V_2O_5助烧对纳米CLST陶瓷的显微结构与性能的影响

应用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法与自燃烧结合的方法制备了CaO-Li2O-Sm2O3-TiO2(CLST)陶瓷纳米粉体.该文讨论了Sol-Gel法与自燃烧法结合制备CLST纳米粉体的新方法.对V2O5掺杂的低温烧结CLST陶瓷从烧结性质、结构与相组成、显微形貌、介电性质等方面进行了研究.结果表明,V2O5掺杂能显著降低CLST陶瓷的烧结温度,由1 300 ℃降至1 100 ℃.掺杂质量比为0.25%的V2O5 的CLST陶瓷取得了较好的介电性能.介电常数εr=86,介电损耗tan δ=0.011,频率温度系数τf=10×10-6 /℃.     

BiVO4掺杂对CLST介质陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了BiVO4掺杂的CaO-Li2O-Sm2O3-TiO2(CLST)介质陶瓷,用X-射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及电感-电容-电阻测试仪等对其烧结特性、相结构及介电性能进行了系统研究.结果表明,BiVO4掺杂能显著降低CLST陶瓷的烧结温度,由1 300 ℃降至1 200 ℃.BiVO4掺杂量为1%,烧结温度为1 200 ℃时,CLST陶瓷具有较好的综合介电性能:εr＝88,tan δ＝0.018,τ f =-30×10-6/℃.     

Ca_(0.3)(Li_(0.5)Sm_(0.5))_(0.7)TiO_3微波介质陶瓷低温烧结研究

采用固相反应法,以Ca0.3(Li0.5Sm0.5)0.7TiO3(CLST—0.7)陶瓷为基料,掺杂质量分数为10%的CaO-B2O3-SiO2(CBS)氧化物和2%～6%的Li2O-B2O3-SiO2-CaO-Al2O3(LBSCA)玻璃料为复合烧结助剂,研究了LBSCA掺杂量对CLST—0.7陶瓷的低温烧结行为及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明,复合烧结助剂掺杂促使CLST—0.7陶瓷烧结温度降低了200～300℃,并保持良好的微波介电性能。掺杂质量分数10%CBS和4%LBSCA的CLST—0.7陶瓷经950℃烧结5h后,其εr=71.84,Q·f=1967GHz,τf=41.7×10–6/℃。     

Li_2O-B_2O_3-SiO_2掺杂低温烧结CLST陶瓷的介电性能

通过Li2O-B2O3-SiO(2LBS)玻璃的有效掺杂,低温液相烧结制备了16CaO-9Li2O-12Sm2O3-63TiO(2CLST)陶瓷。研究了LBS掺杂量对其烧结性能、相组成及介电性能的影响。结果表明:通过掺杂LBS,使CLST陶瓷的烧结温度由1300℃降至1000℃,且无第二相生成。随LBS掺杂量的增加,tanδ显著降低,τf趋近于零。当w(LBS)为10%时,CLST陶瓷在1000℃烧结3h获得最佳介电性能:tanδ为0.0045,τf为4×10–6/℃,虽然εr由105.0降至71.0,但仍属于高εr范围。     

Bi2O3掺入对CLST微波介质陶瓷性能的影响

研究了Bi2O3掺入对CaO-Li2O-Sm2O3-TiO2(简写为CLST)系微波介质陶瓷介电性能的影响。用XRD和SEM研究其晶体结构及微观形貌。结果表明:Bi2O3掺入能显著降低CLST陶瓷的烧结温度,由1300℃降至1200℃,1200℃烧结2h后,仍形成了斜方钙钛矿结构,但原有金红石相消失。掺入5%(质量分数)Bi2O3的CLST陶瓷取得了较好的介电性能:εr为93,tanδ为0.0078,τf为–29×10–6℃–1。     

ZrO2掺杂对Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用固相反应烧结法制备了ZrO2掺杂的Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3微波介质陶瓷,研究了陶瓷的烧结特性和介电性能。结果表明,ZrO2掺杂能有效降低Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3陶瓷的烧结温度,改善陶瓷的微波介电性能。当x(ZrO2)=4%时,Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3陶瓷致密化烧结温度由纯相时的1 600℃降至1 300℃,同时陶瓷材料的微波介电性能达到最佳值,即介电常数εr=34.79,品质因数与频率的乘积Q×f=148 000(8GHz),谐振频率温度系数τf=0.3×10-6/℃。     

烧结助剂LBZ对CaO-La_2O_3-TiO_2微波介质陶瓷掺杂改性研究

采用La2O3-B2O3-ZnO(LBZ)玻璃掺杂钙钛矿系CaO-La2O3-TiO2(CLT)微波介电陶瓷。运用XRD、SEM和微波介电性能测试等手段,研究了LBZ掺杂对样品烧结性能及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明,在CLT陶瓷中添加LBZ,有效促进CLT陶瓷烧结,使得CLT的烧结温度由1 350℃降低到950℃以下,同时保持较好的介电性能。当LBZ的质量分数为3%时,样品在950℃保温4h后烧结致密,并获得最佳微波性能,即介电常数εr=103.12,品质因数与频率的乘积Q×f=8 826GHz(f=3.03GHz),频率温度系数τf=87.52×10-6/℃。     

