银山低品位复杂硫化铜矿生物浸出条件优化研究

采用摇瓶摇床浸出预实验与正交实验, 对江西银山低品位复杂硫化铜矿进行了浸出条件试验, 对浸出菌种、温度、pH值、转速和矿浆浓度等条件进行了优化。实验结果表明, 当浸出温度45 ℃, 浸出菌为嗜热氧化硫硫杆菌与嗜酸喜温硫杆菌的组合, 浸出体系pH值为1.7, 转速190 r/min, 矿浆浓度为10%时, 铜离子的浸出率达到72.3%。该研究为江西银山低品位复杂硫化铜矿的微生物冶金技术工业化提供了理论依据。     

低品位硫化铜矿微生物浸出研究

对低品位硫化铜矿进行试验研究,认为该矿具有一定的细菌浸出性。-20mm粒级矿样柱浸半年时间,铜的浸出率达35.98%,为进行扩大试验及堆浸试验提供了可行的依据。     

低品位硫化铜矿的湿法浸出工艺研究

含Ｃｕ６．６５％的硫化铜矿在ＦｅＣｌ３和ＨＣｌ、ＮａＣｌ体系中浸出，可使铜的浸出率大于９６％。本文研究了这一体系的浸出动力学，结果表明，浸出过程符合抛物线型动力学模型，测得其表观活化能为５１．０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

嗜热嗜酸菌对低品位原生硫化铜矿的柱浸试验

利用严格无机化能自养型嗜热嗜酸菌(KY-2菌株)对低品位原生硫化铜矿进行柱浸试验研究。中温硫杆菌和嗜热嗜酸菌结合使用，在中温硫杆菌柱浸近两个月后，再改为嗜热嗜酸菌浸出，效果明显，浸出率曲线一直呈明显上升趋势．196d的总浸出率远远高于单用任何一种细菌的总浸出率。回收的萃余液进入柱浸循环，会提高柱浸体系的浸出效果，萃余液中的残留萃取剂对嗜热嗜酸菌氧化浸出作用的负面影响不大。     

永平低品位原生硫化铜矿石细菌浸出条件研究

为回收利用永平铜矿废矿石中的低品位原生硫化铜矿资源，通过摇瓶实验，研究了接种量、初始Fe^2＋浓度、矿浆酸度、矿石粒度和矿浆浓度等条件对永平低品位原生硫化铜矿石细菌浸出的影响。研究结果表明：有利于铜浸出的条件是接种量20％，初始Fe^2＋浓度0g／L，初始pH值1．2，浸出过程控制pH值小于1．50，矿石粒度5mm，矿浆浓度20％～25％；溶液中三价铁含量过高或产生铁的沉淀都会直接影响细菌的浸矿效果；尽管浸矿细菌能很好地适应浸矿环境，但铜的浸出速度偏慢、浸出率偏低，有待于采取强化浸出措施。     

难采低品位硫化铜矿原地破碎微生物浸出研究

世界铜资源分布很不平衡,我国铜的自供率不足50%,我国铜矿山的现有条件无法满足对铜的需求量,而许多铜矿都有大量的表外矿、残矿、废石、尾矿以及难采矿石资源.进行低品位硫化铜矿原地破碎微生物浸出的工业化生产,投资少,见效快、成本低、安全及环保生态好,是综合回收矿产资源,满足市场需求,增强矿山活力的有效途径.文章以东同矿业公司难采低品位硫化铜矿室内细菌浸出试验为依据,详细论述了原地破碎微生物浸出工程技术方案、投资估算和经济效益,研究表明项目的实施既能为矿山带来显著的经济效益,同时将极大地提高矿产资源开发利用水平.     

铜矿峪低品位矿石地下生物溶浸可行性研究

本文详细阐述了利用生物浸出技术回收铜矿峪矿崩落区、毛石台及5^#E矿体上部存留的大量低品位氧化矿及表外矿的可行性。     

铜矿峪低品位铜矿细菌浸铜研究

用氧化亚铁硫杆菌对铜矿峪矿低品位铜矿石进行生物氧化浸矿试验,从而在酸浸基础上进一步提高铜浸出率。结 果表明,添加细菌浸矿时,铜浸出率可提高10％以上。对地下溶浸工艺而言,先用细菌将Fe2 化为Fe3 ,再将溶液注入矿体,浸 出硫化矿中的铜是行之有效的方法。     

