初始体重为32.62±0.60 g),养殖期为8周。结果显示,各组金鲳鱼成活率未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05);而随着鸡肉粉替代鱼粉量的增加,各组鱼体增重率表现出降低趋势,基础饲料组、30%组和60%组的增重率间无显著性差异(P>0.05),但80%组和100%替代组鱼体增重显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各组鱼体肥满度无显著差异(P>0.05),但饲料系数和肝体比呈显著增长趋势,100%替代组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着鸡肉粉替代鱼粉比例的增加,金鲳鱼全鱼水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分量均未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05);体粗蛋白含量有呈现先升高后降低趋势,30%组体蛋白最高,而100%替代组体蛋白含量最低,显著低于30%替代组。鸡肉粉替代鱼粉量的增加对金鲳鱼鱼体血清中总蛋白、甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量未造成显著性影响(P>0.05),各组鱼体血清中谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性随着鸡肉粉替代鱼粉量的增加表现出显著增高的趋势(P<0.05)。结果表明,对照35%鱼粉的基础饲料,金鲳鱼饲料中鸡肉粉替代鱼粉的比例应≤60%,否则会对鱼体生长速度、肝脏健康度及料比均出现负面影响。     

饲料中添加女贞子对镜鲤生长性能、消化酶活性以及肌肉品质的影响

研究了饲料中添加女贞子Ligustrum lucidum对镜鲤Cyprinus carpio var.Specularis的生长性能、消化酶活性及肌肉品质的影响。试验共设5个处理组:A组为基础饲料空白对照组;B组,在基础饲料中添加200mg/kg的大蒜素(纯度为25%);C、D、E组,在基础饲料中分别添加质量分数为0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的女贞子粉。每个处理组设置3个重复,每个重复组放10尾鱼(初始体质量为125.55 g±19.14 g)。试验共进行12周。结果表明:与空白组相比,添加女贞子粉试验组镜鲤的特定生长率和增重率显著降低(P<0.05);女贞子粉对镜鲤中肠和后肠消化酶的活性均没有显著影响(P>0.05);除D组外,其它试验组镜鲤前肠淀粉酶的活性显著提高(P<0.05);各试验组镜鲤前肠蛋白酶的活性均无显著差异(P>0.05);女贞子试验组镜鲤肌肉的持水能力和D组的pH1值显著降低(P<0.05),对肌肉营养成分无显著影响。     

紫丁香叶对史氏鲟生长及血浆生化指标的影响

以史氏鲟Acipenser schrenckii为试验对象,在基础日粮中添加不同水平的紫丁香叶粉,研究紫丁香叶对史氏鲟生长性能和免疫指标的影响。试验共分9组(对照组、A^H组),AH组),A^H组试验饲料中紫丁香叶粉的质量分数分别为1%、2%、3%、4%、5%、6%、8%、10%,对照组饲料中不添加。饲养试验共进行56 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,A组、B组史氏鲟的增重率、特定生长率和饵料系数无显著差异(P>0.05);与对照组相比,除C组和F组外,其它各试验组鱼血浆中总蛋白和球蛋白含量均显著(P<0.05)或极显著下降(P<0.01);H组鱼血浆中白蛋白显著下降(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)显著升高(P<0.05),谷草转氨酶(AST)差异不显著(P>0.05);各试验组鱼血浆中C3、C4含量均比对照组有所降低,除C组和F组外,其余各组鱼血浆中C3、C4的含量均显著下降(P<0.05)。这说明,饲料中不同水平的紫丁香叶粉对史氏鲟生长和免疫具有不同程度的抑制作用。     

