颗粒度对Mn—Zn铁氧体吸波性能的影响

本文对含5种粒度的烧结Mn-Zn铁氧体填充环氧树脂基复合材料的微波吸收特性进行了研究。结果表明:其中4种粒度的铁氧体的复合材料具有相似的微波衰减特征、而含-80～120目的铁氧体试样对微波衰减作用较强、吸收峰相对较宽,且向高频方向移动。     

矿物颜料颗粒度对色彩的影响

选取不同颗粒度的岩肌、白翠末等矿物颜料,采用简化的Mie散射理论,研究矿物颜料颗粒度对色彩的影响。研究结果表明,随着颜料颗粒度的减小,白翠末和岩肌的光谱反射率明显增加,颜色的明度值也均随之增加,而其颜色饱和度随之降低,且对于同种颜料而言,随着颗粒度的改变,颜色的色相有微小变化。     

E5015（J507）焊条药皮中大理石的颗粒度对其熔敷金属化学成分及力学性能的影响

选取大理石作为研究对象,对大理石粉料进行了筛分并进行了焊条制备和测试。研究了药皮原料中大理石的颗粒度对E5015焊条熔敷金属化学成分及力学性能的影响。试验结果表明：随着大理石颗粒度的减小（由40—60目减小至100目以下）,E5015焊条的熔敷金属化学成分Si、Mn含量逐渐下降,其熔敷金属屈服及抗拉强度逐渐降低而冲击功则逐渐升高。     

铝粉含量及颗粒度对乳化炸药做功能力的影响

为了研究铝粉质量分数以及颗粒度对乳化炸药爆速与做功能力的影响,通过爆速测试仪电测法以及爆破漏斗法测量不同质量分数及颗粒度的含铝乳化炸药的爆速与做功能力,结果表明:在铝粉质量分数低于10%范围内,随着铝粉质量分数的增加,爆速与做功能力相对增加;当铝粉质量分数在10%~30%时,乳化炸药的爆速随着铝粉质量分数增加而减少,做功能力正好相反。当铝粉颗粒度变细时,爆速不断减小,做功能力不断增大。此次实验将不同的铝粉质量分数以及颗粒度的乳化炸药的爆速进行多次测量,发现质量分数与颗粒度分别对乳化炸药爆速有着一定的影响。究其原因,发现含铝乳化炸药的爆速与做功能力受其活性比、波阵面上铝粉饱和与否、反应区宽度等不同因素的影响,并不是单一的正负相关。     

铝粉含量及颗粒度对乳化炸药做功能力的影响

为了研究铝粉质量分数以及颗粒度对乳化炸药爆速与做功能力的影响,通过爆速测试仪电测法以及爆破漏斗法测量不同质量分数及颗粒度的含铝乳化炸药的爆速与做功能力,结果表明:在铝粉质量分数低于10%范围内,随着铝粉质量分数的增加,爆速与做功能力相对增加;当铝粉质量分数在10%³0%时,乳化炸药的爆速随着铝粉质量分数增加而减少,做功能力正好相反。当铝粉颗粒度变细时,爆速不断减小,做功能力不断增大。此次实验将不同的铝粉质量分数以及颗粒度的乳化炸药的爆速进行多次测量,发现质量分数与颗粒度分别对乳化炸药爆速有着一定的影响。究其原因,发现含铝乳化炸药的爆速与做功能力受其活性比、波阵面上铝粉饱和与否、反应区宽度等不同因素的影响,并不是单一的正负相关。     

激光防护材料SmBO3的制备及其光学吸收特性

利用固相法制备了SmBO3粉体,讨论了煅烧温度对粉体合成及光学吸收特性的影响.结果表明:原料经800℃煅烧后,即可获得单相的三斜SmBO3,粉体呈不规则颗粒状,颗粒大小主要分布在500～600nm;1200℃煅烧后,三斜SmBO3完全转变为六方SmBO3,颗粒尺寸长大至1～2μm.反射率图谱表明,在1.05～1.15μm?长范围?两种晶?SmBO3粉体?光均存?较强的?收,并?在1.07μm波长附近反射率达最低值.红外图谱显示,三斜SmBO3在500～1400cm-1波数范围内,存在较为集中的吸收峰;六方SmBO3在944 cm-1(10.6μm波长)处的吸收峰宽化,并且吸收明显增强.因此SmBO3是一种能兼容1.06和10.6μm波长的激光防护吸收剂材料.     

