SiO2微粉对镁质浇注料抗渣侵蚀性能的影响

本文通过静态渣侵蚀方法,研究了SiO2微粉对镁质浇注料抗中间包熔渣性能的影响,并借助于XRD和SEM对渣侵蚀实验后的浇注料试样进行了矿物相和显微结构的分析.实验结果表明:熔渣中的CaO会与材料基质中的MA反应生成低熔点的铝酸盐,并沿材料中的气孔进行渗透,这是镁质浇注料的侵蚀的主要原因.SiO2微粉的加入可以促进材料中MA的长大,同时在材料中可以生成一定量的钙镁橄榄石低熔物,促进材料的烧结,增加材料的致密度,而提高材料的抗渣性.     

铝镁尖晶石对镁质浇注料性能的影响

针对镁质浇注料在使用过程中抗渣渗透能力差,易剥落等问题,本实验加入铝镁尖晶石对镁质浇注料进行改性研究.实验分为两部分:先将镁砂细粉、镁质添加剂和铝镁尖晶石细粉等机压成型,进行高温热处理,研究其物相组成和显微结构;然后以电熔镁砂为骨料,电熔镁砂细粉、氧化铝微粉、铝镁尖晶石细粉和镁质添加剂为基质,按骨料:细粉=75∶25进行配制,研究铝镁尖晶石加入量对镁质浇注料性能的影响.结果表明:在镁质材料中引入尖晶石,能促进结构致密化;加入9％的铝镁尖晶石的浇注料试样显气孔率低,线变化率小,体积密度大,强度大,抗渣性能最好,由于镁铝尖晶石生成时体积膨胀,使得材料结构致密化;同时能有效吸收渣中CaO及FeOx等成分,减少渣的渗透作用,从而提高了浇注料的抗渣性能.     

Si3N4对镁质浇注料抗渣性能的影响

以95烧结镁砂为主要原料,以SiO2微粉为结合剂,在配料的细粉部分分别以0、3%、4%、5%的β-Si3N4细粉替代等量的镁砂细粉,搅拌均匀后浇注成氮化硅含量不同的镁质坩埚试样。选用宝钢中间包渣,采用静态坩埚法,在1550℃3h条件下对这些坩埚试样进行了抗渣试验。试验结果表明:加入Si3N4可以明显改善镁质浇注料的抗渣性能,并且随着Si3N4加入量的增加,试样的抗渣性能提高;在含氮化硅的镁质浇注料表面,由于Si3N4被氧化为SiO2而形成了致密烧结层,能阻止渣的进一步渗透;在加入Si3N4的镁质浇注料试样内部深处,由于氧分压非常低,Si3N4稳定存在;由于Si3N4在还原气氛下难以烧结,造成镁质浇注料内部结构疏松。     

21R(AlN多型体)结合镁质耐火材料的制备及性能研究

先以粒度≤1mm的电熔镁砂颗粒为骨料,以Al粉(纯度99%,粒度≤0.088mm)、活性SiO2微粉(w(SiO2)≥98.3%)和电熔镁砂细粉(≤0.088mm)为基质,保持骨料含量为65%,基质组成为35%不变,变动基质中SiO2微粉与Al粉总量分别占5%、10%、20%和30%,配制了四种不同设计量的21R(AlN多型体)结合镁质耐火材料试样,分别于1400℃、1500℃和1600℃保温3h氮化烧成。研究了材料的烧结性能、物相组成和显微结构。然后在此基础上,将上述配方中65%≤1mm的电熔镁砂骨料用40%3～1mm的电熔镁砂和25%≤1mm的电熔镁砂骨料替代,于1500℃氮化烧成后,研究了材料的抗热震性、抗铁水侵蚀性及抗渣渗透性。结果表明:(1)通过氮化反应可以直接制备21R(AlN多型体)结合镁质耐火材料;(2)21R(AlN多型体)的生成与实际反应温度和反应过程中的液相量有关,此过程中伴随着大量的尖晶石生成反应和一些气相反应;(3)经1500℃氮化处理制得的含21R(AlN多型体)的镁质耐火材料具有良好的抗热震性、抗铁水侵蚀性及抗渣渗透性。     

