无卤阻燃聚碳酸酯薄壁材料

分别将磺酸盐阻燃剂(KSS)、甲基苯基硅树脂(SFR)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)进行复配制备无卤阻燃聚碳酸酯(PC)薄壁材料.用极限氧指数(LOI)、热失重(TG)、水平垂直燃烧等测试手段分析研究各阻燃体系对PC及PC薄壁制品的阻燃性,并测试其对力学性能的影响.结果表明:KSS,SFR能提高PC的阻燃性能,SFR尤其能提高PC的加工性能和缺口冲击强度.在KSS和SFR的添加量分别为0.5和0.4份时,KSS和SFR表现出很好的协同阻燃效果,能实现3.2和1.6 mm下PC的UL94V-0级阻燃,0.8 mm的UL94 V-1级.     

改性PTFE对聚碳酸酯的阻燃抗滴性能研究

研究了改性聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）微粉以及溴系阻燃剂十溴二苯醚（DBDPO）、超细无机阻燃剂A对聚碳酸酯（PC）阻燃防滴落性能的影响。结果表明,改性PTFE能够有效遏制PC的熔融滴落状态。与阻燃剂一起使用,垂直燃烧测试结果达到UL94V-0级。三者共同使用阻燃效果更佳。     

新型磷系阻燃剂四苯基(双酚-A)二磷酸酯阻燃PC/ABS的研究

利用自制的四苯基(双酚-A)二磷酸酯(BDP)及其复配体系制备了阻燃PC/ABS,研究了阻燃PC/ABS的力学性能、氧指数(LOI)和垂直燃烧测试性能(UL94)、材料的阻燃性能和烟气释放。结果表明:采用15%的BDP阻燃PC/ABS,材料的冲击强度下降了12.82%,LOI达到30.0%,UL94阻燃性能达到V—0级,平均热释放速率(av-HRR)和最大热释放速率(pk-HRR)分别下降了35.84%和31.17%,点燃时间(TTI)延长18s,火势增长指数(FGI)下降了46.72%,比消光面积(SEA)上升了6.68%;采用BDP/APP复配阻燃PC/ABS,材料的冲击强度最大降幅为33.33%,LOI最大可达30.1%,UL94阻燃性能由V—0级降为V—1级,av-HRR和pk-HRR最大分别下降40.89%和31.2%,TTI最大延长20s,FGI最大降幅为50.37%,SEA最大涨幅为11.14%;采用BDP/纳米SiO2复配阻燃PC/ABS,当纳米SiO2的添加量为7%时,材料的冲击强度上升了5.13%,LOI达到31.1%,UL94阻燃性能达到V—0级,av-HRR和pk-HRR分别下降了43.18%和4069%,TTI延长20s,FGI降幅为59.12%,平均比消光面积(av-SEA)涨幅为8.09%,6min内av-SEA下降6.92%,(6min总发烟指数)TSPI6min下降5.54%,阻燃、抑烟效果最佳,对PC/ABS材料的力学性能影响最小。     

3-苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾与三苯基氧化膦复配阻燃聚碳酸酯的研究

分别以3-苯磺酰基苯磺酸钾(KSS)和磷酸三苯酯(TPP)复配体系为阻燃剂,制备了聚碳酸酯(PC)复合材料。通过极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL94)、热失重分析(TGA)实验研究了两种阻燃剂对PC阻燃性能和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,PC/0.1%KSS复合材料的LOI值由PC的25.2%提高到36.1%,UL 94达到V-0级,初始分解温度由406.5℃提高到460.7℃,900℃残炭率由14.7%增加到19.6%;相比PC/0.1%KSS复合材料,PC/0.1%KSS/1%TPP复合材料的LOI降到30.7%,UL94降到V-2级,初始分解温度降到294.7℃,残炭率降到15.4%,由此可知,TPP和KSS具有对抗作用,不适合复配阻燃改性PC。     

