石煤型低品位钒矿提钒试验研究

该矿样中含V₂O₅ 0.506%,全碳36.56%,属于低品位钒石煤矿,其发热量13.27 MJ/kg,可利用其燃烧热能进行焙烧。对焙烧温度、焙烧时间、矿物粒度、浸出时间、浸出温度、浸出酸度、助浸剂选择等进行详细试验研究,最终确定采用空白焙烧—烧渣添加助浸剂—酸浸工艺流程,V₂O₅的浸出率70.41%。     

锌粉还原五氧化二钒制备三氧化二钒粉体

以V_2O_5为钒源,Zn粉为还原剂,采用化学法制备V(OH)_3前驱体,通过热分解前驱体制备V_2O_3粉体。探讨了pH值、前驱体沉淀时间和温度、还原时间和温度对V_2O_3粉体纯度和产率的影响。通过TG-DTA、化学滴定、XRD、SEM分析了V(OH)_3前驱体分解温度、V_2O_3产品的纯度、物相和形貌。结果表明:在约463℃前驱体V(OH)_3开始分解,在pH值为5.2、前驱体沉淀时间为60min、前驱体沉淀温度为40℃、还原时间10 min、还原温度20℃的条件下,V_2O_3粉体的纯度可以达到98.8%,产率为88.5%,所制备的产物是一种以棒状为主,结晶性好、纯度高的黑色晶体粉末。     

钙化焙烧钒渣过程中钒尖晶石的矿物学特征

通过偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪和电子探针的分析手段,对攀钢钒工业生产钒渣中钒尖晶石的结构与构造、化学组成及变化规律等进行详细的矿物学特征研究。结果表明,焙烧过程中氧化的钒尖晶石结构逐渐变的疏松多孔,构造上由单一的钒尖晶石向铁板钛矿固溶体、氧化铁固溶体和钒酸锰固溶体转变;钒尖晶石的化学成分主要有镁、铝、钛、钒、锰、铁等元素组成。随着氧化程度的深入,Fe O的含量在逐渐增加,V2O3的含量在逐渐减少,其他元素含量的变化不大。     

从某低品位炭质钒矿石中酸浸-萃取-氨沉淀提钒实验研究

某炭质钒矿石的V_2O_5品位为1.40%,研究了采用矿石预处理-硫酸浸出-P204+TBP+煤油萃取-氨水沉钒工艺从中提取五氧化二钒。实验结果表明:在矿石粒度-0.074 mm 12.79%,硫酸用量35%,浸出温度90℃条件下,钒浸出率达76%;对于含钒浸出液,用P204+TBP+煤油溶剂萃取和稀硫酸反萃取,氯酸钠氧化-氨水沉钒,沉淀物经烘干煅烧,最终得到纯度为97.14%的V_2O_5产品。     

选矿富集阿克苏石煤钒矿中的钒

新疆阿克苏低品位石煤钒矿的第一种类型矿具有钒粒级分布极不均匀特性,可采用湿式筛选方法实现+0.85 mm粗粒级抛尾,并得到比原矿富集数倍的-0.037 mm细粒级精矿.第二种类型矿不存在钒粒级分布不均匀特性,但该种类型矿具有钒物相分布不均匀特性,钒主要赋存矿物是含钒高岭石和含钒氧化铁矿物.第一种类型矿的中间级别也具有钒物相分布不均匀特性,钒也是主要赋存在含钒高岭石和含钒氧化铁矿物中.可采用浮选方法富集两种矿中赋存在高岭石和氧化铁矿物中的钒.采用湿式筛选+浮选的联合工艺处理V2O5品位约0.7%的由两种类型矿按一定比例配成的石煤钒矿样,获得精矿品位大于3.2%,钒总回收率大于74.5%的实验指标.     

