基于边际贡献的需求变更技术债务量化评估

软件技术债务运用了经济学中"债务"的概念来描述软件开发中为了实现项目短期利益而实施的技术折中,但从长期目标来看,技术债务会影响软件的质量、成本和开发效率,因此,有必要对其进行系统有效的管理面向软件生命周期中因持续不断出现的需求变更而引起的技术债务,提出需求变更技术债务的定义,对需求变更的技术债务进行量化,借助经济学中"...     

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书名:Visual Studio 2005 Team System专家教程作者:[美]Jean-Lue David等译者:金宇林唐海洋周耘书号:978-7-302-16079-3 Visual Studio 2005 Team System是一种高效率的、集成的和可扩展的软件生命周期管理工具,已经成为广大中高级.NET开发人员必备的开发工     

基于VSTO的Office二次开发

VSTO（Visual Studio Tools for Office）是微软为Office二次开发提供的专业的开发环境,是专业开发中对VBA（Visual Basic For Application）技术的升级。Office二次开发为用户全面提供了Office软件应用的定制和管理,实现了不同应用领域对Office软件的特殊需求。     

Visual Studio 2005系列产品正式在中国发布 打造软件生产的流水线

12月2日,微软正式在中国推出了Visual Studio2005系列产品,该产品线中最引人注目的是Visual Studio TeamSystem版本,它标志着微软有了全套的软件工程工具,是微软在软件工程领域通过不断创新所取得的突破进展。Visual Studio Team System是一个高度特性化的开发环境,它针对软件开发流程中的项目经理、系统架构设计师、软件工程师和测试工程师等四种主要人员分别提供了不同的功能,使得整个软件的开发流程都可以在不离开Visual Studio2005集成开发环境的情况下完成。换句话说,Visual StudioTeam System使整个软件开发变成了一条巨大的软…     

VSTS Visual Studio家族新成员

继2005年推出的Visual Studio Team System 2005之后,微软今年又推出了其全新的Visual Studio Team System(VSTS),提供了全面紧密集成并支持可扩展的开发工具。Visual Studio Team System是一个贯穿整个软件开发团队和整个生命周期开发的工具,也是微软Visual Studio家族中最受关注的一个产品。无论是项目管理者,还是架构师、开发人员以及测试人员,都可以在这个系统里得到相应     

SQL Anywhere Studio与Visual Studio集成

SQL Anywhere Studio 9．0．2包含了许多与Microsoft Visual Studio．NET 2003的集成特性。用Visual Studio开发应用时,这些特性被设计来简化与SQL Anywhere Studio数据库的工作。本文描述了当前的集成特性,并有指南演示了这些集成特性如何简化使用数据库的应用开发。     

VS数据库Web项目从开发迁移到部署应注意些什么

从VS2003开始,Microsoft为开发Web应用程序的编程者提供了集成于Visual Studio开发环境的小型Web Server．经过不断升级,在最新版本的VS中,其功能更加完善。     

开发工具要支持多语言

当ZD实验室时编程工具进行评测时,我们总是时在单一集成开发环境中提供多种高级语言支持的工具给予非常积极的评价。在这方面最近出现的一个例子是Metrowerks公司的CodeWarrior Professional工具。我们注意到将开发工具限制在单一编程语言的局限性。在一些产品中就存在这个问题,例如Symantec公司的Visual Cafe或者微软公司的Visual C++6.0(这个新产品是向后退却了,原来版本的Visual Studio套装软件就提供集成的C++/Java语言支持)。     

ASP.NET Web项目的开发模式和源代码管理

随着计算机技术和Internet的发展,越来越多的企事业单位开始使用B/S结构的大型Web应用系统.在开发过程中,协调好各个开发人员的工作,保证源代码的安全性和一致型,这对项目的质量和开发的顺利进行是非常重要的.文中针对这个问题主要介绍了在Visual Studio.NET中进行团队开发Web项目的开发模式和源代码管理方案,最后还具体介绍了用Visual Studio.NET集成SourceSafe管理ASP.NET Web项目的操作步骤.通过实际的协作开发证明,在隔离式开发模式下,对Web项目的开发,采用正确的源代码管理方法对项目的质量和开发周期均有可喜的效果.     