ABS树脂的无卤膨胀阻燃研究

以聚酰胺6(PA6)为协效成炭剂,将膨胀型阻燃剂聚磷酸铵(APP)应用于ABS树脂,通过氧指数(OI)测定及UL94测定,探讨了PA6、APP含量对阻燃体系阻燃性能的影响;同时,对复合体系进行了热失重分析,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了复合物燃烧后炭层结构。结果表明:PA6的加入明显提升了体系成炭率,降低了最大热失重速率,ABS/PA6/APP体系燃烧表面形成了膨胀、均匀、致密的炭层结构。当PA6/ABS=20/80时,阻燃性能最佳,当APP含量为25%时,OI可以达到30%,UL94测定达V—1级;当APP含量为35%时,UL94测定达V—0级。     

耐低温高抗冲阻燃PC基LDS材料研制

以聚碳酸酯(PC)为基材,含硅树脂、不同MBS树脂为抗冲击改性剂,磺酸盐、抗滴落剂、溴化物为阻燃剂,研究了抗冲击改性剂和阻燃剂的协同配合对改善PC基激光直接成型(LDS)材料低温冲击强度和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,含硅树脂含量超过70%时,能明显改善PC材料的低温抗冲击性能,但材料成本高。MBS EXL2690含量超过4%后,能明显改善PC材料的低温抗冲击性能,但MBS EXL2690用量一旦超过2%,磺酸盐、含氟抗滴落剂、含硅树脂组成的复合阻燃体系就很难使PC材料达到V0级。含硅MBS S–1含量超过5%,将会明显改善PC材料的低温冲击强度。然而当含硅MBS S–1含量一旦超过3.3%,增加阻燃剂用量很难达到阻燃V0级。选用更高硅含量、更大粒径的MBS S–2,其低温抗冲击性能突变点在4.4%左右,在该用量下配合磺酸盐复合阻燃体系能达到V1级。并用0.32%～0.47%溴化物,最终获得–30℃低温冲击强度大于600 J/m和阻燃级别达V0级的PC基LDS材料。此外,对阻燃剂相互配合机理做了解释。     

抗滴落阻燃PET合金材料的研究

研究环保型阻燃剂十溴二苯乙烷协同三氧化二锑对PET合金性能的影响,并利用防滴落剂聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)解决阻燃PET合会熔融滴落现象.通过TGA、UL-94垂直燃烧、极限氧指数(LOI)及成炭性考察了阻燃剂和防滴落剂对PET/弹性体阻燃性的影响,并对阻燃合金的力学性能进行了分析.结果表明,十溴二苯乙烷、三氧化二锑及防滴落剂的加入提高了材料的热稳定性,明显改善了合金的阻燃性,尤其加入PTFE后合金材料无熔融滴落现象,使PET合金的阻燃等级达V-0级.阻燃PET合金的力学性能随着PTFE的加入得到了改善.     

硅树脂阻燃聚碳酸酯的研究

采用苯基甲基硅树脂对聚碳酸酯(PC)进行阻燃改性。试验结果表明,苯基甲基硅树脂对PC具有阻燃作用,可有效提高阻燃PC的缺口冲击强度和拉伸强度,并提高热变形温度,但对电性能影响不大。在苯基甲基硅树脂质量分数为6％时,材料的氧指数从28％提高到40．6％,阻燃等级由UL94V—2级提高到Ⅴ—0级,不仅完全满足环保要求。而且可保证改性PC材料在阻燃性能要求高的场合应用。     

工程塑料阻燃体系市场发展概况

简要介绍了包括阻燃剂、阻燃工程塑料和抗滴落剂在内的工程塑料阻燃体系,分析了工程塑料用阻燃剂和抗滴落剂的市场发展概况,总结了阻燃工程塑料中不同基础树脂适用的阻燃剂.阻燃聚碳酸酯和丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元共聚物合金(PC/ABS)、阻燃聚碳酸酯(PC)主要使用双酚A-双磷酸二苯酯(BDP)等有机无卤磷系阻燃剂并添加抗滴落...     

