基于双锥形光子晶体光纤的折射率传感器

设计了一种基于光子晶体光纤的双锥形马赫-曾德尔干涉仪,并对其折射率传感特性进行了研究。在FDTD Solutions光学仿真平台中建立了干涉仪结构模型,研究了该结构的透射光谱对环境折射率的响应。仿真结果表明,透射光谱随环境折射率的增加发生红移,灵敏度为95.906nm/RIU。利用熔接与拉锥工艺制备了干涉仪样品,搭建了实验系统,在不同浓度甘油溶液中对其透射谱进行了检测,实验结果表明,折射率在1.3222~1.3538范围内,透射谱偏移灵敏度为121.95nm/RIU。该传感器具有体积小、重量轻、易于制备、灵敏度高等优点,适用于生化和物理传感领域。     

基于光纤内双开口F-P干涉腔的折射率传感器

为了实现高灵敏度液体折射率传感器的高效制备,采用飞秒激光直写技术,在光纤末端刻蚀出矩形凹槽,辅以光纤熔接方法,制备出一种基于光纤内双开口法布里-珀罗(F-P)干涉腔的折射率传感器。该传感器的液体折射率传感灵敏度达到1107.76nm/RIU。讨论了温度对该传感器性能的影响,温度串扰小于0.0025nm/℃;基于海水含盐浓度与折射率的线性关系,探讨了该传感器在海水含盐浓度传感测量方面的应用,灵敏度为0.171nm/(mgmL-1)。结果表明,基于光纤内双开口F-P干涉腔的折射率传感器具有干涉谱对比度高、线性响应良好、灵敏度高、不易受温度串扰、结构紧凑、制备简单高效等优点,在生物、医疗、化学、环境等领域中有着广泛的应用前景。     

Optical Refractive-Index Sensor Based on Dual Fiber-Bragg Gratings Interposed With a Multimode-Fiber Taper

A new type of optical refractive-index (RI) sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated by using a structure of two single-mode fiber (SMF) Bragg gratings with a multimode fiber (MMF) taper in-between. The loss induced by a mismatch of waveguide structure between SMFs and MMFs is amplified by a tapering process, and is utilized for RI sensing through evanescent field. Experimental results show that the sensor possesses a tailorable sensitivity to the change of external RI and has a good linear response in the simultaneous measurement of external RI and temperature     

Temperature and refractive index sensing characteristics of an MZI-based multimode fiber–dispersion compensation fiber–multimode fiber structure

We proposed an optical fiber sensor with simple multimode fiber (MMF)–dispersion compensation fiber (DCF)–multimode fiber structure based on Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) and researched its temperature and refractive index (RI) sensing characteristics. The sensing principle is based on the interference between core and cladding modes of DCF due to the large core diameter mismatch. Spectral analyses demonstrate that the transmission spectrum is mainly formed by the interference between the dominant excited cladding mode and core modes. The experimental results show that the proposed sensor has high temperature sensitivity of 0.118 nm/°C in the range of 20–250 °C and RI sensitivity of 66.32 nm/RIU within the linear sensing range of 1.33–1.39 RIU. Therefore, the characteristics of compact size, low cost, easy fabrication, high sensitivities, and good anti-interference ability make this sensor have extensive application prospects.     

Refractive index sensors based on the fused tapered special multi-mode fiber

In this paper, a novel refractive index (RI) sensor is proposed based on the fused tapered special multi-mode fiber (SMMF). Firstly, a section of SMMF is spliced between two single-mode fibers (SMFs). Then, the SMMF is processed by a fused tapering machine, and a tapered fiber structure is fabricated. Finally, a fused tapered SMMF sensor is obtained for measuring external RI. The RI sensing mechanism of tapered SMMF sensor is analyzed in detail. For different fused tapering lengths, the experimental results show that the RI sensitivity can be up to 444.517 81 nm/RIU in the RI range of 1.334 9—1.347 0. The RI sensitivity is increased with the increase of fused tapering length. Moreover, it has many advantages, including high sensitivity, compact structure, fast response and wide application range. So it can be used to measure the solution concentration in the fields of biochemistry, health care and food processing.     