ASP．NET Web项目的开发模式和源代码管理

随着计算机技术和Internet的发展，越来越多的企事业单位开始使用B／S结构的大型Web应用系统。在开发过程中，协调好各个开发人员的工作，保证源代码的安全性和一致型，这对项目的质量和开发的顺利进行是非常重要的。文中针对这个问题主要介绍了在Visual Studio．NET中进行团队开发Web项目的开发模式和源代码管理方案，最后还具体介绍了用Visual Studio．NET集成SourceSafe管理ASP．NET Web项目的操作步骤。通过实际的协作开发证明，在隔离式开发模式下，对Web项目的开发．采用正确的源代码管理方法对项目的质量和开发周期均有可喜的效果。     

The financial aspect of managing technical debt: A systematic literature review

ContextTechnical debt is a software engineering metaphor, referring to the eventual financial consequences of trade-offs between shrinking product time to market and poorly specifying, or implementing a software product, throughout all development phases. Based on its inter-disciplinary nature, i.e. software engineering and economics, research on managing technical debt should be balanced between software engineering and economic theories.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to analyze research efforts on technical debt, by focusing on their financial aspect. Specifically, the analysis is carried out with respect to: (a) how financial aspects are defined in the context of technical debt and (b) how they relate to the underlying software engineering concepts.MethodIn order to achieve the abovementioned goals, we employed a standard method for SLRs and applied it on studies retrieved from seven general-scope digital libraries. In total we selected 69 studies relevant to the financial aspect of technical debt.ResultsThe most common financial terms that are used in technical debt research are principal and interest, whereas the financial approaches that have been more frequently applied for managing technical debt are real options, portfolio management, cost/benefit analysis and value-based analysis. However, the application of such approaches lacks consistency, i.e., the same approach is differently applied in different studies, and in some cases lacks a clear mapping between financial and software engineering concepts.ConclusionThe results are expected to prove beneficial for the communication between technical managers and project managers, in the sense that they will provide a common vocabulary, and will help in setting up quality-related goals, during software development. To achieve this we introduce: (a) a glossary of terms and (b) a classification scheme for financial approaches used for managing technical debt. Based on these, we have been able to underline interesting implications for researchers and practitioners.     

Exploring the costs of technical debt management – a case study

Technical debt is a metaphor for delayed software maintenance tasks. Incurring technical debt may bring short-term benefits to a project, but such benefits are often achieved at the cost of extra work in future, analogous to paying interest on the debt. Currently technical debt is managed implicitly, if at all. However, on large systems, it is too easy to lose track of delayed tasks or to misunderstand their impact. Therefore, we have proposed a new approach to managing technical debt, which we believe to be helpful for software managers to make informed decisions. In this study we explored the costs of the new approach by tracking the technical debt management activities in an on-going software project. The results from the study provided insights into the impact of technical debt management on software projects. In particular, we found that there is a significant start-up cost when beginning to track and monitor technical debt, but the cost of ongoing management soon declines to very reasonable levels.     

集客专线管理系统研究

集客专线业务在各运营商中都占有很重要的地位,但网管系统尢法对其进行有效的管理,只有用户申诉才会发现故障,信息管理手段落后。本文针对现有集客专线网管系统的问题,提出了集客专线的信息化管理手段,实现集客专线的信息化管理和告警预知等。     

中小型医药公司药品购销存管理系统设计与实现

本文结合中小型医药企业购销存管理的实际需求,设计基于B/S模式的购销存管理系统架构,采用功能强大的Visual Studio 2003和SQL Server 2000作为系统开发工具,实现医药公司药品购销存管理的全过程。此系统设计包括用户管理、采购管理、销售管理、库存管理、其他费用管理、信息查询管理以及相关信息报表管理。系统界面友好,操作简便,实用且安全可靠。     

基于VSTO和Subversion实现的测试用例管理应用

Visual Studio 2010作为2005的升级版本提供了功能更加强大的VSTO程序集,使用户具备了扩展Office2010应用程序的能力。本文旨在阐述利用VSTO技术和配置管理工具来实现测试用例的离线管理方法,以及该方法在大范围线下测试管理应用环境中所起到的突破作用。     