磷酸三苯酯/热塑性酚醛树脂在PC中协效阻燃作用的研究

采用磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和热塑性酚醛树脂(PF-T)复配阻燃聚碳酸酯(PC),探讨了TPP/PF-T不同配比以及阻燃剂添加总量变化对整个体系的阻燃性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,当PC/TPP/PF-T质量比为80/10/10时,体系的氧指数达到46%,阻燃级别达到UL94V-0级;TPP/PF-T的协效作用机理为热解过程中PF-T与TPP发生酯交换反应而形成稳定的网状结构,抑制了TPP的挥发,提高了体系的热稳定性及阻燃性能。     

三聚氰胺氰尿酸阻燃尼龙6的抗熔滴燃烧性研究

考察传统抗滴落剂聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）微粉和氮磷复合型阻燃剂三聚氰胺磷酸盐（MP）对三聚氰胺氰尿酸（MCA）阻燃尼龙6抗熔滴燃烧性的影响。结果表明,PTFE与MCA之间有对抗效应,加入PTFE后材料的阻燃性能有所降低;而MP可显著增强其凝聚相过程,有效降低材料的熔滴燃烧性,提高材料的阻燃性能。     

PTFE-SAN复合粒子在ABS中的分散及其对ABS燃烧特性的影响

研究了种子乳液聚合制备的聚四氟乙烯/苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(PTFE-SAN)复合粒子在ABS中的分散及其对ABS燃烧特性的影响。发现PTFE粒子在ABS基体中分散良好,并出现少量成纤;PTFE-SAN粒子的加入可促进ABS的塑化,但却使ABS的熔体流动指数减小,流动性下降;PTFE-SAN复合粒子可降低ABS的燃烧速度,并具有良好的防止燃烧过程熔体滴落的作用。     

无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金

通过阻燃性能、力学性能测试及场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)分析,研究相容剂、增韧剂、磷酸酯阻燃剂对PC/ABS合金阻燃及力学性能的影响,结果表明:相容剂A使ABS在PC中的颗粒尺寸减少,对PC/ABS体系相容性最好,但对合金的冲击性能提高有限.丙烯酸酯类增韧剂B的加入显著提高了PC/ABS合金的韧性.磷酸酯类阻燃剂虽然对PC/ABS合金具有很好的阻燃效果,但极大降低了合金的冲击性能,不同的加工工艺对合金的力学性能影响很大.     

A flame-retardant-free and thermo-cross-linkable copolyester: Flame-retardant and anti-dripping mode of action

Flame-retardant-free and thermo-cross-linkable copolyesters have been synthesized, and their flame retardation and anti-dripping behavior as a consequence of cross-linking during combustion were investigated in detail. TG-DSC simultaneous thermal analysis, rheological analysis, and TGA established the extent and rate of the cross-linking reaction. The extent of cross-linking depends on the content of cross-linkable monomer, PEPE, and the higher the extent of the cross-linking, the better the flame retardance and anti-dripping performance of copolyesters. The large melt viscosity caused by cross-linked networks at high temperature played the most important role in anti-dripping of copolyesters. TG-FTIR results confirmed that the flame-retardant activity of copolyesters mainly took effect in the condensed phase, and XPS results indicated that the carbonization process was aromatization-dominant. SEM and Raman analysis suggested that the char layers were constituted mainly of polyaromatic species with small and uniform microstructures at the surface. Consequently, both the large melt viscosity and the formation of an especially compact char with fine microstructure resulting from cross-linking were considered as the key to the flame retardance and anti-dripping performance of the polymer when subjected to the flame.     

无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金性能及应用

通过非等温热失重方法对无卤阻燃剂双酚A双磷酸二苯酯(BDP)和Sb2O3及其复配体系,以及采用该类阻燃剂的聚碳酸酯(PC)/(丙烯腈/丁二烯/笨乙烯)共聚物(ABS)合金的热分解行为进行了研究;同时,对采用该类阻燃剂的PC/ABS合金的力学性能、阻燃性能进行了研究,并通过扫描电镜对加入BDP的PC/ABS合金的微观结构进行了研究.结果表明,BDP/Sb2O3为7/3、质量分数为10%时,合金的综合性能优良,氧指数达到29.5%,缺口冲击强度达到84.23 kJ/m2>;BDP对PC/ABS合金具有一定的增容效果.合金可用于汽车行业、电子电器等行业.     