陕西安康地区紫阳钒矿地质特征及钒赋存状态研究

研究区位于南秦岭北大巴山构造带次级构造—焕古滩—流水店复式向形北翼,出露上震旦统—志留系浅海—深海相火山碎屑沉积岩、陆源碎屑沉积岩、生物化学沉积岩建造,其中寒武—奥陶系洞河群为钒矿赋矿层位。含矿岩性为含炭石英绢云母片岩,矿体受层位和F_1断裂控制。通过钒赋存状态分析研究,主要载钒矿物为绢云母、蛭石。钒矿以云母类中的钒为主,占75.60%;其次氧化铁及黏土矿物中的钒占21.76%;难溶硅酸盐中的钒很少,占2.64%。研究区钒以低价钒为主,占60.97%,其中三价钒占20.44%,四价钒占40.53%。紫阳钒矿是近年来在陕西南部新发现的中型钒矿床。对南秦岭安康—商洛地区寒武系黑色岩系钒矿勘查与开发具有指导意义。     

钒钛磁铁矿铁、钒、钛一步分离试验

提出了钒钛磁铁矿钠化还原实现铁、钒、钛一歩分离的新技术;研究表明:碳酸钠对钒钛磁铁矿铁、钒、钛一歩分离效果较好,在有足量碳酸钠存在时,三氧化二钒即使在还原性气氛下也能转变为可溶性的钒酸钠,增加碳酸钠用量,钒钛磁铁矿的金属化率及钒转化率均随之升高;提高反应温度,金属化率升高,钒转化率略有降低;在煤粉添加量15%、碳酸钠添加量24%、还原温度1100℃时,钠化还原-浸出-磁选工艺可实现铁、钒、钛的有效分离,得到铁粉、浸钒液和钛渣三种产物,铁、钒、钛的收率分别为95%、85%、52%;使用碳酸钙替换部分碳酸钠,仍可实现还原过程中铁与钒的同时转化,但相应的转化率随碳酸钙的增加而降低。      

含钛高炉渣的综合利用

提出了钒钛磁铁矿钠化还原实现铁、钒、钛一歩分离的新技术;研究表明：碳酸钠对钒钛磁铁矿铁、钒、钛一歩分离效果较好,在有足量碳酸钠存在时,三氧化二钒即使在还原性气氛下也能转变为可溶性的钒酸钠,增加碳酸钠用量,钒钛磁铁矿的金属化率及钒转化率均随之升高;提高反应温度,金属化率升高,钒转化率略有降低;在煤粉添加量15%、碳酸钠添加量24%、还原温度1100℃时,钠化还原-浸出-磁选工艺可实现铁、钒、钛的有效分离,得到铁粉、浸钒液和钛渣三种产物,铁、钒、钛的收率分别为95%、85%、52%;使用碳酸钙替换部分碳酸钠,仍可实现还原过程中铁与钒的同时转化,但相应的转化率随碳酸钙的增加而降低。     

Processing of vanadium: a review

Vanadium is an important by-product that is used almost exclusively in ferrous and non-ferrous alloys due to its physical properties such as high tensile strength, hardness, and fatique resistance. Vanadium consumption in the iron and steel industry represents about 85% of the vanadium-bearing products produced worldwide. The ubiquitous vanadium is employed in a wide range of alloys in combination with iron, titanium, nickel, aluminum, chromium, and other metals for a diverse range of commercial applications extending from train rails, tool steels, catalysts, to aerospace. The global supply of vanadium originates from primary sources such as ore feedstock, concentrates, metallurgical slags, and petroleum residues. Vanadium-bearing host minerals consist of carnotite, mottramite, patronite, roscoelite, and vanadinite. Deposits of titaniferous magnetite, uraniferous sandstone, bauxite, phosphate rock, crude oils, oil shale and tar sands host vanadium. Apart from titanomagnetite and ilmenite ore deposits containing vanadium, slags from the ferrous industry are a major source of supply. At present, known world reserves are expected to supply the next century’s needs. Vanadium-bearing materials are treated by means of several processes such as calcium reduction, roast/leach, solvent extraction and ion exchange to recover vanadium either as metal, ferrovanadium, vanadium pentoxide, or in the form of various chemicals. The recovery of aluminum and magnesium metal from smelters and refineries generates vanadium and associated compounds. Countries such as China, South Africa, and Russia are the largest world producers of ferrovanadium and its toxic oxides while about 40 other countries contribute smaller quantities in different forms for global consumption. Australia is poised to become a major player for this essential substance during the next decade. The supply and demand of vanadium products during the past 20 years has been relatively stable and subject to a gradual decline in delivered price. The paper describes established industrial processes for recovery of vanadium from sources such as raw ore and process reverts. The comprehensive condensation of pertinent facts is intended to provide a single reference source rather than the reader perusing many articles.