催化条件下低品位原生硫化铜矿的搅拌细菌浸出

以活性炭、Ag⁺及Fe²⁺为组合催化剂,研究了催化条件下永平铜矿低品位原生硫化铜矿的搅拌细菌浸出效果。试验结果表明：催化条件下永平低品位原生硫化铜矿的搅拌细菌浸出效果良好,但搅拌速度对浸出有较大的影响。搅拌速度为240 r/min时,浸出456 h后铜的浸出率可达83%。酸化液可以代替9K+S培养基作为溶浸剂。用酸化液作溶浸剂时,浸出335 h后铜的浸出率可达81.58％,比用9K+S培养基作溶浸剂时高出6个多百分点。     

催化条件下低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌槽浸研究

以活性炭、Ag⁺及Fe²⁺组合为催化剂,研究了催化条件下永平铜矿低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌槽浸的效果。研究结果表明,催化条件下低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌槽浸的效果良好,但充气量对浸出有较大的影响,其中25 mL/s的充气量最有利于铜的浸出,在浸出455 h后,铜的浸出率可达47.1%。酸化液可以代替9K＋S培养液作为溶浸剂,用酸化液作溶浸剂时,在浸出335 h后,铜的浸出率可达41.8%,比9K＋S培养液作溶浸剂高出1.7个百分点以上。     

Effect of water quality on the leaching of a low-grade copper sulfide ore

Copper extractions from a low-grade, ground copper sulfide ore (0.7% Cu) leached in three media were freshwater < seawater > double-strength seawater and pH 1.5 ⩾ pH 2; 84% extraction was achieved in pH 1.5 seawater in 28 days at 23 °C. Cu-oxide and carbonate dissolved completely and chalcocite was altered to secondary covellite, some of which persisted in all media for the duration of the 28-day experiment. Chalcopyrite and bornite were both oxidised more readily in saline water. Iron, sodium, potassium and sulfur (sulphate) concentrations in leach solutions diminished and the amounts of insoluble iron(III) reaction products increased with increased salinity and increased solution pH. While, overall, silicate dissolution was small, the amounts of poorly crystalline phases (both iron(III) and silica-rich phases) increased with increased salinity and were greater in pH 1.5 media. In the context of heap leaching, the increased amounts of secondary precipitates formed if saline water was used could result in lower extraction efficiency and the increased total dissolved solids, density and viscosity could result in increased energy costs for solution management at operations.The software package Geochemist’s Workbench was evaluated by modelling the synthetic seawater – pH 2 test. It was possible to predict the evolution of the solution composition, the main species and phase boundaries at the start and end of leaching, and the formation of three reaction products in accord with experimental data by applying the React sliding function.The tests were conducted using a pulverised ore sample to increase dissolution reaction kinetics, particularly for chalcopyrite. Future tests should be conducted using ore particle sizes appropriate to heap leaching. The copper distribution within particles indicated that the test ore may not be suited to heap leaching because the surface exposure of copper sulfide grains is limited. Therefore reactor designs better suited to smaller sized particles with/without pre-treatment should be considered.     

低品位含铜废石生物浸出试验研究

内蒙古某低品位含铜废石平均含铜0.16%,其中原生硫化铜占79.38%,次生硫化铜占14.17%。采用生物柱浸-萃取-电积工艺进行铜回收试验研究。对浸出生物种群、矿石粒度、柱浸温度等条件进行试验研究,试验结果表明:在矿石粒度50 mm以下保持柱浸体系温度为40℃下,采用ZJ微生物菌种进行滴淋浸出185 d,浸出率可以达到27.34%。采用生物柱浸-萃取-电积工艺的综合回收率大于27.20%。浸出液经萃取-电积获得的阴极铜符合国家标准。     

细菌柱浸铀矿工艺过程中钍浸出特征 试验研究

以721铀矿云际矿石为研究对象,通过室内铀矿石柱浸试验,研究铀矿石在细菌池浸过程中钍浸出特征。试验结果表明,柱浸过程中,水文地球化学条件(pH和Eh)对钍浸出影响不大,随着时间变化,pH值在1.73¹.36发生变化,Eh值在1691.36发生变化,Eh值在169⁵92mV变化,但钍浸出量基本稳定在2.2592mV变化,但钍浸出量基本稳定在2.2².5mg/L。同时试验结果发现,原矿铀浸出率为80.03%,钍浸出率仅约为14.1%,主要原因是U、Th的化学性质不同,Th均以+4价稳定存在于矿石中,一般不易被溶解而迁移转化。U具有多种价态,在氧化条件下显示+6价,而这种价态的U性质活泼,易于在环境中迁移转化。     

