宽规格板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口的数值模拟

利用Fluent计算软件建立三维数学模型对马钢板坯连铸结晶器内钢液的流场和温度场进行数值模拟研究,并进行正交试验,分析了水口浸入深度(150～190 mm) 、水口侧孔倾角(-10°～-16°) 、水口侧孔与中孔的截面积比值(2,2～3.2)对拉速0.9 m/s,230 mm×1800 mm结晶器内钢液流动的影响。研究结果表明,水口浸入深度和倾角对结晶器液面波动F数和凝固坯壳厚度的影响较为显著。对于浇铸断面230 mm×1800 mm的结晶器浸入式水口的最佳工艺参数为:浸入深度170 mm、水口侧孔倾角13°、侧孔出口与中孔面积比2.7。     

475 mm特厚板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口优化数值模拟研究

特厚板坯连铸技术主要应用于特种装备制造领域,市场需求量较大。浸入式水口的结构是决定结晶器中流场流动行为的关键因素。本研究通过建立三维数值模型,研究浸入式水口侧孔倾角对475 mm特厚板坯结晶器内流场流动行为、温度场和凝固坯壳分布的影响。结果表明,水口侧孔倾角对钢液流动行为影响显著：当侧孔倾角由-20°调整至-10°时,射流冲击深度由660 mm减小至545 mm,结晶器自由液面平均温度升高4 K;此外,侧孔倾角的减小使凝固坯壳尤其是窄面坯壳厚度增加6 mm。综合考虑,当水口侧孔倾角为-10°时,结晶器性能最佳,此时的液面流动较活跃,结晶器保护渣和液面之间的传热性良好,出口处的壳体厚度均匀,足以满足生产需要,可有效避免漏钢现象发生。     

宽板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口结构优化的研究

针对宽板坯连铸生产现状,采用商业软件PHOENICS对其建立三维数值模型,模拟宽板坯连铸结晶内钢液的流场分布.研究了不同水口倾角、插入深度及拉速等参数条件对结晶器内流场的影响,得出了适用于宽规格结晶器合理的浸入式水口.这为优化宽板坯结晶器内钢液的流场及浸入式水口结构及确定合理的工艺参数提供了科学依据.     

板坯连铸浸入式水口控流的物理和数值模拟

浸入式水口结构从根本上决定了结晶器内的钢液流动形式，采用物理模拟和数值模拟方法研究了水口结构及铸坯断面尺寸对板坯结晶器流动行为的影响。通过解析速度云图、表面流速、液面波动、冲击深度及保护渣覆盖情况等特征参数，对结晶器内钢液流动行为进行多角度定量表征。结果表明，水口侧孔倾角向上对1 600 mm×220 mm断面结晶器流场液面扰动较大，其倾角向下15°时射流冲击深度较大，倾角向下8°时最为适宜。水口底部形状会影响钢液的湍动能耗散及流场对称性，对比后得出凹底水口为最佳水口形状。侧孔形状对表面流速影响较小，但对自由液面波动有显著影响，可能导致钢液裸露；当水口侧孔面积一致时，矩形侧孔水口条件下的结晶器液面裸露面积小于跑道形侧孔和方形侧孔情况。而在浇注不同断面尺寸时，仅通过改变水口结构和使用工艺难以获得合理的结晶器流场，还需要借助其他控制流动的手段来推动未来板坯多元化生产的发展。本研究可为改善板坯质量提供理论与工艺指导。     

柳钢板坯连铸结晶器流场优化

结合柳钢炼钢厂3号板坯连铸机的工艺参数,采用水力学模型物理模拟,通过测量结晶器液面波高和注流冲击深度,研究了浸入式水口侧孔形状、侧孔倾角、插入深度和拉速对结晶器流场的影响规律;采用数值模拟,分析了优化后结晶器的流场特征及钢液面的运动速度.结果表明:水口侧孔形状为椭圆形,侧孔倾角为18°,插入深度为160 mm时,在中高拉速下都能获得合理的结晶器流场.应用生产后,铸机年平均漏钢次数下降了43.1 %,铸坯表面清理率下降了44.9 %,冶金效果明显.     

宽板坯结晶器浸入式水口结构优化的数值模拟

以某钢厂宽板坯连铸结晶器为研究对象,利用商业软件PHOENICS建立一个三维有限差分模型,模拟宽板坯连铸结晶器内钢液的流动分布.通过分析水口底型、倾角、插入深度等工艺参数对钢液面波动、流股对结晶器窄面的冲击力及涡心高度的影响,得出适用于宽规格结晶器的合理的浸入式水口.通过研究,为优化宽板坯结晶器内钢液的流场及浸入式水口的设计提供了科学依据.     

中薄板坯连铸结晶器钢/渣界面行为数值模拟

利用VOF（volume of fluid）方法和Lagrangian离散模型模拟了厚度为135mm中薄板坯连铸结晶器内的钢液流动及钢／渣界面波动行为,分析了结晶器宽度、水口浸入深度、水口侧孔倾角、拉速和吹氩对结晶器内钢液流动和液面波动的影响规律．结果表明：钢液从三孔浸入式水口流入结晶器后形成上、下三个回流区;吹氩使结晶器上回流区靠近水口附近形成二次涡流;在一定拉速下,增加水口侧孔倾角和浸入深度均能有效抑制钢／渣界面波动;增加拉速和在一定拉速下增加结晶器宽度均将加剧液面波动．     

浸入式水口对超宽板坯结晶器内流场影响

针对超宽板坯连铸生产情况,进行了超宽板坯连铸结晶内钢液的流场分布模拟分析,研究了不同水口倾角、侧孔开口面积、插入深度及拉速等参数条件对结晶器内流场的影响。     

厚板坯连铸结晶器流场数值模拟

针对鞍钢新轧钢第一炼钢厂厚板坯连铸结晶器建立了三维湍流数学模型和三维实体模型.应用有限元软件对厚板坯连铸结晶器内的流场进行了模拟,计算了铸机拉速、浸入式水口出口倾角和水口浸入深度等工艺参数对结晶器内钢液流动的影响.对比表明,数值模拟结果与水模实验结果相符.     

板坯连铸结晶器液面波动行为数值模拟

以转炉厂一台板坯连铸机为研究对象,生产铸坯断面为230 mm×1 255 mm,运用ANSYS分析软件建立结晶器三维流动—传热耦合模型研究结晶器内钢渣界面波动,主要考虑了水口倾角、浸入深度和侧孔面积等工艺参数对界面波动的影响。结果表明,工况条件下液渣波动过大的原因是水口内径偏小造成结晶器内钢流速度过大;侧孔倾角的增大,液渣波动明显减弱,综合考虑倾角在20°～25°较适合;浸入深度在140～160 mm变化时,其对液渣波动影响较小;随侧孔面积的增大,液渣波动反而增大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.