双歧杆菌微生态制剂保藏技术研究现状

基于双歧杆菌的生理特性并结合目前国内外最新研究成果 ,论述了冷藏、冷冻保藏、真空冷冻干燥法和和固定化细胞微胶囊等技术在延长双歧杆菌活菌保藏期中的研究进展 ,对双歧杆菌活菌保藏期技术的未来作了展望。     

双歧杆菌保藏性能研究

本文研究4种保护剂对双歧杆菌液态制剂的冷藏和冷冻过程中存活率的影响。结果表明，甘油对双枝杆菌的保护效果最好，其中浓度为80%的甘油能使双歧杆菌液态制剂在4℃冷藏时保持活力25d，在-20℃冷冻时，保存60d仅下降3个数量级。     

双歧杆菌的最新研究进展

综述有关双歧杆菌的生长促进因子、对肠粘膜的粘附及鉴定方法等方面的研究进展。对于其在科研中的进一步研究和在保健食品中更广泛、更有效的应用有一定的指导意义。     

微胶囊化双歧杆菌产品的特性

本文研究了微胶囊化前后双歧杆菌耐酸性、耐热性和贮存稳定性的变化。     

双歧杆菌培养及保藏方法比选研究

对双歧杆菌进行了不同培养方法和保藏方法的比选研究。双歧杆菌在厌氧条件下,液体培养比斜面培养的生长状况好。双歧杆菌的保藏,短期适宜用液体保藏法,中长期适宜用液体石蜡保藏法、冷冻保藏法或冷冻干燥保藏法。     

双歧杆菌微胶囊技术及应用

双歧杆菌对人体有重要的生理和保健功能,但双歧杆菌必须通过胃环境以大量的存活菌到达肠道并能定殖于肠粘膜上才能发挥益生作用,微胶囊技术可以解决这一难题.综述了双歧杆菌微胶囊技术的研究现状,比较了双歧杆菌微胶囊的制备方法,如挤压法、喷雾干燥法、空气悬浮法、相分离凝聚法等,并展望了双歧杆菌微胶囊技术的应用前景.     

双歧杆菌的生理功能特性及应用技术

介绍了双歧杆菌对人体的生理功能及估保食品中的应用技术。     

双歧杆菌微胶囊化的研究进展

针对双歧杆菌活菌不耐受强胃酸,在有氧条件下容易失活,常温下保存期短等存在问题,双歧杆菌的开发中应用了微型包囊技术,并已成功的研制出耐强酸、隔氧、保存期长的活性双歧杆菌微胶囊化产品,实践证明,效果比较理想.本文综述了双歧杆菌微胶囊化技术的研究现状和影响双歧杆菌微胶囊化产品稳定性的因素,并讨论了双歧杆菌微胶囊化存在的问题和发展前景.     

微胶囊技术在双歧杆菌中的应用

综述了微胶囊技术在食品工业中的应用现状,讨论了双歧杆菌微胶囊化的意义和研究现状。     

低聚糖与双歧杆菌

近年来,随着微生态保健品大量的广告宣传,特别是新闻媒体报导了我国著名长寿地区——广西巴马瑶族自治县长寿老人肠道中与儿童一样存在大量双歧杆菌后,双歧杆菌在人体保健方面的功效引起了人们极大的兴趣。因此探讨双歧杆菌的保健作用和寻找促进体内双歧杆菌生长物质倍受注意。目前已经证实,不少低聚糖(寡糖)对双歧杆菌、乳杆菌等益生菌在肠道内选择性生长具有良好的促进作用。下面就双歧杆菌的保健作用和低聚糖作一简要介绍。     

Effect of packaging conditions and temperature on viability of microencapsulated bifidobacteria during storage

