柴油机高效清洁燃料二甲醚（DME）的研究及其发展

对柴油机新型含氧清洁燃料DME的研究及其应用进行概括分析,阐明了柴油机燃用DME应解决的关键技术问题,从经济和环保的角度分析了DME作为发动机高效清洁燃料的可行性,指出了DME的研究发展方向及其广阔的应用前景。     

柴油机燃用二甲醚的燃烧特性

对直喷式柴油机燃用二甲醚的燃烧特性进行了研究,测量了示功图和油器针阀升程,计算了燃烧特性并与燃用柴油进行对比。结果表明,与柴油相比,发动机燃用二甲醚时的喷油延迟期延长,滞燃期缩短,最高爆发压力和最大压力升高率均低于柴油机。研究表明发动机燃用二甲醚具有良好燃烧特性。     

柴油机代用燃料生物柴油和二甲醚的应用现状和发展前景

本文论述了我国发展生物柴油和二甲醚燃料的必要性,并分析了生物柴油和二甲醚作为柴油机代用燃料的优势和不利因素,详细阐述了目前柴油机燃用生物柴油和二甲醚燃料的研究应用现状,指出今后发动机代用燃料的发展方向.     

二甲醚在柴油机上的应用与研究

分析了二甲醚的化学结构及理化性质,指出二甲醚是柴油机清洁的代用燃料,给出在柴油机上使用纯二甲醚及含甲醇及水的二甲醚的燃料特性及排放性能比较。     

植物油用作柴油机代用燃料的研究

本文对废气涡轮增压中冷、预燃室式柴油机燃机用植物油与燃用柴油机的特性做了大量对比试验研究，讨论了柴油机燃用植物油存在的一些技术问题，并提出了相应的解决措施。结果表明，柴油机燃用植物油时，其功率特性、油耗特性及排放特性等均能满足使用要求。     

直喷式柴油机燃用二甲醚排放特性的研究

对柴油机燃用二甲醚的排放性能进行了研究,并与燃用柴油时的排放水平进行了对比。结果表明：发动机转速和平均有效压力对污染物排放有较大影响;与燃用柴油相比,燃用二甲醚可以大幅度降低ＮＯｘ排放,烟度为０,ＣＯ和未燃ＨＣ排放也有所降低,排放物中甲醛量增加。研究表明二甲醚是柴油机理想的低排放代用燃料。     

柴油机含氧清洁燃料研究简述

阐述了国内外柴油机代用燃料研究情况，同时重点分析了含氧清洁代用燃料研究的现状及成果，研究结果表明，使用DME作为柴油机的代用燃料，其NOx，微粒，SO2，碳烟排放均较低。     

ZS195柴油机燃用二甲醚(DME)-柴油混合燃料的试验研究

二甲醚粘度低，会使高压供油系统产生泄漏及早期磨损。在二甲醚中添加低比例的柴油(简称二元燃料)，其柴油既参与燃烧，又相应提高了混合燃料的粘度。首先对二甲醚添加低比例的柴油进行优化并对柴油机供油量、供油提前角和针阀开启压力进行优化匹配，然后对ZS195柴油机燃用二元燃料进行试验研究。结果表明：在ZS195柴油机上燃用二元燃料，其功率和转矩略优于原柴油机，发动机在全负荷范围内接近无烟排放，NOχ大幅度下降。试验还表明，采用这种二元燃料可使供油系统长期稳定地工作。     

直喷柴油机燃用二甲醚的试验研究

在直接喷射式柴油机上进行了燃用二甲醚的试验研究,对柱塞有效行程和柱塞直径、供油提前角、喷油压力、进气涡流比、喷嘴型式等燃烧系统主要参数对发动机功率和热效率的影响进行了研究,在燃料供给系统中增加燃油输送泵,消除了气阻,发动机可以在宽广的转速和负荷范围内稳定运行,发动机热效率比原机高３％ 。在优化燃烧系统参数的基础上对示功图和排放的测量及计算表明：二甲醚发动机最高爆发压力、最大压力升高率和 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放均低于原机,烟度排放为０。试验结果显示了直喷式柴油机燃用二甲醚在降低排放方面的优越性能。     

二甲醚技术发展现状及替代柴油的经济性分析

概述了二甲醚的市场情况以及二甲醚生产技术的最新进展,介绍了二甲醚替代柴油的研究进展情况,详细分析了二甲醚替代柴油的经济性问题,对二甲醚项目的建设决策具有一定参考意义。     

车用柴油机燃用生物柴油的研究进展和发展前景

简要介绍了生物柴油的主要制备方法和燃料特性,综述了生物柴油对车用柴油机的低温起动性能、动力性、经济性,排放特性以及燃烧特性影响的研究进展,阐述了近期针对生物柴油研究的新对象和新方法,并探讨了生物柴油的应用前景。     

Influence of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers on diesel fuel properties

Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE_3–8) is a new type of diesel fuel additive that can improve combustion and reduce pollution emissions significantly. In this study, the effect of the different ratios of PODE3-8 to diesel on the properties of diesel fuel was studied. The results showed that 20% of the mixed sample improved the quality of diesel oil, reducing the pour point from to –6℃, enhancing the cetane number from 46 to 53.6, and increasing the flashpoint from 55 to 57℃. All other technical specifications of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether and 20% blending diesel were in accordance with the Chinese National Standards of 0^#diesel.     