炭黑对镁质浇注料性能的影响

以配料组成(w):≤3 mm的高纯镁砂82%、≤3μm的SiO2微粉6%、≤0.043 mm的SiC微粉9%、≤0.045 mm棕刚玉微粉3%、≤0.045 mm的Al粉0.5%(外加)为基础配方,用炭黑替代部分镁砂粉研究了炭黑添加量(w)为0、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%时对镁质浇注料施工性能、力学性能及抗渣性能的影响。结果表明:在加水量一定的情况下,随着炭黑加入量的增加,浇注料的流动性能逐渐降低;干燥后试样的抗折强度和耐压强度均高于1 500℃3 h热处理试样的;不同气氛下烧结,浇注料的抗渣性呈现逐渐增强的趋势,在炭黑加入量为0.2%~0.4%(w)时,浇注料具有较好的常温物理性能及抗渣性。     

镁铝尖晶石和铬矿对镁质浇注料烧结的影响

研究了加入镁铝尖晶石和铬矿砂对SiO2微粉结合镁质浇注料烧结的影响。结果表明:(1)加入适量的镁铝尖晶石或铬矿砂对于提高镁质浇注料的烧结程度和强度均有较明显的作用,但加入量不能太多,在本试验条件下,加入镁铝尖晶石和铬矿砂的最佳质量分数分别为12%和10%;(2)加入镁铝尖晶石的镁质浇注料在强度方面要好于加入铬矿砂的;(3)加入的镁铝尖晶石作为晶种,促进了亚白刚玉粉和α-Al2O3微粉在镁质浇注料中生成镁铝尖晶石,铬矿砂的加入则生成了大量的镁铬尖晶石和少量的镁铝铬尖晶石。     

α-Al2O3微粉对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料性能的影响

以优质白刚玉、高纯富铝尖晶石和α-Al2O3微粉(d50为4.596μm和2.148μm)为主要原料制备了刚玉-尖晶石浇注料,研究了α-Al2O3微粉加入量(质量分数分别为8%、12%和16%)对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料性能的影响。结果表明:1)随α-Al2O3微粉加入量增加,浇注料基质的流动性能提高;α-Al2O3微粉粒度较细时基质的流动性较好,而α-Al2O3微粉较粗时基质的流动性变差。2)增加α-Al2O3微粉加入量,刚玉-尖晶石浇注料的密度增加,强度明显提高,抗渣侵蚀性和抗渣渗透性明显改善,但α-Al2O3微粉加入过多时其抗热震性变差。α-Al2O3微粉的合适加入量为12%。3)与钢包渣相比,LF渣对刚玉-尖晶石浇注料的侵蚀性较大。4)采用优质电熔白刚玉、电熔尖晶石和α-Al2O3微粉,能够生产出性能优良的刚玉-尖晶石浇注料。     

硅线石对矾土基浇注料性能的影响

以矾土为主要原料,加入硅线石粉、SiO2微粉、活性A l2O3微粉、水泥等制备矾土基浇注料,研究了硅线石加入量(质量分数分别为0、4%、8%和12%)对浇注料常温性能和抗渣侵蚀性能的影响。结果表明:随着硅线石加入量的增加,浇注料的常温强度和体积密度下降,显气孔率增大;在浇注料中加入硅线石有助于提高试样的抗渣侵蚀性能,但加入质量分数大于8%时,试样抗渣侵蚀性能下降,渣渗透深度和侵蚀深度增加;硅线石加入质量分数为4%~8%时,浇注料的综合性能较好。     

SiO2微粉和Al2O3微粉加入量对莫来石-刚玉浇注料性能的影响

以莫来石M45(10～5mm,5～3mm)、电熔莫来石(3～1mm,≤1mm)作骨料,刚玉粉(≤0.074mm)、电熔莫来石粉(≤0.074mm)、纯铝酸钙水泥、Al2O3微粉(d50=2.11μm)和SiO2微粉(d50=1.07μm)作基质,制备了脱硫枪用莫来石-刚玉浇注料,并分别研究了SiO2微粉加入量(分别为2%、3%、4%、5%)和Al2O3微粉加入量(分别为2%、4%、6%)对浇注料体积密度、显气孔率、强度、烧后永久线变化率、抗热震性和抗渣性的影响。结果表明:仅加入SiO2微粉时,随着其加入量在2%～5%范围内增加,莫来石-刚玉浇注料的体积密度提高,显气孔率降低,强度增加,抗渣性变好,但抗热震性变差;在加入3%SiO2微粉的基础上再加入2%～6%的Al2O3微粉时,浇注料的各项性能随Al2O3微粉增加没有明显改善,但均比仅加入3%SiO2微粉时有明显改善。     