In this study, Bifidobacterium longum B6 and B infantis CCRC 14633 were microencapsulated in various wall materials, including skim milk, gum arabic, gelatin and soluble starch. The stability of these microencapsulated bifidobacteria held at 25 or 4 °C in glass or polyester bottles with or without deoxidant and desiccant was determined. Microencapsulated cells of B longum B6 were generally more stable than the corresponding microencapsulated cells of B infantis CCRC 14633 under the various storage conditions tested. The presence of deoxidant and desiccant, especially at 25 °C, increased the survival of microencapsulated cells. Furthermore, the survival of bifidobacteria was enhanced when they were stored at 4 °C in glass bottles. It was also found that the wall material affected the survival of microencapsulated bifidobacteria. The viability of B longum B6 and B infantis CCRC 14633 was best when they were encapsulated in skim milk and held at 4 °C in glass bottles. Skim milk‐encapsulated B longum B6 cells showed a relatively low viability reduction of only 0.15–0.20 log (colony‐forming units (cfu g^?1)) after 42 days of storage at 4 °C in glass bottles, regardless of the presence of deoxidant and desiccant. A reduction of 0.38–0.76 log (cfu g^?1) was noted for skim milk‐encapsulated cells of B infantis CCRC 14633 under similar storage conditions. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

微囊化双歧杆菌贮藏过程活菌数的变化

微囊化双歧杆菌是一种新型高效微生态制剂。本研究了在微囊化双歧杆菌制品保藏过程中水分、原始菌数、保护剂、温度等因素对双歧杆菌活菌总数的影响。     

原生物酸奶及其发展前景

介绍了原生物、乳酸菌、双歧因子的特点和种类，原生物酸奶的市场情况、菌种、生产、保健作用及发展趋势。原生物酸奶利用最多的是嗜酸乳杆菌和双歧杆菌，二者在抵抗上消化道酸性环境方面有协同作用。生产时需与传统菌种配合，发酵时间约６ｈ。酸奶中原生物可采用一种平板培养法单独计数。改良菌种和添加双歧因子，有望提高酸奶的保健效果。     

Selective enumeration and survival of bifidobacteria in fresh cheese

Five species of bifidobacteria (15 strains), two strains of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, two strains of L. lactis ssp. cremoris, and one strain of L. lactis ssp. lactis var diacetylactis were included in a study to develop a selective medium for enumeration of bifidobacteria from fresh cheese. Viable counts of bifidobacteria or lactococci on modified Columbia agar base (CAB with 0.05% cysteine-HCl) plus raffinose (0.5%) containing various selective agents were compared with non-selective media. The mCAB plus raffinose with lithium chloride (2 g L⁻¹) and sodium propionate (3 g L⁻¹) with pH adjusted to 5.1 was used successfully as a selective medium for the enumeration of bifidobacteria from fresh cheese. Using this medium, it was determined that bifidobacteria could survive up to 15 days at a level higher than 10⁶ cfu g⁻¹ in a fresh cheese stored at 4 or 12°C. The decrease in the viable counts of bifidobacteria was faster during storage at 4°C than at 12°C.     

双歧杆菌对肠上皮细胞粘附作用的研究状况

双歧杆菌是一种重要的生理性细菌，它对肠上皮细胞的粘附是其发挥生理作用的前提，也是评定益生菌剂效效果的主要指标之一。综述了目前双歧杆菌粘附作用的几个研究阶段，粘附作用的特点-种属特异性、宿主行异性和可逆性，粘附素-受体理论研究状况以及影响粘附作用的几个因素，并展望了未来双歧杆菌粘附作用的研究趋势。     

Production of oligosaccharides in yogurt containing bifidobacteria and yogurt cultures