颗粒运动对衍射光空间分布的影响

为了研究激光粒度测量颗粒分布时,测量区中处于运动状态的颗粒对衍射光空间分布和粒径测量结果的影响,从理论上分析了颗粒运动对衍射光的影响。结果表明:颗粒运动并不影响衍射光的空间分布,只改变衍射光的时域分布,因此对于颗粒粒径测量结果不产生影响。     

Zeta电位测量中电场对颗粒粒径的影响

为确定电泳光散射法测量纳米颗粒zeta电位过程中电场对颗粒系统性质的影响,实验研究210、360 nm 2种标准颗粒的单分散溶液在通电前、后颗粒粒度的变化;通过测量90°散射角的动态光散射信号,采用自相关技术进行信号分析,用累积法反演计算颗粒的粒径。结果表明,颗粒在小电压的情况下,粒径几乎没有变化;随着电压的增大,平均粒径逐渐增大,说明样品发生团聚;电压越大,颗粒团聚越快。     

不同制备方法对LaFeO_3材料及其性能影响的研究

本文用不同方法合成了 LaFeO_3稀土复合氧化物材料,分析它们的结构和性质,并将其制成相应的气敏元件对乙醇气体进行检测。实验证明,不同合成方法对材料本身的性能及元件的气敏性均产生较大影响。     

纳米颗粒的粒度对PMMA基复合材料光学性能的影响

研究了纳米颗粒的粒度对有机/无机复合材料光学性能的影响。实验结果表明，随着纳米粒子粒度的减小，复合材料的亮度，视角均得到提高，并从纳米粒子的结构和散射机理方面进行了理论解释。     

关于不同粒度粉末层间烧结收缩不同步问题的探讨

在利用粉末烧结法制备梯度功能材料的过程中,会涉及到不同材质或同材质不同粒度粉末共同烧结的问题.主要结合多孔材料和膜材料的烧结,对现有实现共同烧结的技术进行对比,着重介绍了通过调整烧结工艺以达到共烧的方法,并对该技术的发展进行了展望.     

ZAO包覆SmBO_3纳米复合粒子的制备

为了获得具有良好红外低发射和激光低反射率复合材料,通过将ZAO复合于SmBO3表面的方法,获得了1.06μm激光低反射率和8-14μm红外低发射率的ZAO/SmBO3纳米复合粒子。通过对ZAO、ZAO/SmBO3前驱体的热分析,确定了对复合物的热处理温度。借助TG、XRD和SEM等手段对SmBO3、ZAO/SmBO3进行了表征,采用UV-3101PC、红外发射率测量仪研究了SmBO3含量、颗粒粒径等因素对复合材料光学性能的影响。研究结果表明:当SmBO3粒径为97nm时,添加SmBO3的物质的量和ZnO的物质的量的比值为0.5时,所制备的ZAO/SmBO3复合材料具有最好的激光和红外隐身效果,这时的激光反射率为0.33%,红外发射率为0.68。     

功率对微波辅助溶液燃烧合成Li_2TiO_3粉末性质的影响

以尿素为燃料,采用微波辅助溶液燃烧技术(MSCS)一步合成出氚增殖材料Li2Ti O3陶瓷粉末。记录了前驱体溶液的温度变化,借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)等测试手段,考察了微波功率对粉末相组成、微观形貌的影响,并与传统溶液燃烧合成的产物进行了比较。结果表明,采用MSCS技术可以避免尿素在沸腾阶段的分解,保证后续燃烧过程的进行,且随着微波功率的增大,Li2Ti O3相的相对含量逐渐增加,当微波功率达到1 200 W时,产物为单一的Li2Ti O3相,晶粒尺寸约为60 nm,粒径分布窄。     

Effects of doping with La and Mn on the crystallite growth and phase transition of BaTiO3 powders

The effects of La and Mn dopants on the crystallite growth and the phase transformation of BaTiO₃ powders were studied. The barium titanate powders were obtained by calcining barium titanyl oxalate tetrahydrate in the temperature range 800 to 1200 °C. Crystallite growth of BaTiO₃ powders was promoted by the use of Mn dopant due to the increase of oxygen vacancies. The dissolution of La dopant into BaTiO₃ structure may decrease the oxygen vacancies so that the growth of BaTiO₃ crystallites is inhibited at high temperature ( 900 °C). When the crystallite size is small, the barium titanate can exist as a cubic phase due to the manifestation of the surface energy. Undoped cubic BaTiO₃ powders can be stable at a size < 30 nm. Doping with La and Mn would bring the crystallite size for the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transformation to 100 nm, resulting from the presence of cation or oxygen vacancies.     

Effects of dopant granularity on superhalo-channel MOSFETs according to two- and three-dimensional computer simulations

We have performed two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) computer simulations of random dopant fluctuations in 25-nm planar n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) with superhalo channel doping. Our study shows that 2-D simulations that neglect lateral percolation of the carriers can overestimate the impact on threshold voltage (V/sub T/) fluctuations by as much as a factor of four. Fundamental differences in the way the 2-D and 3-D models describe subthreshold and near-threshold conduction are highlighted in our study. Our models reveal that surface percolation of carriers is an effective agent for reducing V/sub T/ fluctuations. In addition, the halo only enhances the V/sub T/ fluctuations by approximately 10%. Though the influence of the superhalo in the device may be overwhelmed by atomistic granularity according to the 2-D model, 3-D simulations show that the halo continues to function coherently for the MOSFET ensemble when charge percolation is accounted.     