Mg（OH）2/APP/IPPP/SiO2阻燃剂对SEBS阻燃性能的研究

采用正交实验,使用热压机制备了含阻燃剂和55#白油的苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物（SEBS）复合弹性体,对其进行了力学性能、极限氧指数、水平燃烧测定和差热分析,探讨了阻燃剂对其阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。实验结果表明：55#白油/氢氧化镁/APP/IPPP/SiO2/SEBS的质量比为3/0.2/3/0.25/0.05/1时,SEBS复合弹性体的阻燃性能和力学性能较好,拉伸强度为0.7 MPa;在89～777℃范围内碳残留量高达31.43%,水平燃烧符合GB/T 2408的FH-1级,极限氧指数为24。     

Investigation of the influence of red phosphorus,expansible graphite and zinc borate on flame retardancy and wear performance of glass fiber reinforced PA6 composites

The flame retarded materials were prepared which used wear‐resistant PA6 composite (PA6/GF/PTFE/UHMWPE/CG, 85/15/5/5/5 by weight) as matrix, red phosphorus (RP), expansible graphite (EG), and zinc borate (ZB) as fire retardant. The flame retarded properties were characterized by LOI and UL‐94 testing. PA6 composite with 15 wt% RP reached V0 rating and had a high LOI value (27.3 vol%). When a combination of 7 wt% ZB and 8 wt% RP was added, increases in LOI (27.9 vol%) and UL‐94 rating(V0) were both observed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and char residue characterization showed that the combination of RP and ZB can promote the formation of char barrier, reduce the mass loss rate, and thus improve the flame retardancy of PA6 composites. The wear test showed that, the composite filled by 15 wt% RP or a combination of 7 wt% ZB and 8 wt% RP both possessed a low wear rate and a much stable friction coefficient. The presence of EG could also improve the flame retardance but was harmful to the mechanical property as well as wear performance. The results indicated that ZB and RP had synergy effect on improving both flame retardance and wear performance of PA6 composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2090–2097, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Synergistic effect of organic silicon on the flame retardancy and thermal properties of polycarbonate/potassium‐4‐(phenylsulfonyl) benzenesulfonate systems

Melt blending was used to prepare a series of flame‐retardant hybrids based on bisphenol A, polycarbonate (PC), potassium‐4‐(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonate (KSS), and the organic silicon compounds N‐(β‐aminoethyl)‐γ‐aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (KH‐602) and diphenylsilanediol. The flame retardancy and thermal stability of the hybrids were investigated by the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, the UL‐94 vertical burning test, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the flame retardancy of the PC/KSS system and the weight of the residues improved with the addition of the organic silicon. When the content of diphenylsilanediol was 4 wt % and KH‐602 was 1 wt %, the LOI value of the PC/KSS system was found to be 47, and Class V‐0 of the UL‐94 test was achieved. The microstructures observed by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the surface of the char for PC/KSS systems with KH‐602 and diphenylsilanediol hold a more cohesive and denser char structure when compared with the pure PC/KSS system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

EPDM/PP/IFR/Nano-ZnO阻燃复合材料的制备及其性能研究

将纳米氧化锌(nano-ZnO)作为协效改性剂与膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)复配,制成IFR/nano-ZnO复合阻燃剂,并将其用于三元乙丙橡胶/聚丙烯(EPDM/PP)复合材料的阻燃。研究了nano-ZnO用量对该EPDM/PP/IFR/nano-ZnO阻燃复合材料的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:EPDM/PP/IFR/nano-ZnO阻燃复合材料具有优良的阻燃性能,且材料的力学性能明显改善;另外,当nano-ZnO用量为2%时,该阻燃复合材料的综合性能最佳。