PbO-B2O3-CuV2O6掺杂对(Pb,Ca,La)(Fe,Nb)O3陶瓷微波介电性能的影响

研究了PbO3-CuV2O6(PBC)玻璃对(Pb,Ca,La)(Fe,Nb)O3(PCLFN)陶瓷微波介电性能的影响.当纯PCLFN陶瓷在1150℃烧结,介电常数εr=103,品质因数与频率之积Qf=5640 GHz,频率温度系数τf=7.1×10-6/℃.PBC玻璃添加剂能降低PCLFN陶瓷的烧结温度到1 050℃左右,同时能保持良好的介电性能.随着PBC玻璃添加量的质量分数从1.0%增加2.0%,陶瓷的Qf值减小.掺杂ω(PBC)=1%玻璃、在1 050℃烧结的陶瓷样品,能获得良好的微波介电性能为Qf=5 392 GHz,τf=8.18×10-6/℃,εr=101.     

Cu掺杂ZnTiNb2O8陶瓷的低温烧结和微波介电性能

采用传统固相反应法制备了Cu掺杂的ZnTiNb2O8介质陶瓷,分别对其烧结特性、物相组成、显微结构及微波介电性能等进行了系统研究。结果表明：Cu掺杂及其氧化能显著降低ZnTiNb2O8的烧结温度至950 ℃;Cu掺杂ZnTiNb2O8陶瓷微波介电性能在很大程度上由陶瓷致密度、物相组成和晶粒大小决定;Cu掺杂量为3.0wt.%的ZnTiNb2O8陶瓷在950 ℃烧结3 h具有较好的微波介电性能：εr=30.2,Q×f=27 537 GHz(f=6.774 3 GHz),τf=-57.1 μ℃-1,是极具应用前景的低温共烧陶瓷材料。     

sol-gel燃烧合成CLST陶瓷

采用sol-gel法合成了CaO-Li2O-Sm2O3-TiO2(CLST)陶瓷粉体。用XRD、TEM等手段对CLST粉体和CLST陶瓷的相结构和形貌进行了表征,同时测试了不同烧结温度的CLST陶瓷的介电性能。结果表明:CLST前驱体在900℃煅烧3h,晶体结构已经完全形成,主晶相为斜方钙钛矿结构,一次粒子粒径约60nm。1150℃烧结3h时,CLST陶瓷表现出优良的介电性能:εr为110,tanδ为0.008,τf为11×10–6/℃。     

微波介质陶瓷在介质滤波器上的应用

移动通信用天线滤波器应具有尺寸小，频率稳定，插入损耗低等特点。研究了ＢａＯ－Ｎｄ_２Ｏ_３－ＴｉＯ_２系介质材料的组成对其介电性能的影响，并分析了影响插入损耗的各个因素。在此基础上用掺Ｂｉ_２Ｏ_３的ＢａＯ－Ｎｄ_２Ｏ_３－ＴｉＯ_２系材料作介质试制出天线滤波器，测试了滤波器的性能，测定表明所制造的天线滤波器性能能够满足移动通信机的要求。     

BSZN微波介质陶瓷介电常数的异常

研究了(Ba1-xSrx)(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(BSZN)微波介质陶瓷介电常数的非线性变化以及异常的原因。随着系统中Sr(1/3Nb2/3)O3的增多,介电常数的异常是由于氧八面体的畸变导致的相转变(对称性降低)及第二相的生成造成的。未发生相转变前,介电常数的增大可用电介质理论加以解释;发生相转变后,介电常数呈线性下降趋势,符合对数混合定律。     

Measurement of Low-Loss Dielectric Materials Using Dielectric Rod Resonator

To obtain the complex permittivity of low-loss dielectric materials at 60 GHz, a measurement method is developed. Using a dielectric rod resonator excited by a dielectric waveguide, effective conductivity of conducting plates for short circuiting the resonator is determined. The complex permittivity of the dielectric rod is determined by the resonant frequency and unloaded quality factor of the TE_0m1-mode resonator. Moreover, the complex permittivity of single crystal sapphire, polycrystalline ceramics, and cordierite has been investigated in virtue of numerical simulation. For all the measured specimens in this study, the proposed method is seen to provide much better accuracy for values.     