饲料中添加盐酸甜菜碱对刺参幼参生长、消化酶活力和免疫力的影响

为研究饲料中添加盐酸甜菜碱(Betaine hydrochloride,BHE)对刺参Apostichopus japonicus幼参生长、肠道消化指标和免疫性能的影响,采用初始体质量为(2. 32±0. 04) g的刺参为研究对象,将刺参养殖在白色塑桶(60 L)中,海水盐度为33～35,试验期间水温为10. 2～25. 8℃,在基础饲料中分别添加0(对照)、0. 2%、0. 4%、0. 6%和0. 8%的BHE后进行投喂,各处理组设3个平行,每桶放养刺参30头,投喂试验共进行90 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,当BHE添加量为0. 2%～0. 6%时,刺参的特定生长率(SGR)显著升高(P<0. 05);添加BHE的处理组刺参干物质表观消化率(ADDM)显著升高(P<0. 05);投喂添加BHE的饲料后,提高了刺参的出皮率(GBWR),但只有添加量为0. 4%和0. 6%的处理组刺参的出皮率显著高于对照组(P<0. 05); BHE添加量为0. 2%～0. 6%的处理组刺参幼参肠道蛋白酶活力显著上升(P<0. 05),而投喂60 d时,添加BHE的处理组幼参肠道淀粉酶活力均显著降低(P<0. 05);随着BHE添加量的升高,刺参幼参肠道超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力呈上升趋势,添加BHE可提高碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力,且添加量为0. 4%的处理组幼参的SOD和AKP活力均显著高于对照组(P<0. 05)。研究表明,当BHE添加量为0. 2%～0. 6%时,可使刺参幼参肠道蛋白酶活力上升、非特异性免疫功能改善,并促进刺参幼参生长,饲料中BHE的推荐添加量为0. 4%。     

复合酶制剂对草鱼生长性能、饲料养分消化率及免疫力的影响

选用体重为(31.51±0.43)g的草鱼C tenopharyngodon idella360尾,随机分为4个处理组,每组设3个重复,每个重复放30尾鱼,分别添加不同梯度水平(0、300、600、900 mg/kg)的木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶为主的复合酶制剂。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲料中添加600、900 mg/kg的复合酶制剂后,显著提高了草鱼的相对增重率、特定生长率、饵料转化效率等生长性能指标(P<0.05),同时也显著提高了草鱼对饲料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪及粗纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05),但这二组之间差异不显著(P(0.05),而300 mg/kg一组与对照组差异不显著(P(0.05);鱼体的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、水分等品质指标在4个处理组之间差异不显著(P(0.05);饲料中添加600、900 mg/kg的复合酶制剂后,显著提高了草鱼血液中白细胞的吞噬活性(P<0.05)和血清杀菌能力(P<0.01)。研究表明,饲料中添加复合酶制剂后,能显著提高草鱼对饲料中养分的消化率,从而提高草鱼的生长性能,增强草鱼的免疫力。     

饵料与底质对三角帆蚌稚蚌早期生长的影响

为寻找三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii合适的饵料和底质,提高三角帆蚌稚蚌成活率,在水温(24±1)℃下分两个阶段测试了不同饵料和底质对三角帆蚌稚蚌的生长影响,第一阶段测试了两种底质(黄泥、黄泥加钙粉)和两种饵料(Nanno 3600藻、Shellfish diet 1800藻)对1~30 d稚蚌成活和生长的影响,第二阶段测试了5种饵料(Nanno 3600藻、Shellfish diet 1800藻、普通小球藻、四尾栅藻、卵囊藻)对31~60 d稚蚌成活及生长的影响。结果表明:第一阶段中,投喂Nanno 3600藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A3)与投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A1)稚蚌成活率无显著性差异(P>0.05),但二者均显著高于投喂两种混合藻且以黄泥+钙粉为底质的组(A2)(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组均与投喂Shellfish diet 1800藻且以黄泥为底质的组(A4)和池塘水养殖且不投喂的组(A5)呈极显著性差异(P<0.01),A2组稚蚌生长最快,壳长显著高于A1、A3组(P<0.05),A1、A2、A3组极显著高于A4、A5组(P<0.01);第二阶段中,池塘水养殖组(B5)成活率显著高于卵囊藻组(B1)、小球藻组(B2)、Nanno 3600藻组(B4)(P<0.05),极显著高于四尾栅藻组(B3)(P<0.01),B5组与B4组稚蚌壳长无显著性差异(P>0.05),均显著高于B1、B2组(P<0.05),极显著高于B3组(P<0.01)。研究表明:稚蚌在1~30 d时添加藻类可提高稚蚌存活率,且以微拟球藻效果最好,底质中添加钙粉有利于稚蚌生长;稚蚌在31~60 d阶段,投喂微拟球藻更有利于稚蚌的生长。     