MgO-ZrO2材料的抗侵蚀性能研究

研究了氧化锆和锆英石对镁质耐火材料抗渣性的影响.结果表明在氧化锆的加入量未达到某一临界值以前,镁质耐火材料的抗侵蚀性没有明显提高,因为加入的氧化锆量不足以形成阻挡渣渗透和侵蚀的二氧化锆富集层或锆酸钙富集层;当氧化锆的加入量超过一定量以后,镁质耐火材料的抗侵蚀性显著提高.锆英石的加入对提高镁质耐火材料抗侵蚀性的作用不明显加入量少时,渣渗透较严重;加入量多时,渣的渗透虽有所抑制,但渣蚀明显加剧.     

The corrosion resistance of microsilica-containing Al2O3–MgO and Al2O3–spinel castables

Microsilica addition in Al₂O₃–MgO and Al₂O₃–spinel castables helps to improve their flowability and partially accommodate their residual expansion after firing. Nevertheless, there is a lack of conclusive statements in the literature regarding the effects of microsilica on one of the main requisites for steel ladle refractories: corrosion resistance. In the present work, the performance of alumina–magnesia and alumina–spinel with or without microsilica when in contact with a steel ladle slag was evaluated based on three aspects: the material's physical properties, its chemical composition and the microstructural features before the slag attack. According to the attained results, microsilica induced liquid formation and pore growth during sintering, favoring the physical slag infiltration. Moreover, due to this liquid, CA₆ was formed in the matrix, mainly for the Al₂O₃–spinel composition, which also favored the castable dissolution into the molten slag.     

基质组成对MgO-尖晶石浇注料抗渣性能的影响

采用静态坩埚法研究了添加不同组成尖晶石的ＭｇＯ－ 尖晶石浇注料基质组成与抗渣性能的关系。实验结果表明：随着基质中Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量增加,浇注料抗渣侵蚀能力减弱,而抗渣渗透能力增强。在基质中ＳｉＯ２ 含量固定在１０ ％ 的情况下,基质中Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量在３０ ％ ～５０ ％ 时浇注料抗渣侵蚀性能较好;Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 含量超过５０ ％ 时,侵蚀速率急剧增加两倍以上。不同组成尖晶石对浇注料抗渣侵蚀性能没有明显影响,但含富铝尖晶石的浇注料具有较好的抗渣渗透性能。     

矾土基高铝－尖晶石质钢包浇注料的特性研究

对基质组成不同的矾土基高铝－尖晶石质钢包浇注料的流动性、升温过程中的脱水行为、物理性能、抗热震性、抗渣性、显微结构等特性进行了研究。结果表明，采用ＳｉＯ２超细粉形成ＭｇＯ－ＳｉＯ－Ｈ２Ｏ系的凝聚结合，不但可改善浇注料的流动性，获得高密度和强度，而且生成合结晶水很少的凝胶，改善了浇注料的烘烤性。基质组成的不同对浇注料的加水量、流动性和抗烘烤爆裂性的影响不大，但导致烧后物理性能、热震和抗渣性能有差异。     

Corrosion Resistance Mechanism of MgO-CaO Refractories to Refining Slag

Corrosion resistance and penetration resistance of MgO-CaO materials with different CaO contents （22%, 42%, 49%, 53%, in mass）to refining AOD slag or VOD slag were investigated using static crucible technique by visual observation, SEM and XRD. The corrosion resistance and penetration resistance of speci-mens decrease with the increase of CaO content. This may be caused by the formation of C3S and C2S during the reactions between specimens and the slag. The formed C3S and C2S can restrain the further penetration to the matrix. The higher the CaO content, the more the C2S or C3S formed, the lower the porosity of the speci-mens, and the lower the penetration depth and corrosion rate. The corrosion resistance to AOD slag is better than that to VOD slag, because the reaction between AOD slag and the matrix is slighter than that between VOD slag and the matrix.     