导弹总体方案设计软件系统设计与实现

针对提高导弹研制效率,研究了支持导弹总体方案设计软件构造的建模方法和软件实现技术,开发了相应软件系统。针对多方案设计过程中任务组织和数据交互动态变化的特点,采用一种通用的建模方法,以5类模型表达基本设计活动及数据结构,可使层次式模型管理策略实现全局组织和调度。依据此建模方法和多方案设计需求,设计了面向对象的模型数据结构和知识库接口方案,解决了软件实现关键问题。在VS.net环境下发展了一套战术导弹设计软件MCDesign,初步应用表明,提出的建模方法和软件设计思想可较好地支持战术导弹的多方案选型。     

Comparing four approaches for technical debt identification

Software systems accumulate technical debt (TD) when short-term goals in software development are traded for long-term goals (e.g., quick-and-dirty implementation to reach a release date versus a well-refactored implementation that supports the long-term health of the project). Some forms of TD accumulate over time in the form of source code that is difficult to work with and exhibits a variety of anomalies. A number of source code analysis techniques and tools have been proposed to potentially identify the code-level debt accumulated in a system. What has not yet been studied is if using multiple tools to detect TD can lead to benefits, that is, if different tools will flag the same or different source code components. Further, these techniques also lack investigation into the symptoms of TD “interest” that they lead to. To address this latter question, we also investigated whether TD, as identified by the source code analysis techniques, correlates with interest payments in the form of increased defect- and change-proneness. Comparing the results of different TD identification approaches to understand their commonalities and differences and to evaluate their relationship to indicators of future TD “interest.” We selected four different TD identification techniques (code smells, automatic static analysis issues, grime buildup, and Modularity violations) and applied them to 13 versions of the Apache Hadoop open source software project. We collected and aggregated statistical measures to investigate whether the different techniques identified TD indicators in the same or different classes and whether those classes in turn exhibited high interest (in the form of a large number of defects and higher change-proneness). The outputs of the four approaches have very little overlap and are therefore pointing to different problems in the source code. Dispersed Coupling and Modularity violations were co-located in classes with higher defect-proneness. We also observed a strong relationship between Modularity violations and change-proneness. Our main contribution is an initial overview of the TD landscape, showing that different TD techniques are loosely coupled and therefore indicate problems in different locations of the source code. Moreover, our proxy interest indicators (change- and defect-proneness) correlate with only a small subset of TD indicators.     

基于Web的教学管理系统

随着信息时代的到来,课堂教学的信息化也逐渐的普遍起来,通过信息化的手段,以软件系统为基础,完成对学生课上,课下的管理已成为一个主流的方式,本文运用SQL server数据库和Visual Studio软件作为技术支撑,对学生管理信息系统进行设计和功能实现。运用SQL server数据库对后台数据进行管理,实现数据的增删改查功能。运用VisualStudio软件中Form窗体应用对前台进行编辑和页面设计,最后通过与数据库的连接来实现管理信息系统的基本功能。系统主要包含两个不同的端口模块,教师端主要实现对学生的信息管理,课堂签到管理,作业管理,成绩管理,学生端主要实现个人信息管理,作业管理,成绩查询功能。通过教师端和学生端的交互可以很好的实现教学管理的信息化。     

Forecasting technical debt evolution in software systems: an empirical study

Technical debt is considered detrimental to the long-term success of software development, but despite the numerous studies in the literature, there are still many aspects that need to be investigated for a better understanding of it. In particular, the main problems that hinder its complete understanding are the absence of a clear definition and a model for its identification, management, and forecasting. Focusing on forecasting technical debt, there is a growing notion that preventing technical debt build-up allows you to identify and address the riskiest debt items for the project before they can permanently compromise it. However, despite this high relevance, the forecast of technical debt is still little explored. To this end, this study aims to evaluate whether the quality metrics of a software system can be useful for the correct prediction of the technical debt. Therefore, the data related to the quality metrics of 8 different open-source software systems were analyzed and supplied as input to multiple machine learning algorithms to perform the prediction of the technical debt. In addition, several partitions of the initial dataset were evaluated to assess whether prediction performance could be improved by performing a data selection. The results obtained show good forecasting performance and the proposed document provides a useful approach to understanding the overall phenomenon of technical debt for practical purposes.