Comparison of photocatalysis and photolysis of malathion, isomalathion, malaoxon, and commercial malathion--products and toxicity studies

Malathion, one of the most widely applied insecticides, is still used in agriculture. There are many studies regarding its degradation under different experimental conditions, but few deal with its transformation products, i.e. malaoxon and isomalathion. Thus, malathion, malaoxon, isomalathion, and Radotion (one of its over 6000 commercial forms) were studied in terms of their degradation kinetics, identification of their transformation products, their toxicity, and their degree of mineralization, during UV photolysis (lambda = 254 nm) and TiO(2) photocatalysis (lambda = 355 nm). The degradation kinetics was similar for all four starting materials. More than 75% of theoretically expected sulfur in PS and P-S groups was oxidized after 240 min of photolysis and photocatalysis. On the other hand, less than 30% of stoichiometrically predicted amounts of phosphate was detected in the photolytic experiments, but more than 80% of expected phosphate was detected after photocatalytic treatment of all four organophosphorous materials. Several transformation products were identified by mass spectra of representative gas chromatographic peaks. Oxidation and isomerization were found as the main reactions of butenedioc acid diethyl esters and their analogs. The formation of malaoxon, isomalathion or trimethyl phosphate esters correlated well with the induced toxicity (inhibition of acetylcholinesterase), which was observed in photocatalysis of malathion and Radotion, and in photolysis of malaoxon and Radotion.     

Quantities and associations of lead, zinc, cadmium, manganese, chromium, nickel, vanadium, and copper in fresh Mississippi delta alluvium and New Orleans alluvial soils

The topic of this study is the effect of anthropogenic metals on the geochemical quality of urban soils. This is accomplished by comparing the metal contents and associations between two alluvial soils of the lower Mississippi River Delta, freshly deposited alluvial parent materials and alluvial soils collected from a nearby urban environment. Fresh alluvium samples (n = 97) were collected from the Bonnet Carré Spillway. The urban alluvial soil samples (n = 4026) were collected from New Orleans and stratified by census tracts (n = 286). The Spillway samples tend to have less Pb and Zn than generally noted for the baseline of natural soils. Except for Mn and V, Spillway alluvium contains significantly less metal than urban soils. For Spillway samples, the median metal content (in microg g(-1)) is 4.7 Pb, 11.1 Zn, 0.7 Cd, 164 Mn, 0.8 Cr, 3.9 Ni, 3.2 V, and 3.9 Cu. For urban soils, the median metal content (in microg g(-1)) is 120 Pb, 130 Zn, 3.2 Cd, 138 Mn, 2.1 Cr, 9.8 Ni, 3.8 V, and 12.7 Cu. Metal associations also differ between Spillway alluvium and urban alluvial soils. Fresh alluvium correlation coefficients between individual metals vary from 0.87 to 0.99 (P < 10(-13)) except for Cr which ranges from 0.57 to 0.68 (P < 10(-7)). The urban soil correlation coefficients for metals and the index value are 0.40-0.98. In urban soils, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Cu are dominant metals and highly associated, with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.83 to 0.98 (P < 10(-25)). Their strong association justifies the use of GIS to map the integrated soil metal index (sum of the medians of metals by census tract) of New Orleans. Although also positively correlated (0.40-0.68, P < 10(-10)), Cd, Mn, Ni and V differ in their distribution in the city compared to Pb, Zn, Cr and Cu. Overall, significantly higher metal values occur in the inner city and lower values occur in outlying areas. The human health impact of the mixture of metals is not well understood. This study provides empirical data about the mixture and distribution of metals in New Orleans alluvial soils. Given common technical development, especially of traffic flows in cities, similar patterns of soil metals are expected for all US cities and probably international cities as well. Primary prevention of urban metal accumulations is necessary to enhance and sustain the development of urban culture.     