钢包渣线用镁锆铬质无炭浇注料的研制

精炼钢包渣线使用含炭耐火材料存在着使钢水增碳的问题 ,需要研制抗渣侵蚀和渗透能力较强的无炭钢包渣线材料。以轻烧氧化镁和锆英石为原料 ,采用湿法共磨工艺 ,合成了镁锆质熟料 ,并以此合成料为主要原料 ,加入工业Cr2 O3细粉、锆英石细粉及硅微粉等研制了无炭的镁锆铬质钢包浇注料。实验证明 ,制得的镁锆铬质浇注料高温强度较高 ,高温收缩率较小 ,抗渣侵蚀和渗透能力较强。     

Effect of Microsilica Addition on Properties of CMA72 Bonded Al_2O_3-MgO Castables

CMA72 bonded Al_2O_3-MgO castable is promising for application of steel ladle wall,because of unique combination of thermo-mechanical properties,slag corrosion resistance and cost benefit. In these castables,microsilica can be introduced to counterbalance the expansion generated by spinel formation. In this paper,the effect of microsilica dosage on properties of castables was evaluated. Expansion,expressed by the permanent linear change( PLC),is highly dependent on the dosage of microsilica. Unexpected expansion occurs when the dosage of microsilica is too low due to dominant effect of spinel and CA_6 formation. Too high dosage results in sintering shrinkage,which is related to amount of liquid phase generated by microsilica addition. In addition,HMOR declines dramatically with increasing microsilica dosage. Considering the balance between expansion control and hot property retention,1. 0 mass% of microsilica is recommended for the castable containing 4 mass%of magnesia.     

电熔镁锆合成料的抗渣性研究

采用坩埚法研究了不同组成的电熔镁锆合成料的抗渣性。结果表明镁锆合成料比镁质材料具有更好的抗渣渗透性。随着原始配料中锆英石的增加,合成料抗渣渗透性增强。当配料中锆英石配入量超过8％后,合成料的抗渣渗透性改善已不明显。文中还探讨了镁锆合成科抗渣渗透性机理。     

Preparation and characterization of HA bonded Al2O3–MgO based castables with superior slag resistance for the working lining of Si-killed stainless steel ladles

The study prepared Al₂O₃–MgO based castables bonded by hydratable alumina (HA) instead of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) for the working lining of Si-killed stainless steel ladles. The microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties, and slag resistance of castables were investigated by SEM, XRD, and thermodynamic software FactSage®. The results indicated that the HA bonded castables showed superior hot flexural strength, thermal shock resistance and slag resistance than the CAC bonded castables, due to the optimized pore characteristics, less liquid content, and higher liquid viscosity of the castable matrix and the formation of a continuous insulating layer.     

Basic slag attack of spinel-containing refractory castables

The better performance of spinel-containing refractory castables when in contact with basic slag is mainly associated with their higher corrosion resistance. Although the literature has shown various studies related to this subject, only few of them evaluated the overall microstructural effect on the corrosion resistance. Considering this aspect, four different compositions were produced, in order to evaluate the binder source influence (calcium aluminate cement or hydratable alumina), the silica fume addition and spinel incorporation method (in situ or pre-formed) effects. Based on the physical properties (apparent porosity, linear thermal expansion and pore size diameter distribution) and also on the phases generated (detected by SEM, before and after corrosion), a basic slag corrosion mechanism, for the set conditions, is proposed. The results pointed out that lower penetration can be attained by reducing the pore size diameters, whereas chemical corrosion resistance is a consequence of higher content of fine alumina, lower amount of calcium aluminates and the lack of liquid phase in the castable matrix. This study stresses that the castable formulation design and the proper raw material selection are of utmost importance to understand and master the performance of this class of refractory castables.     

硅微粉对超低水泥浇注料流动性的影响

采用不同硅微粉,研究了其对高铝浇注料基质泥浆粘度的影响,结果表明,基质泥浆粘度随硅微粉加入量增加而增大.这是因为硅微粉与水反应形成水化产物,水化产物发生聚合,分子的体积增大,使浆体层流阻力增大,导致泥浆粘度上升.而随硅微粉含量增加,浇注料的振动流动性增加,这与硅微粉的填充减水机理密不可分.