二次生长中间相炭微球的粒度分析和结构研究

为研究添加中间相炭微球(MCMB)生球的煤焦油沥青中炭质中间相的发展情况,实验中以热缩具方法于420 ℃下反应12 h得到二次生长的MCMB.对比发现,MCMB的收率较未添加条件下制得的球体有了大幅度的提高.在光学显微镜下观察二次生长后的中间相沥青,发现MCMB的生长具有双向性,即分别向两个尺寸(大球和小球)发展,且随着MCMB加入量的增加,中间相沥青中大球的比例明显提高.粒度分析和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对MCMB的形貌表征结果也印证了这一结论.同时,SEM下的微观表征还显示大球和小球具有相同的断面结构特征.     

引气剂对水泥基材料电磁波反射率和透波率的影响

为研究孔隙对水泥基材料电磁波反射与透射性能的影响,在砂浆中掺入引气剂,利用矢量网络分析仪和压汞仪对水泥基材料的反射率、透波率以及孔结构进行测试。结果表明,引气剂可以显著降低水泥基材料反射率,当引气剂掺量为0.01%时样品反射率最低;水泥基平板透波率在8.2~12.4、12.4~18和26.5~40 GHz范围内均随着频率增大呈减小的趋势,掺加引气剂对水泥基平板的透波性能有明显的改善;随着引气剂掺量由0增加到0.015%,水泥砂浆0.1μm以下的孔隙明显增多,且孔隙率也逐渐增大,掺量为0.015%时,孔隙率达到29.8%。孔隙率的增大降低了材料的介电常数,改善了材料表面对电磁波的反射和透射性能。     

Effects of pH and H2O2 upon coprecipitated PbTiO3 powders

PbTiO₃ was prepared by coprecipitation and calcination from mixed solutions of TiCl₄ and Pb(NO₃)₂. The effect of pH in the precipitation solution on the properties of calcined powders was studied by calcining coprecipitated precursor powders prepared at pH values between 8.00 and 10.50. The effects of H₂O₂ were studied by preparing PbTiO₃ powders from mixed solutions containing H₂O₂PbTiO₃ ratios between 01 and 61. Synthesis of phase pure PbTiO₃ by coprecipitation and calcination is highly dependent upon the complex ionic equilibria dictated by the pH. The pH used for precipitation determines the types of crystalline phases formed from coprecipitated precursor powders. The rate at which amorphous precipitates transform to crystalline PbTiO₃ during calcination is also affected by both the pH and H₂O₂ additions. High purity (greater than 98%) PbTiO₃ with a rapid amorphous-to-crystalline transformation rate was obtained for H₂O₂PbTiO₃=1.11, and pH=9.65 to 9.75.     

Effects of pH and H2O2 upon coprecipitated PbTiO3 powders

The properties of precipitated materials are highly dependent upon the complex ionic equilibria of the species in the solutions used for precipitation. Concentration, temperature, and pH dictate the complex species present within aqueous systems, and therefore affect the final precipitate properties. This paper discusses the effect of pH on the properties of PbTiO₃ precursor powders prepared by adding stoichiometric mixtures of TiCI₄ and Pb(NO₃)₂, in aqueous solution, to NH₄OH solutions. Several powders were prepared between pH 8.00 and 10.50. The pH does not affect the amorphous structure, but does have a pronounced effect upon the specific surface area and growth mechanisms of the precipitates.Since previous studies indicated that hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) affects the hydroxylation of the precipitated powders, the effect of (H₂O₂) concentration on the precipitate properties was also studied. Several precipitates were prepared from solutions containing (H₂O₂): PbTiO₃ ratios between 0:1 and 6:1. When (H₂O₂) was not added to the solutions used for precipitation, atmospheric CO₂ dissolved in solution caused precipitation of carbonate species. Thus, addition of the (H₂O₂) to the solutions inhibited precipitation of the carbonates.     

Effects of organic binders on the sintering of isostatically compacted zirconia powders

Certain processing-related flaws in cold isostatically pressed ceramic powder compacts may arise from the delayed burn-out of organic binders until the sintering temperature is approached, although the isostatic compaction technique usually gives a higher and much more uniform green density than the conventional die compaction technique. For the 3 mol% Y₂O₃-doped zirconia powder in which 3 wt% PEG 1500 was introduced, the sintered density and sintering shrinkage were found to decrease in a near linear manner with increasing isostatic compaction pressure. The processing-related defects were identified as intergranular pores (1–5 m). It is considered that these processing-related defects are a consequence of incomplete organic burn-out at low and intermediate temperatures in the heating-up period and the swelling of intergranular pores associated with the burn-out of residual organic binders at temperatures close to the sintering temperature. A higher calcination temperature and an extended calcination dwell time may be required to eliminate the organic residuals in the isostatically pressed ceramic powder compacts than in the conventional die-pressed samples.