城市风貌特色的维护、弘扬、完善和塑造

城市风貌特色鲜明是世界上绝大多数优秀城市所共有的一种品质.城市风貌特色具有历史积淀、形态延续和有序演进三大特点.我国城市风貌特色的维育应善于把握城市发展和建设机遇,树立城市人工建设和自然要素的和谐观,遵循总体调控、分区突出倾向、局部彰显特色的原则,努力构建多样统一、和而不同的城市风貌特色.     

室内、空间、环境

步入90年代室内空间设计在飞速发展,“传统”概念向模糊化发展,世界流行文化室内空间设计师越来越注重“共性化”的创造。室内空间设计更有引人注目之处。如大型复合商业设施的升级,历史文化的底蕴,自然材料的应用,高科技的应用。中国在近50年里室内空间设计有了很大的发展,今后应在“国际新文化环境”的创造方面予以更多的重视。     

厦门市生态空间规划管控历程、特征及优化策略

生态空间规划管控是实现生态空间治理和推进生态文明建设的基础.文章回顾与评价了厦门经济特区设立以来的生态空间规划管控历程,并结合国土空间规划体系改革要求和生态理念,对市级生态空间规划进行了思考,从而提出了转变规划思维、调整规划方法,统筹全市域、全要素生态空间;衔接国土空间规划、生态设计、生态修复及生态相关规划,运用"多规...     

Building,Thinking, and Politics: Mies,Heidegger, and the Nazis

The Djoser funerary complex was meant to be a house for a god and a metaphor for the sky. Today, it is usually understood that this original work of classical architecture is a vacant house of stone “from which the gods have fled.”

This difference does not have to be understood as a further sign of an irrecoverable loss of meaning. It is a historical doubling of meaning, or a duplicity. This article explores the duplicity of meaning of the Djoser complex by comparing references to architecture in the Pyramid Texts with texts of contemporary criticism, in particular, “The Pit and the Pyramid” by Jacques Derrida.     

长春科技文化综合中心

三座石质立方体即为三座博物馆．围绕在中心入口楼周围．形如风车上的叶板。这样的建筑设定清晰地表达了三座场馆的功能差异。三座立方体建筑雕塑感十足．高雅而极具个性的开放空间成为入口大堂，令三座展馆别具一格。     

Determination of Co,Cu, Fe,Hg, Mn,Sb, Se and Zn in milk samples

Concentrations of Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Sb, Se and Zn in IAEA milk (dry) standard A-11 were re-evaluated with the help of instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (NAA). The results show reasonably good agreement for Co (5.1 ± 0.55 ng/g) and Zn (34 ± 2.5 μg/g), in relation to the recommended values. For Cu (374 ± 15 ng/g), Fe (2.4 ± 0.34 μg/g) and Mn (250 ± 20 ng/g); the results obtained are lower than the reported values.Cu, Mn, and Zn were cross-checked by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results, Cu = 331 ± 27 ng/g, Mn = 302 ± 62 ng/g, and Zn = 35 ± 1 μg/g, fall within the range of mean values obtained by NAA.For Hg and Se, using instrumental NAA, only upper limits could be indicated; because of the low levels of concentrations of Hg and Se on one hand, and high content of P (9100 μg/g) in A-11 milk standard on the other, NAA coupled with radiochemistry is to be preferred for these two elements.In pooled human milk, in addition to Cu and Mn (radiochemical) and Co, Fe, Sb and Zn (instrumental), Hg and Se could also be determined non-destructively because of the favourable Hg/P and Se/P ratios in this matrix.