薄膜绝缘层对陶瓷厚膜电致发光显示器件的影响

采用丝网印刷技术，在Al2O3陶瓷板上印刷、高温烧结内电极及绝缘层制备出陶瓷厚膜基板，进而制备了新型厚膜电致发光显示器（TDEL），整个器件结构为陶瓷基板／内电极／厚膜绝缘层／发光层／薄膜绝缘层／ITO透明电极。对用不同薄膜绝缘材料制备的显示器件的特性进行测试、比较、分析，结果表明薄膜绝缘介质层对器件的阈值电压、发光亮度均有一定的影响，以复合绝缘层的性能最优。最后对器件的衰减特性进行了初步分析。     

Dielectric medium

The concept of the generalized scattering amplitude is applied to the electromagnetic (EM) scattering of an arbitrarily shaped, perfectly conducting object partially immersed in a semi-infinite dielectric medium. The dielectric medium can have either electric loss or magnetic loss or both. In a two-dimensional (2-D) formulation, after the outgoing cylindrical wave is factored out from the scattered wave, the remaining wave envelope component in the scattered wave is defined as the generalized scattering amplitude. The transformed Helmholtz equation in terms of the generalized scattering amplitude can be solved numerically using a finite-difference method over the entire scattering domain including both the semi-infinite free-space (vacuum or air) and the semi-infinite dielectric medium. Example problems of scattering by infinitely long, perfectly conducting cylinders of circular and trapezoidal ship-shaped cross sections are solved to demonstrate the theoretical formulation and numerical method. The radial profiles of the generalized scattering amplitude and the total field over the entire scattering region are also presented, and their properties are discussed. The far-field bistatic cross section and induced current density on the obstacle's surface are also presented. These results show that the method can be used to yield complete and accurate solutions to 2-D EM scattering problems involving arbitrarily shaped metallic objects partially immersed in a penetrable semi-infinite dielectric medium     

钛酸锌镁介质陶瓷的制备与介电性能

采用固相合成法制备了Mg0.22Zn0.78TiO3(简称MZT)化合物陶瓷粉体,研究了烧结助剂及Ca O掺杂对MZT介质陶瓷的烧结和介电性能的影响。实验结果表明,掺杂少量的Ca O能改善MZT陶瓷的介电性能,加入质量分数为10%烧结助剂,能获得一种能在较低温度下烧结的MZT系瓷料,烧结温度为1 000℃时,测得陶瓷样品的最佳介电性能:相对介电常数约为21,介质损耗小于1.5×10-4,介电常数温度系数符合C0G瓷料的要求。     

The Thermal Dielectric Quotient for Characterizing Dielectric Heat Conductors

If a piece of dielectric is mounted between two conductors, the resulting thermal conductance and electrical capacitance are related by their quotient which is a property of the material, independent of the size and shape. This quotient is expressed in watts per (picofarad X kelvin). It is helpful in the selection of a material for conducting heat while adding least capacitance. For example, a beryllia ceramic block of 1 pF can conduct about 4 W/K. The highest is a diamond of unusual perfection, about 40 W/K. A table and a nomogram give these properties for a variety of materials.     

一种微波介质谐振器复介电常数测试方法

介绍了一种简单的微波介质谐振腔的设计及性能参数的计算方法，给出了相对介电常数ε1、介质损耗tan δ的详细求解方程，为微波介质陶瓷性能参数的测量提供了一种简单而有效的方法。     

Resonant Frequency Stability of the Dielectric Resonator on a Dielectric Substrate

A simple approximate method for predicting the resonant frequencies of TE modes of dielectric resonators is developed. By using this method, an analytical expression is derived for the resonant frequency stability of the dielectric resonator on a dielectric substrate, and the effect of the substrate on the stability is studied. The result is useful when the high-frequency stability is required.     

Microwave Dielectric Behavior of Wet Soil-Part II: Dielectric Mixing Models

This paper is the second in a series evaluating the microwave dielectric behavior of soil-water mixtures as a function of water content and soil textural composition. Part II draws upon the data presented in Part 1 [13] to develop appropriate empirical and theoretical dielectric mixing models for the 1.4-to 18-GHz region. A semiempirical mixing model based upon the index of refraction is presented, requiring only easily ascertained soil physical parameters such as volumetric moisture and soil textural composition as inputs. In addition, a theoretical model accounting explicitly for the presence of a hydration layer of bound water adjacent to hydrophilic soil particle surfaces is presented. A four-component dielectric mixing model treats the soil-water system as a host medium of dry soil solids containing randomly distributed and randomly oriented disc-shaped inclusions of bound water, bulk water, and air. The bulk water component is considered to be dependent upon frequency, temperature, and salinity. The soil solution is differentiated by means of a soil physical model into 1) a bound component and 2) a bulk soil solution. The performance of each model is evaluated as a function of soil moisture, soil texture, and frequency, using the dielectric measurements of five soils ranging from sandy loam to silty clay (as presented in Part I [13]) at frequencies between 1.4 and 18 GHz. The semiempirical mixing model yields an excellent fit to the measured data at frequencies above 4 GHz. At 1.