Intermodal interference based refractive index sensor employing elliptical core photonic crystal fiber

A refractive index (RI) sensor based on elliptical core photonic crystal fiber (EC-PCF) has been proposed. The asymmetric elliptical core introduces the polarization-dependent characteristics of the fiber core modes. The performances of intermodal interference between the intrinsic polarization fiber core modes are investigated by contrast in two interferometers based on the Mach-Zehnder (M-Z) and Sagnac interference model. In addition, the RI sensing characteristics of the two interferometers are studied by successively filling the three layers air holes closest to the elliptical core in the cladding. The results show that the M-Z interference between LP01 and LP11 mode in the same polarized direction is featured with the incremental RI sensing sensitivity as the decreasing interference length, and the infilled scope around the elliptical core has a weak correlation with the RI sensing sensitivity. Due to the high birefringence of LP11 mode, the Sagnac interferometer has better RI sensing performance, the maximum RI sensing sensitivity of 12 000 nm/RIU is achieved under the innermost one layer air holes infilled with RI matching liquid of RI=1.39 at the pre-setting EC-PCF length of 12 cm, which is two orders of magnitude higher than the M-Z interferometer with the same fiber length. The series of theoretical optimized analysis would provide guidance for the applications in the field of biochemical sensing.     

应用在油气管线的光纤光栅温度压力传感系统

为了提高光纤光栅的温度和压力灵敏度系数以满足实用化对灵敏度精度的要求,对光纤光栅进行封装设计。得到封装后的光纤光栅温度和压力灵敏度系数分别为0.052nm/℃和0.8208nm/MPa,分别为裸光栅的5倍和273倍,且传感器的温度和压力响应与光栅反射波长成良好的线性关系。通过半个月的油气管线现场实验,测得光纤光栅温度压力传感器与油气管线的电类传感器的测量值符合得特别好,该温度和压力传感系统满足了温度和压力的实时测量。     

用于测量折射率的光纤迈克尔逊干涉型传感器

提出了一种基于单模光纤-四芯光纤-薄芯光纤(SMF-FCF-TCF)迈克尔逊干涉结构的折射率传感器。采用直接熔接的方式将各光纤进行熔接,由于各光纤之间纤芯的直径不匹配,因此在光纤的熔接处会发生光的激发和耦合。薄芯光纤端面涂覆有一层银面反射膜并用紫外固化胶进行保护来增强光在端面的反射率。四芯光纤作为传感结构中的耦合器,激发了更多的光进入薄芯光纤的包层中,提升了传感器的灵敏度。对传感器的折射率和温度传感特性分别进行了实验探究,实验结果表明,在折射率1.3333~1.3794范围内的灵敏度为137.317 nm/RIU,线性度为0.999,并且温度对传感器的影响较小。该传感结构熔接方式简单,在折射率测量领域具有一定的应用前景。     

Research on Michelson interference refractive index sensing technique based on double-core microfiber

We propose a novel refractive index sensor based on Michelson interferometer by using double-core microfiber. Through the reflection of the end and taper of double-core fiber (DCF), the Michelson interference spectrum is formed. Owing to the structure characteristic of double-core microfiber, this interferometer can achieve the measurement of refractive index (RI) and temperature. The experimental results show that the refractive index sensitivity of the interferometer is 2 377.80 nm/RIU at the diameter of the taper waist of 8.76 µm. In the temperature ranges from 30 °C to 60 °C, the temperature sensitivity is 0.070 48 nm/°C. This sensor has the advantage of high refractive index sensitivity.     

高温高压油气井下光纤光栅传感器的应用研究

设计并研制了耐高温、高压、防腐蚀、抗氧化和具有温度补偿功能的双光纤光栅(FBG)传感器.采用高温恒弹合金作为FBG的基底材料和耐高温、高强度的粘接胶,将压力传感FBG和温度传感FBG与基底材料封装为一体,组成温度和压力双FBG传感器.实验室标定表明,压力检测范围为0~20MPa,温度检测范围为0~315℃;压力响应灵敏...     