二甲醚发动机燃料喷射系统研究现状及发展

介绍了近几年国内外在二甲醚(DME)柴油机代用燃料方面的研究进程,并重点介绍了现阶段一种较适合DME燃料的低压共轨喷射系统。     

柴油机燃用低比例小球藻生物柴油-柴油混合燃料的试验研究

以野生小球藻生物柴油(Chlorella Biodiesel Fuel,CBF)-柴油作为混合燃料,利用186FA柴油机进行台架试验。在CBF的掺混比例分别为0%,3%,5%(B0,B3,B5)时,对柴油机的动力性、燃料燃用的经济性和燃烧及排放特性进行了比较分析。试验分析表明:柴油机燃用混合燃料时,与燃用纯柴油相比,随着CBF掺混比例的增加,其扭矩和功率略有下降,最大降幅均为4%;柴油机的油耗率和能耗率略有上升,且在高、中负荷时更为明显;柴油机的缸内压力、放热率峰值稍有减小,而压力升高率峰值稍有增大,缸内压力峰值最大降幅为3.4%,放热率峰值最大降幅为12.8%,压力升高率峰值最大增幅为13.7%;柴油机滞燃期缩短了0.5~1.0°CA、燃烧持续期延长了1.0~2.0°CA,缸内压力、压力升高率和放热率峰值的出现时刻均提前了1.0~2.0°CA,燃烧速度加快;HC,CO和碳烟的排放均有所降低,而NOX的排放逐渐增多,全负荷时HC和碳烟排放的最大降幅分别为14.1%和31.7%,NOX排放的最大增幅为9.7%,CO排放的降幅为6%~12%。     

甲醇和二甲醚燃料在发动机中的应用现状

论述了我国发展甲醇和二甲醚燃料的必要性,并分析了甲醇和二甲醚(DME)作为发动机燃料的优势和不利因素,详细阐述了目前汽油机、柴油机和HCCI发动机燃用甲醇和二甲醚燃料的现状,指出了今后发动机代用燃料的发展方向。     

A study of the direct dimethyl ether fuel cell using alkaline anolyte

The electrooxidation behavior of dimethyl ether (DME) dissolved in acidic, neutral or alkaline anolyte has been studied. The cyclic voltammetry measurements reveal that DME in alkaline anolyte demonstrates higher electrooxidation reactivity than that in acidic or neutral anolyte. With increasing the NaOH concentration in the anolyte, the electrooxidation reactivity of DME can be further improved. Direct dimethyl ether fuel cells (DDFCs) are assembled by using Nafion membrane as the electrolyte, Pt/C as the cathode catalyst, and Pt-Ru/C as the anode catalyst. It is found that the use of alkaline anolyte can significantly improve the performance of DDFCs. A maximum power density of 60 mW cm⁻² has been achieved when operating the DDFC at 80 °C under ambient pressure.     

Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

As a developing and the most populous country in the world, China faces major challenges in energy supply and environmental protection. It is of great importance to develop clean and alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the basis of researches on DME engine and vehicle at Shanghai Jiaotong University in the last twelve years, fuel injection, combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of DME engine and DME vehicle are introduced in this paper. The results indicate that DME engines can achieve high thermal efficiency and ultra low emissions, and will play a significant role in meeting the energy demand while minimizing environmental impact in China.     

Life cycle study of coal-based dimethyl ether as vehicle fuel for urban bus in China

With life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, a life cycle model of coal-based dimethyl ether (CBDME) as a vehicle fuel is established for China. Its life cycle from well to wheel are divided into three phases. They are feedstock extraction, fuel production and fuel consumption in vehicle. The primary energy consumption (PEC) and global warming potential (GWP) of CBDME pathway are analyzed and compared with coal-based diesel (CBD) as a latent rival to replace conventional petroleum-based diesel (CPBD).     

Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

As a developing and the most populous country in the world, China faces major challenges in energy supply and environmental protection. It is of great importance to develop clean and alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the basis of researches on DME engine and vehicle at Shanghai Jiaotong University in the last twelve years, fuel injection, combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of DME engine and DME vehicle are introduced in this paper. The results indicate that DME engines can achieve high thermal efficiency and ultra low emissions, and will play a significant role in meeting the energy demand while minimizing environmental impact in China.