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2A66铝锂合金板材各向异性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用布氏硬度与拉伸性能测试以及OM,SEM和TEM分析,研究2A66铝锂合金板材力学性能的各向异性随时效时间变化的规律和合金时效状态下的显微组织,并探讨影响各向异性的主要因素。结果表明:165℃峰值时效前,随时效时间的延长,2A66铝锂合金力学性能的各向异性程度逐渐下降,过时效后合金的各向异性有所增强,伸长率的各向异性大于强度各向异性。峰时效(64h)时合金的σ_b,σ_(0.2),δ的IPA值均达到了最低值,分别为3.0%,3.0%,12.2%,此时合金也获得了较好的强塑性结合,轴向σ_b,σ_(0.2),δ分别为526.5,448.9MPa,10.1%。不同热处理状态下,2A66铝锂合金平面各向异性的总体表现为:纵向(0°)和横向(90°)的强度最高,45°方向最低;45°方向试样的伸长率最高,纵向和横向最低。 相似文献
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针对活性粉末混凝土 (RPC200:Reactive Powder Concrete 200MPa)的非线性行为,将连续损伤力学和塑性力学结合起来,建立了RPC200的弹塑性各向异性损伤耦合本构。在有效应力空间内,采用非关联流动法则和非均匀等向强化法则建立了RPC200的塑性本构。基于损伤能释放率建立了损伤准则,并由正交法则给出损伤演化法则,同时采用两个不同的损伤硬化法则来描述拉、压性能不同的损伤硬化。证明了该文所建模型与热动力学基本原理的相容性。最后,给出了RPC弹塑性各向异性损伤耦合本构模型数值计算流程,并以简单例证证明了所建模型的预测能力。 相似文献
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目的 研究2195铝锂合金在实验温度360~510 ℃、应变速率0.01~10 s−1条件下的热压缩变形行为,建立其本构模型及热加工图,获取该合金的安全加工工艺参数。方法 采用Gleeble−3500热模拟试验机进行热变形实验,分析合金的流变行为及热加工图,结合微观组织阐述其热变形机理,并对所得最优参数进行热挤压实验验证。结果 2195铝锂合金的流变应力随变形温度增加而减小,随应变速率增加而增加;其热激活能Q为203.643 9 kJ/mol、结构因子A为1.943 9×1014、应力因子α为0.013、应变硬化指数n为5.883 9。确定合金的主要失稳区工艺参数区间为379~420 ℃、0.75~10 s–1和480~510 ℃、1~10 s−1,安全加工区间为440~510 ℃、0.01~0.25 s−1。铸态2195铝锂合金的屈服和抗拉强度分别仅为(179±6)MPa和(239±11)MPa,经热挤压实验后分别达到(605±6)、(633±3)MPa,分别提高了3.5和2.6倍;铸态合金的显微硬度仅为(115±1)HV,热加工后型材达到(178±4)HV,相较于铸态合金增加了54%。结论 2195铝锂合金的流变行为符合正应变速率敏感特征,其安全加工区域集中在高温低应变速率区,主要发生了动态再结晶,实验型材在此区域表现出卓越的力学性能。 相似文献
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2195铝锂合金薄壁件被广泛应用于航空航天领域,提高2195铝锂合金的成形性是实现其高性能成形制造的基础和前提.本工作通过不同温度(298~77 K)和不同应变速率(0.00025~0.01 s-1)的超低温单轴拉伸试验研究了变形温度和应变速率对2195铝锂合金超低温流变规律的影响,结合埃里克森杯突实验及断口形貌观察,分析了变形温度对成形性的影响机理.结果表明:变形温度由室温(298 K)降低至超低温(77 K),2195铝锂合金试样延伸率和抗拉强度较室温分别提升78.11%和71.13%;杯突值(lE)和最大凸模力较室温提升19.2%和51.4%.同时,超低温条件下,材料加工硬化率较室温更高,并且具有更大的稳定塑形应变区间,成形性能明显提高;试样断口韧窝较室温尺寸减小、深度增加、分布更加均匀,断裂模式为典型的韧性断裂. 相似文献
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高温合金具有优良的综合性能,是航空发动机高性能构件的首选材料.由于高温合金带材屈服强度高、壁厚超薄、回弹明显、构件成形精度难以控制,因此研究现有循环本构模型对于高温合金带材变形预测的适用性具有重要意义.基于循环剪切实验,研究了不同循环塑性本构模型(Armstrong-Frederick(A-F)模型、Yoshida-Uemori(Y-U)模型和the anisotropic nonlinear kinematic(ANK)模型)对高温合金超薄带材循环塑性变形响应的表征效果.同时,通过U形弯实验和有限元仿真结果的对比,分析了不同屈服准则(Hill48,Barlat89和YLD2000-2d)结合不同循环塑性模型对于回弹预测的影响.结果表明,采用Y-U模型对高温合金超薄板循环塑性变形行为的表征能力最好,A-F和ANK模型次之.采用Y-U模型对回弹的预测精度高于各向同性模型和A-F模型,而屈服准则对回弹预测精度的影响不大,采用基于Hill48和YLD2000-2d屈服准则的Y-U模型,回弹预测误差可以控制在5%以内. 相似文献
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目的 研究GH5188 合金板材高温拉伸变形流动行为,为高温合金板材高温成形工艺的制定和优化提供指导.方法 基于GH5188 合金板材高温拉伸试验,分析了变形工艺参数对GH5188 合金板材高温拉伸变形时真应力、应变速率敏感性指数和应变硬化指数的影响规律,建立了本构模型对其流动行为进行描述和预测.结果 GH5188 合金板材高温拉伸变形流动行为受应变硬化、流动软化和应变速率硬化的共同影响,其变形过程分为弹性变形、加工硬化、稳态流动和断裂 4 个阶段.随变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低,真应力减小.变形温度、应变速率和真应变对GH5188合金板材的应变速率敏感性指数和应变硬化指数具有显著影响.基于Johnson-Cook和Hensel-Spittel模型,建立了考虑应变硬化效应、流动软化效应和应变速率硬化效应耦合影响的GH5188 合金板材高温拉伸变形本构模型(JC-HS模型),采用该模型预测的真应力与试验值的平均相对误差为 6.02%.结论 建立的JC-HS模型能够较好地描述和预测GH5188 合金板材的高温拉伸流动行为. 相似文献