UV light activated gas sensor for NO2 detection

In the present study, UV light activated gas sensor was investigated for Al/Al₂O₃/p-Si and Al/TiO₂/Al₂O₃/p-Si samplesby atomic layer deposition method (ALD). Generally, in order to obtain the sensing performance, traditional metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors are operated at 100–400 °C. However, this temperature range limits their applications to flammable gases, and causes high power consumption. It is important to note that sensing performance experiments should have been performed at room temperature. With the support of UV light, gas sensors do not need to be heated and they can work at room temperature easily. For this purpose, electrical measurements have been performed on sensing performance with and without UV irradiation for dedection of NO₂ gas. With the help of UV irradition, we obtained good sensitivity at the room temperature for Al/TiO₂/Al₂O₃/p-Sistructure but under the same conditions no result was obtained for Al/Al₂O₃/p-Si structure. Without UV irradiation, there was no sensitivity for both.We observed that increasing of sensitivities at the room temperature show a direct effect of the light on the adsorbed oxygen ions. According to the relation of photocatalytic reaction and photoactivated gas sensing process, we concluded that TiO₂ might be an acceptable sensor for detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) at room temperature under UV illumination.     

800 nm FBG sensing interrogation system based on tilted FBG

An 800 nm band fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation system using tilted FBG as the core wavelength division component is presented. A charge coupled device (CCD) linear array is put on the focal plane of the lens to detect the light. TFBG is used to tap light out of the fiber core to fiber cladding. The sensing wavelength is 795 to 830 nm,with accuracy of 20 pm and scan speed 100 Hz. Using FBG sensor,we achieve the temperature sensitivity of 1.8 ℃ and strain sensitivity of 18 με.     

修饰不同金纳米颗粒的极大角倾斜光纤光栅折射率传感特性研究

研究了分别使用大尺寸金纳米壳与星型金纳米颗粒修饰极大角倾斜光纤光栅(ExTFG)的局域表面等离子体共振(LSPR)传感器,实验对比了这两种ExTFG-LSPR传感器的折射率传感特性。实验结果表明:修饰星型金纳米颗粒的ExTFG传感器,其TM、TE模的基于波长变化的折射率灵敏度分别提升约15.52和12.8nm/RIU,但共振吸收效应不明显;而修饰大尺寸金纳米壳的ExTFG传感器,在大尺寸金纳米壳的LSPR作用下,其TM、TE模的基于波长变化的折射率灵敏度分别提升约31.1和26.99nm/RIU,同时,TM与TE模在C-L波段表现出强烈的共振吸收,基于归一化强度变化的折射率灵敏度分别约为185.18%/RIU和251.83%/RIU。     

萨格纳克干涉仪级联的高灵敏度温度传感器

设计了一种由两个萨格纳克干涉仪（SI）级联组成的光纤温度传感器,并用实验证明了传感器在游标效应下的温度灵敏度放大特性。该传感器由两段不同长度的熊猫保偏光纤构成两个SI,然后两个SI旋转一个角度级联在一起组成一个温度传感装置,其中SI₁用着温度传感,SI₂用着参考。由于两个SI具有相近的自由光谱范围,级联时它们干涉谱叠加形成一个自由光谱范围很大的低频包络线。利用包络线漂移来考察温度变化,能够获得放大的灵敏度。实验结果显示级联后传感器的温度灵敏度为11.03 nm/℃,而单个SI₁单独测量温度的灵敏度为-1.01 nm/℃。因此利用游标效应后,灵敏度增加了10.9倍,而且实验测量结果与理论计算结果基本吻合。     

一种基于高衰减光纤的光纤光栅热线式流量计

为了发展全光学流量测量技术,提出了一种基于掺钴高衰减光纤的光纤光栅热线式流量计。通过解调光纤布拉格光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating, FBG)中心波长进行流量测量,具体包括传感器制作、温度传感特性测定和流量测量实验。结果表明,基于衰减系数为8.9 dB/cm、工作波长约为1480 nm的掺钴光纤的FBG具有10.3 pm/℃的温度灵敏度;流量计在400～3700 L/h液体流量范围内可高重复性地实现测量;流量--FBG中心波长遵循特定非线性函数计算模型;流量计的平均灵敏度约为0.15 pm/(L·h^-1),低流速下灵敏度最高可达到1 pm/(L·h^-1)。所提出的流量计丰富了光纤光栅用于液体流量测量的研究。设计中采用了掺钴高衰减光纤自发热和单端毛细管封装,为流量传感器的全光学化、微型化和高灵敏度发展提供了新思路。     