Yogurts were prepared by using yogurt cultures combined to mixed cultures of bifidobacteria (Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, and Bifidobacterium longum) and by adding a preincubation step (1.5 h at 50 degrees C) with bifidobacteria to the conventional method of manufacture in order to produce oligosaccharides. The survival of bifidobacteria was drastically affected during storage of yogurts, except for products containing B. animalis, in which viable counts remained at >10(6) cfu/g after 28 d of storage at 4 degrees C. Oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization of 3 were produced during the preincubation step (0.31 to 0.68%), and the amount in the final products varied according to the species of bifidobacteria inoculated during the preincubation step or the concentration of bifidobacteria used as second inoculum during the fermentation process. In fact, the higher concentration of oligosaccharides measured at the end of the fermentation process (0.72%) and the 28 d-storage period (0.67%) was obtained for yogurts containing B. infantis. However, yogurts containing B. breve showed higher beta-galactosidase activities and had lower lactose concentrations after the fermentation process and the storage period than the other yogurts. The use of a mixed cultures of bifidobacteria (B. animalis, B. infantis, or B. breve) thus allows the production of yogurts in which bifidobacteria can survive in relatively high cell numbers and contain appreciable amount of oligosaccharides.     

Purification of jerusalem artichoke fructans and their utilisation by bifidobacteria

Ash-free white powder of fructans was prepared from the tubers of Jerusalem artichoke by hot-water extraction followed by treatment with charcoal and ion exchangers. A simple method for measuring the effects of carbon sources on the growth of bifidobacteria was developed. Bifidobacteria grew equally well in the Jerusalem artichoke fructans as in enzymically prepared fructooligosaccharides (Meioligo P). Much slower growth occurred, however, with a commercial fructan product from chicory (Fibruline).     

茶多酚对apoE-/-小鼠脂类代谢和肠道双歧杆菌的影响

研究茶多酚对小鼠脂类代谢和结肠双歧杆菌的影响,探讨茶多酚采食与脂类代谢和肠道双歧杆菌之间的关系。ApoE-/-小鼠以高脂饲料饲养并在饮水中添加1.6g/L茶多酚,8周后用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析肠道双歧杆菌多样性。结果表明,高脂饮食对照组(HF)和茶多酚组(T)肠道双歧杆菌多样性有显著差异;16周后,T组血清中TC、LDL-C含量分别为19.8,16.1mmol/L,显著低于HF组的36.4,28.4mmol/L(P<0.05)。说明茶多酚采食对apoE-/-小鼠肠道双歧杆菌菌群多样性和脂类代谢均有显著的影响。     

糙米储藏技术研究进展

概述了糙米的常温储藏、低温储藏、气调储藏和保鲜新技术等四种储藏方法,重点从低温储粮原理、实现方法、低温仓设计等三个方面介绍了糙米低温储藏技术的研究进展,分析认为:(1)我国不同水稻产区应当根据其气候特点与后续利用方式,选择适宜的糙米储藏方法;(2)对于高温湿热产区,建议探讨先稻谷储藏再糙米储藏的组合式储藏方法,以期降低储藏能耗,改善糙米品质;(3)进一步通过理论与试验研究,优化低温储藏方法,改善粮仓设计,降低储藏成本,从而突现糙米低温储藏的价值;(4)不断宣传糙米的营养价值.     

Effect of electroporation on viability and bioconversion of isoflavones in mannitol‐soymilk fermented by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of electroporation (2.5–7.5 kV cm^?1 for 3.0–4.0 ms) on the growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, membrane properties and bioconversion of isoflavones in mannitol‐soymilk. RESULTS: The viability of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria decreased immediately after electroporation. This was attributed to lipid peroxidation, which led to alterations in the membrane phospholipid bilayer, specifically at the polar head, interface and apolar tail regions. Such alterations also resulted in decreased membrane fluidity and increased membrane permeability upon electroporation (P < 0.05). However, the effect was reversible and treated cells showed better growth than the control upon fermentation for 24 h at 37 °C (P < 0.05). Additionally, electroporation increased the bioconversion of glucosides to bioactive aglycones in mannitol‐soymilk, which was attributed to increased intracellular and extracellular β‐glucosidase activities of cells upon treatment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Application of electroporation on lactobacilli and bifidobacteria could be beneficial for the development of fermented soymilk with enhanced bioactivity. Considering the enhanced bioactive aglycones, this soymilk could be useful for the prevention of hormone‐dependent disorders. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry