皂洗酶在活性翠蓝G染色后处理中的应用

采用皂洗酶对活性翠蓝G染色织物进行皂洗,探讨皂洗酶用量、处理温度和时间对染色效果的影响,确定皂洗酶后处理的优化工艺为:冷水洗(2次,10 min)→皂洗(皂洗酶0.3 g/L、温度75℃、时间20 min、浴比1∶30)→冷水洗(2次,10 min)→烘干。结果表明,皂洗酶后处理不仅比传统皂洗工艺降低温度约20℃,而且处理后的染色织物皂洗沾色牢度可提高1级,湿摩擦牢度提高0.5级,表面色深略高于传统工艺,色光变化很小,色泽鲜艳度相同。     

深色印花毛巾的皂洗酶后处理

针对深色印花毛巾皂洗色牢度低、白地沾色不理想等问题,采用YN-210 CONE皂洗酶进行染后皂洗后处理.处理后的深色织物湿摩擦牢度、白地沾色牢度均提高0.5级以上.皂洗酶最佳应用条件为:用量0.1～0.2g/L,温度(100±2)℃,时间15～20 min.与常规皂洗剂相比,皂洗酶处理1t毛巾可节约水185 t,节电432 kWh,节约蒸汽8.7t.     

皂洗酶A在活性染色中的应用

采用皂洗酶A对活性染料染色织物进行皂洗,并与传统皂洗工艺对比.试验结果表明,皂洗酶A脱色(对雷马素蓝RGB)的最佳工艺条件为:温度50℃、pH值7.5、酶用量0.25 g/L;酶洗对织物的色光影响不大,可保持或提高摩擦牢度0.5～1级.     

皂洗酶皂洗工艺的分析与评价

使用中温型安汰素DSE-107皂洗酶对常用3种活性染料染色后的棉针织物皂洗。实验结果显示:对浓度为2%(o.w.f)的活性染料染色后的棉针织物,皂洗酶的优选皂洗工艺为皂洗酶用量1.5%(o.w.f),皂洗温度70~80℃,皂洗时间30 min,皂洗液p H值6~7;皂洗酶相比常规皂洗产品对染色后的棉针织物处理,染料浓度不同,废水色度由8~256倍降至8~32倍;织物的湿摩擦色牢度、皂洗褪色牢度和水洗褪色牢度提高半级,皂洗沾色牢度和水洗沾色牢度降低半级,符合相应的服用标准。皂洗酶工艺兼具良好的生产效益和生态效益,满足节能减排要求。     

复合酶对洋葱皮提取液染亚麻织物的影响研究

研究了复合生物酶处理工艺在洋葱皮提取液染亚麻织物中的应用.用测量织物减量率和织物断裂强力的方法检测亚麻织物的酶处理效果,从处理温度、处理时间和酶用量等方面进行分析和讨论,最终得到复合酶处理亚麻织物的最佳工艺为:纤维素酶3 g/L,果胶酶4 g/L,pH为5.5,45℃,90 min.处理后,亚麻织物染色效果高于未处理的织物,各项色牢度较好,且织物的摩擦牢度和耐皂洗色牢度比未处理的亚麻织物高0.5级左右.     

锦纶纤维的靛蓝染料染色

采用靛蓝染料对聚酰胺纤维进行染色,探讨保险粉、烧碱、氯化钠和染料的用量,氧化时间和染色温度等工艺参数对染色织物K/S值的影响;采用氯化稀土提高染色织物色泽鲜艳度,并测试了染色织物的色牢度。结果表明:保险粉25 g/L,烧碱4 g/L时,染色效果较好;氯化稀土媒染剂同浴处理和后处理可提高染色织物鲜艳度,且随氯化稀土用量的增加而增大;染色织物的耐摩擦色牢度为1~2级,耐皂洗色牢度均达4级以上。     

纯棉针织物双活性基活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺

介绍了双官能团活性染料冷轧堆染色的工艺流程和工艺配方,测试了所选活性染料的染色性能。分析阐述了染料用量、碱剂用量、堆置温度和时间对织物K/S值的影响,并测试了处理后织物的色牢度。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为活性黑5,20 g/L色丽牢,轧余率100%左右,30℃堆置12 h;活性红198和活性黄176,25 g/L色丽牢,轧余率100%左右,35℃堆置16 h。染色后,织物的耐干摩擦色牢度达到4~5级,耐湿摩擦色牢度4级,耐皂洗色牢度4~5级。     

纯棉针织物低温皂洗工艺

纯棉针织物常规皂洗工艺在高温条件下进行,存在耗水多、能耗大、织物表面色差大等问题。文中以低温皂洗剂AGG-350对纯棉针织物进行皂洗处理,探讨了低温皂洗剂AGG-350用量、皂洗温度、时间、pH值等因素对纯棉针织物得色量、色光、染色牢度的影响,并与常规皂洗工艺对比。结果表明,低温皂洗剂用量2 g/L,温度为60℃,时间为20 min,浴比为1∶10的条件下可以获得良好的染色牢度,不同颜色染色织物的耐皂洗色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度均可达到3～4级,且低温皂洗工艺对染色织物的色光影响更小;与传统皂洗工艺相比,低温皂洗工艺可降低66.0%的水耗和33.3%的蒸汽消耗,大大降低了能源消耗,缩短了工艺流程,节约成本。     

蛋白酶在真丝织物茜草染料染色中的应用

利用胃蛋白酶对真丝织物进行预处理,然后用天然茜草染料对其进行染色。通过测定染色织物的K/S值和断裂强度来评价酶处理效果。探讨了酶处理温度、pH值、时间等工艺条件对酶处理效果的影响,并得出酶处理最佳工艺是35～40℃处理40min,pH3,蛋白酶质量分数3%,浴比1:50。处理后,真丝织物染深色时,K/S值明显高于未处理真丝织物,其干湿摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度比未处理真丝织物的要高1级或0.5级,织物各项色牢度均达4级以上。     

食用色素辣椒红对粘胶织物的媒染染色

为了替代合成色素并拓宽辣椒红色素在染整方面的应用,将食用色素辣椒红对粘胶纤维进行媒染染色,后经玉米醇溶蛋白固色,比较媒染剂种类及媒染方法对染色织物染色性能的影响,探讨媒染时间、温度、媒染剂用量和染液pH值对织物媒染染色性能的影响,使用玉米醇溶蛋白固色,比较固色前后织物色牢度。结果表明:以硫酸铝为媒染剂在同浴媒染下可以获得色泽较深的织物,较适宜的染色工艺条件为:媒染时间45 min,温度90℃,硫酸铝用量4.0%(owf),染液pH值4.0,染色织物具有一定的耐摩擦色牢度及皂洗沾色色牢度,但皂洗变色色牢度无法满足实际需求。经醇溶蛋白处理固色后,织物的皂洗变色色牢度提升3~4级,织物色相不受影响,织物其他性能也不受影响。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press