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The dynamic mechanical properties of open-cell aluminum alloy foams with different relative densities and cell sizes have been investigated by compressive tests.The strain rates varied from 700 s^-1 to 2600 s^-1.The experimental results showed that the dynamic compressive stress-strain curves exhibited a typical three-stage behavior:elastic,plateau and densification.The dynamic compressive strength of foams is affected not only by the relative density but also by the strain rate and cell size.Aluminum alloy foams with higher relative density or smaller cell size are more sensitive to the strain rate than foams with lower relative density or larger cell size. 相似文献
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Creep-aging forming, combining both the aging treatment and forming process, has recently drawn much attention of researchers. In this study, the effects of creep-aging processing on the corrosion resistance of an Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy are studied. Results show that the corrosion resistance of the studied Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy is sensitive to creep-aging processing parameters (creep-aging temperature and applied stress). With the increase of creep-aging temperature, the corrosion resistance first increases and then decreases. Increasing the applied stress can deteriorate the electrochemical corrosion resistance and improve the exfoliation corrosion resistance. The creep-aging processing can change the size and distribution of precipitates in the aluminum matrix, which significantly affects the corrosion resistance. The discontinuous grain boundary precipitates and narrow precipitate-free zones can enhance the corrosion resistance. 相似文献
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Abstract When geo‐materials, such as soil, gravelly soil and soft rocks, are loaded by shear stress, they frequently exhibit volumetric deformation, either dilation or compression, that cannot be modeled by conventional elasticity of isotropic material. This study aims, using as few parameters as possible, to develop a material model designed to simulate the main deformation of geo‐materials. A constitutive model based on the concept of shear‐induced anisotropic degradation is proposed. The proposed constitutive model is characterized by the following features: (1) significant shear‐induced volumetric deformation prior to failure, (2) modulus stiffening under hydrostatic loading and degradation under shearing; (3) stress‐induced anisotropy; and (4) being versatile in representing many geo‐materials and their behaviors under various stress paths. In the proposed model, the deformational moduli, E, G, and G ', vary according to stress state. The stiffening and degradation of these moduli render the deformational behavior of geo‐materials. The proposed model needs only six material parameters, all of which possess physical meaning and can be easily obtained. Finally, the versatility of the proposed model is demonstrated by simulating various geo‐materials such as sandstone, gravelly soil and shale loaded under different stress paths. 相似文献
