大型转炉炼钢过程的冶金反应

研究了宝钢「宝山钢铁（集团）公司」３００ｔ转炉炼钢过程中熔池金属成分、炉渣成分、温度的变化以及熔池脱碳、脱磷、脱硫的情况;检测了炉渣的流动温度和岩相结构,分析了渣－钢之间化学反应的平衡状况和氧射流对熔池的作用。研究结果表明：宝钢转炉炼钢工艺基本合理。     

应用COMI炼钢工艺控制转炉脱磷基础研究

 基于转炉炼钢过程脱磷的热力学分析和计算,以控制转炉冶炼过程脱磷期温度为出发点,提出一种利用CO2气体代替部分O2进行吹炼的转炉炼钢新工艺,即COMI炼钢工艺。研究发现：COMI炼钢工艺能有效控制转炉熔池温度,降低半钢和一倒钢液磷含量,同时可有效减少炉渣铁损,为转炉高效脱磷提供了一种新思路。     

炼钢造渣物料高温热焓值的试验测定

为确切了解转炉炼钢过程中各种物料的加入给炼钢熔池温度带来的影响,对影响熔池温度的造渣材料的热焓值进行了测定。结果表明,各种物料在炼钢温度下的吸热程度不同,石灰、轻烧白云石、镁球的吸热温度区间为350~500℃,每吨物料的温降分别为4.8、6.6和5.6℃;石灰石的吸热温度为726℃,每吨物料的温降为7.9℃;烧结矿、废钢、炉渣的吸热温度为1300~1400℃,每吨物料的温降为5.6、1.4和1.1℃。根据测定结果,结合铁水成分和现场实际数据,预测转炉终点钢水温度的模型,为提高转炉终点钢水温度精确控制和优化工艺参数提供依据。     

炉渣的岩相研究在转炉炼钢中的应用

 岩相检验方法可以确定炉渣的矿相组成和分布。把岩相检验与炉渣化学成分、流动温度数据结合起来,可以更全面地了解炉渣的性质。介绍了不同成分铁水炼钢的炉渣岩相检验结果和特点。炉渣岩相研究结果为改进转炉造渣工艺、降低石灰消耗和延长炉衬寿命提供了科学依据。在转炉高效吹氧、低硅铁水炼钢和溅渣护炉技术开发中都起到了重要作用。     

不同冶炼温度下转炉炉渣成分及性能的匹配研究

转炉冶炼过程中冶炼温度、炉渣成分与性能等均处于不断变化之中,研究各参数的变化及相互匹配对进一步优化冶炼工艺具有重要意义.基于2种典型成渣过程的生产数据和相关研究成果,对转炉冶炼过程中熔池温度、炉渣成分、炉渣熔点和黏度、磷容量和硫容量等的变化进行了梳理和比较,从热力学、动力学两方面对冶炼过程各参数的匹配状况进行了分析,探...     

基于共存理论的转炉脱磷热力学分析

为了定量研究温度、炉渣成分、钢液成分对转炉磷分配比和平衡磷含量的影响,基于共存理论建立转炉炼钢六元渣系的组元活度计算模型和磷分配比L_P计算模型,将磷分配比模型计算结果与转炉炼钢实测磷分配比进行对比,发现两者吻合较好。定量计算结果表明,当炉渣碱度为3.8时,钢液温度从1 640升到1 680 ℃,平衡磷质量分数从0.011 5%增加至0.019 8%。同时定量计算了炉渣碱度及氧化铁含量变化对平衡磷含量的影响,但实际炉渣控制需要考虑炉渣黏度、铁损及炉衬侵蚀。转炉吹炼终点钢中元素含量数量级较小,计算表明终点成分变化对磷活度系数的影响不大,各元素对脱磷的影响主要体现在冶炼初期和过程。     

活性石灰在炼钢初渣中的熔解研究

使用旋转圆柱法研究了石灰煅烧温度、炉渣成分和温度对活性石灰在转炉炼钢初渣中熔解速率的影响.结果表明:1000℃煅烧的活性石灰熔解速率最大;增加渣中∑FeO含量、较少的MgO含量、较低的炉渣碱度、提高炉渣温度,均有利于活性石灰的熔解.活性石灰在转炉初渣中的熔解过程包括变质解体和扩散溶解,变质解体起主要作用.     

复吹转炉冶炼高磷铁水的试验研究

利用500 kg感应炉热模拟顶底复吹转炉,对w(P)=0.28%～2.02%的铁水进行脱磷预处理和炼钢试验研究,结果表明:脱磷预处理期的脱磷率为67%～86%,至炼钢脱碳试验结束时的脱磷率为86%～97%.影响脱磷率的因素主要是炉渣碱度、供氧速度和熔池温度.     

现代转炉炼钢技术（续完）

2 .4　顶底复合吹炼技术2 .4.1　复吹技术开发的历史背景众所周知 ,ＬＤ炼钢法即氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法是世界炼钢技术的一项革命。自 1 952年ＬＤ法问世以来 ,短短 2 0年 ,氧气顶吹转炉炼钢的钢产量已接近世界钢产量的 50 % ,ＬＤ炼钢法如此迅速地推广应用 ,主要得益于其诸多优点。然而 ,1 968年ＯＢＭ炼钢法即氧气底吹转炉炼钢法的诞生 ,使处于垄断地位的氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法受到了挑战和冲击。这是因为氧气底吹转炉炼钢法显示出许多优于顶吹法之处 ,可归纳为 :( 1 )熔池搅拌力强 ,相当或大于顶吹法的 1 0倍 ,因此 ,熔池的成分、温度均匀、操…     

顶底侧吹转炉炼钢新技术开发研究

在顶底复吹转炉熔池侧壁上安装侧吹枪,形成顶底侧吹转炉。通过实验室物理模拟研究了顶底侧吹条件下转炉熔池的混匀行为;在工业试验中,对比了顶底侧吹转炉和顶底复吹转炉炼钢的冶金效果。实验室研究结果表明,顶底侧吹技术可以显著提高转炉熔池的搅拌能力,大幅度降低转炉熔池的混匀时间,存在一个临界侧吹气量,当侧吹气量大于该临界值后,熔池混匀时间变化不大。工业试验结果表明,转炉采用顶底侧吹技术,可以降低钢铁料消耗,吨钢石灰消耗可降低将近3kg,提高了转炉的脱磷能力,降低炉渣和钢水的氧化性,平均出钢碳氧积为0.0025×10-4,钢水氧化性的降低提高了合金收得率。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.