基于氧化锡铟纳米薄膜的圆形晶格光子晶体光纤折射率传感器

为了实现近红外波段的高灵敏度传感,设计并研究了一种基于表面等离子体共振的光子晶体光纤(Surface Plasmon Resonance Photonic Crystal Fiber,SPR-PCF)折射率传感器.该光纤横截面的空气孔排列方式是圆形晶格,呈现出向 日葵形状.光纤包层的外壁淀积了氧化锡铟(Indium T...     

A surface plasmon resonance sensor based on a multi-core photonic crystal fiber

A surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensor based on a multi-core photonic crystal fiber(PCF) is presented in this paper.There is only one analyte channel positioned in the center of the PCF cross section,rather than several closely arranged analyte channels around the central core.So the design of this sensor not only reduces the consumption of gold and samples,but also effectively avoids the interference between neighboring analyte channels.Optical field distributions of this fiber at different wavelengths and the sensing properties of this sensor are theoretically analyzed and discussed using finite element method(FEM).Simulation results confirm that both the thickness of metallic layer and the fiber structural parameters have significant effect on sensing performance.The amplitude sensitivity of the sensor is found to be 1.74×10-5RIU,and the spectral sensitivity is 3300 nm/RIU,corresponding to a resolution of 3.03×10-5 RIU.Finally,in order to achieve PCF-SPR sensing characteristics,an experiment design scheme based on spectroscopic detection method is proposed.     

80nm FBG sensing interrogation system based on tilted FBG

An 800 nm band fiber Bragg grating sensing interrogation system using tilted FBG as the core wavelength division component is presented. A charge coupled device （CCD） linear array is put on the focal plane of the lens to detect the light. TFBG is used to tap light out of the fiber core to fiber cladding. The sensing wavelength is 795 to 830 nm, with accuracy of 20 pm and scan speed 100Hz. Using FBG sensor, we achieve the temperature sensitivity of 1.8 ℃ and strain sensitivity of 18 με.     

基于光纤激光器的有源腔气体吸收测量网络

有源内腔法气体吸收测量技术具有极高的灵敏度,通过对基于掺铒光纤激光器的有源气体测量系统的分析和静态测量结果表明,在激光器阈值附近系统的灵敏度最大。为了有效地抑制噪声,提高测量精度,在环行腔光纤激光器的基础上又提出了采用波长调制/二次谐波检测的测量方法,并采用1×N的波分复用(WDM)器件构建了有源传感网络。实验中采用了一个1×4的波分复用器,其通道对应于乙炔气体的吸收波长,系统的解调通过扫描可调谐光滤波器的波长来实现。通过对8.31mol/m3的乙炔气体的实验表明系统最小可探测气体浓度为0.044mol/m3。     

Transparent and flexible organic field-effect transistor for multi-modal sensing

Multi-functional devices having responsiveness to multiple physical stimuli, mechanical flexibility and optical transparency are of great interest in applications for human-machine interfaces. Here we demonstrate transparent and flexible organic field effect transistor (tf-OFET) devices with multi-modal sensing capability of detecting infrared (IR) light, pressure, and strain simultaneously. The multi-modal sensing layer with piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity was directly integrated into OFETs as the gate dielectric so that a new type of multi-modal sensing device with simple structure having possibility of increasing the sensor cell density can be easily fabricated. For decoupling of pyro- and piezoelectric responses in a single device under simultaneous stimulations of IR exposure and strain, an approach of determining two input stimuli by separating the polarization changes inside the gate dielectric (V_o) and the modulation in the product of effective field-effect channel mobility and gate capacitance (μC). The high sensitivity of the devices to IR from human body may also enable the devices to be applied for the realization of artificial intelligence that contacts directly with human body such as artificial e-skin, biomedical monitoring, and tactile sensing.