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Friction spot welding (FSpW) was applied to join the 7B04-T74 aluminum alloy successfully, and effects of sleeve plunge depth on weld appearance, microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated in detail. When the sleeve plunge depth was larger than 2 mm, a surface indentation with a depth of 0.2 mm should be applied in order to eliminate the defect of annular groove. The tensile shear properties of the joints were dependent on hook geometry, location of alclad layer, and hardness of stir zone (SZ). With increasing the sleeve plunge depth from 2 to 3.5 mm, the hook height increased, the alclad layer downward migrated further and the hardness of SZ decreased. The optimized FSpW joint was obtained when the sleeve plunge depth was 3 mm, and the corresponding tensile shear failure load was 11921 N. Two different failure modes, i.e. shear fracture mode and tensile-shear mixed fracture mode, were observed in the tensile shear tests. 相似文献
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X.D. Ren Y.K. ZhangH.F. Yongzhuo L. RuanD.W. Jiang T. ZhangK.M. Chen 《Materials Science and Engineering: A》2011,528(6):2899-2903
The aim of this paper was to identify the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) on the fatigue crack initiation and propagation of 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy. The laser shocked specimen in which residual compressive stress is mechanically produced into the surface showed a very high dislocation density within the grains. This was evident throughout the LSP region. The spacing among the fatigue striations in the LSP region was narrow, which indicated that LSP had an obvious inhibitory action to fatigue crack initiation and growth. In contrast, the region without LSP exhibited an extremely low dislocation density. And LSP improved 7050-T7451 alloy specimens’ fatigue intensity. 相似文献
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系统研究了Ti-Ni形状记忆合金丝(SMA)应力-应变曲线、特征点应力、耗能能力、等效阻尼比随材料直径、应变幅值、加载速率、加载循环次数的变化规律;针对SMA唯象Brinson本构模型无法描述SMA动态力学性能的缺点,结合前述试验结果,提出了一种可考虑加/卸载速率影响的SMA简化本构模型。应用该模型对试验用SMA丝进行模拟,所得应力-应变曲线各特征点平均误差仅为3%,结果表明:所建立的速率相关SMA简化本构模型可较为精确地描述SMA在应力诱发相变过程中的超弹性力学行为,同时可反映加/卸载速率和应变幅值等主要因素对其动力本构模型的影响;该模型结构形式简单,具有较好的工程应用前景。 相似文献
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采用金相观察、硬度测试、单轴拉伸、扫描电镜观察、能谱分析、透射电镜观察等手段,研究了铸造Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr合金在时效过程中的组织与性能演变。结果表明,经固溶处理后,合金具有较强的塑性变形能力,延伸率可达10%以上,但强度较低。随时效程度增加,合金强度升高塑性降低,经225℃/3h时效处理后,合金为欠时效状态,与基体共格的β″相是主要的强化相,断口以解理面、韧窝、撕裂棱和晶界为主要特征。经峰值时效处理后,与基体呈半共格关系的β′相是主要的强化相,合金抗拉强度超过300 MPa,但塑性急剧降低,断口以解理面、撕裂棱和晶界为主要特征,与欠时效样品相比,解理面所占比例明显增加,且解理面及晶界光滑。进入过时效状态后,合金的强度降低,但延伸率有所提升,断口以晶界和解理面为主要特征。 相似文献
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对某船用减速器断裂螺栓的断口形貌进行了SEM分析,同时结合螺栓的工况条件和受力情况,分析了其疲劳剪切断口形成的机理和过程,推断了引起螺栓断裂的原因,并提出了相应的解决措施,为整机的安全运行和优化结构设计提供了重要的参考依据。 相似文献