低品位氧化铜钴矿的直接还原浸出

采用硫酸为浸出剂、SO_2为还原剂对某低品位氧化铜钴矿进行直接还原浸出试验研究。结果表明,在磨矿粒度-74μm占比80%～85%、液固比2、浸出温度80℃、硫酸用量100kg/t矿、浸出时间4h、通SO_2气体、控制浸出终点电位345mV左右的条件下,Cu、Ni和Co浸出率分别为38%、51%和81%。在此基础上采用两段逆流浸出,综合利用了浸出液中的硫酸和还原剂,节省了后续溶液处理中碱的消耗量。     

某低品位难选硫化铜矿的浮选回收

云南东川某铜矿,含Cu仅0.65%,其中次生硫化铜占有率达85.6%,铜氧化率9.6%;矿石中黄铁矿含量较高,铜硫分离难度较大,并含有较多的易泥化脉石矿物,属低品位难选硫化铜矿。针对该矿石的性质特点,对其进行了浮选回收研究,结果表明:以CaO作pH调整剂和铜硫分离时的抑制剂、Na₂SiO₃作分散剂和抑制剂,磨矿细度选择80%-74um较为合适,Na₂S一物多用,用量600g/t时可达到较好的沉淀、分散与活化效果,捕收剂优选为PAC,其最佳用量为120g/t。在最佳条件下,采用“一粗-二精-二扫”的闭路流程,获得了较好的技术指标,最终精矿Cu品位和回收率分别达20.12%和90.39%。      

某含炭低品位铜矿石浮选试验

针对某矿山硫化铜矿含炭高、有用矿物嵌布粒度细、铜及伴生银矿物回收率低,精矿质量差等问题,本试验采用硫化钠做活化剂,铁铬盐木质素作为炭质矿物的抑制剂,丁基黄药与FZ-9538做组合捕收剂进行铜(银)硫混浮-铜硫分离,且经过闭路试验获得了铜精矿中铜品位22.23%、回收率81.05%,银品位2010.85 g/t、回收率69.80%,硫精矿硫品位36.28%、回收率42.02%的良好的选矿指标。     

云南省羊拉低品位氧化铜矿先浮后浸联合工艺研究

针对云南省羊拉低品位氧化铜矿石,在对浮选及酸浸系统主要工艺技术条件优化的基础上,采用先浮后浸联合工艺,获得的浮选铜精矿产率1.76%、Cu15.24%、铜回收率30.14%;铜浸出率50.84%;两者合计铜总回收率为80.98%的较好指标。此项成果解决了羊拉铜矿堆浸回收率低、资源综合利用率低的问题,为其开发利用提供了一条有效途径。     

Recovery of copper,nickel and cobalt from acidic pressure leaching solutions of low-grade sulfide flotation concentrates

Recovery of copper, nickel and cobalt from the acidic pressure leaching solutions of Jinbaoshan (YN Province, PRC) low-grade sulfide flotation concentrates was investigated. The proposed technique includes four major steps: (1) the acidity adjustment of the acidic pressure leaching solutions; (2) solvent extraction (SX) separation of copper by organic reagent XD5640, and then stripped from the loaded organic phase by H₂SO₄ solution for copper recovery; then (3) iron in raffinates after copper extracting is selectively removed by high-temperature hydrolysis precipitation in an autoclave; and lastly (4) nickel and cobalt are selectively precipitated by Na₂S from the final solutions after removing iron. The experimental results for treating 1 L acidic leaching solutions per batch by this new technique were reported, and some evaluation and further comparisons with previous investigations were also carried out. It was reported that the total percent recovery of Cu could reach 95% or more, and that of Ni and Co were all more than 99%. In the processing, the percent removal of impurities, such as Fe, Mg and Ca, were all also near to 99%.     

某铀矿床矿石高柱浸出性能研究

本文总结了,某铀矿床原地爆破浸出采铀矿石高柱浸出条件试验结果.对高柱内矿石不同粒度和不同高度浸出效果进行了研究,结果表明:该矿床矿石浸出性能较好,酸耗低,浸出周期短;铀金属质量浓度梯度变化规律明显;浸出一段时间后加少量氧化剂,可显著提高浸出液铀质量浓度,加快矿石的浸出速率.试验结果为该矿床地表堆浸和原地爆破浸出上业性试验和研究有关技术参数的确定,提供了参考和依据.     

石煤型低品位钒矿提钒试验研究

该矿样中含V₂O₅ 0.506%,全碳36.56%,属于低品位钒石煤矿,其发热量13.27 MJ/kg,可利用其燃烧热能进行焙烧。对焙烧温度、焙烧时间、矿物粒度、浸出时间、浸出温度、浸出酸度、助浸剂选择等进行详细试验研究,最终确定采用空白焙烧—烧渣添加助浸剂—酸浸工艺流程,V₂O₅的浸出率70.41%。