超高摩尔质量聚乙烯薄膜挤出成型有限元模拟

建立了超高摩尔质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)薄膜熔体挤出成型有限元模型,采用鱼尾式机头设计了厚度为1mm、幅度为100 mm的UHMWPE薄膜挤出模具,基于有限元软件Polyflow对挤出流道内熔体的流动开展了有限元模拟,采用不同几何模型分别获得了流道内熔体速度和压力的分布规律。分析了有无阻流块、有无稳流区和不同长度成型区对流动的影响,获得了阻流块高度、稳流区长度、成型区长度对挤出成型的影响规律和影响效果,对UHMWPE薄膜挤出口模设计给出了建议。     

钢塑复合异型材共挤流道内熔体流动特性的数值模拟

结合钢塑复合共挤工艺特点,建立了复合共挤出流动的数学模型。采用有限元分析软件Ansys对钢塑复合中空异型材共挤流道内熔体的三维等温非牛顿流动进行了数值模拟;讨论了内部芯材以不同速率移动时,流道内熔体压力、速度和粘度的分布特点及变化规律,并与普通异型材挤出进行了对比。结果表明:随着芯材移动速率的提高,流道内压降减小;在熔体与芯材接触结合区域,压力和速度梯度明显增加,粘度减小,易出现不稳定流动;流道内熔体有较高的轴向速率,径向速率对称分布,其流动特征为典型的收敛流动;由于芯材在牵动,熔体最大流速出现在口模成型段,即挤出熔体与芯材的会合处。     

片材机头中物料温度分布的模拟分析

本文利用ANSYS和MATLAB软件,对衣架型和T型片材机头中熔体的温度分布进行三维有限元模拟和分析。通过对机头流道内温度分布的模拟,得出了衣架型机头流道的温度分布优于T型机头。     

微层共挤出过程层叠单元流道三维流场分析

采用Cross-WLF本构方程,建立了层叠单元流道短纤维填充聚合物注塑成型充填阶段三维黏弹数值模型,运用有限元法,对聚合物熔体在层叠单元流道中注塑流动过程进行数值模拟。研究了层叠单元流道中聚合物熔体的流动过程、剪切场分布以及微层剪切流场对短纤维填料的取向作用。结果表明:分流道结构的微小差异会引起聚合物熔体流动波前的不一致,但最终趋于平稳流动状态;聚合物熔体进入扭转、展宽、变薄的区域时,由于流道结构和尺寸突变,剪切速率急剧增大,影响了流动的稳定性;层叠单元流道的结构设计有利于聚合物熔体中短纤维的取向。     

塑料熔体三维流动的数值模拟

塑料熔体是具有记忆性的非线性黏弹性流体，为了准确分析板材挤出模具中熔体的流动，采用了积分型本构方程描述熔体的流变行为，同时给出熔体在狭缝流道中的控制方程。根据控制方程的特殊性，提出了把有限元半解析法应用于求解黏弹性流体流动问题这一思想，从而建立了有限单元体法，同时给出求解非线性有限元方程组的迭代方法，并采用以上方法对熔体在狭缝流道中的流动进行求解分析，将结果与三维有限元解法的结果相比较，证明结果是精确的，表明采用上述方法模拟熔体在狭缝中的流动是简便可行的。     

数值模拟研究螺纹元件的混合性能

使用FEM方法数值模拟了同向双螺杆螺纹混合元件和普通螺纹元件流道中硬聚氯乙烯的流动过程,计算了2种螺纹元件流道内熔体的非等温流场,使用粒子示踪法统计分析了2种螺纹元件流道内熔体的混合性能.研究结果表明,螺纹混合元件具有较均匀的剪切速率分布、较平缓的温度分布和较强的分散与分布混合能力,但是其输送能力较小.     

PE–HD/GF复合带共挤数值模拟与实验制备

基于复合共挤成型原理,建立了高密度聚乙烯(PE–HD)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合共挤有限元模型,采用有限元软件Polyfl ow对流道内熔体的三维等温非牛顿流动行为进行了数值模拟,给出了GF以不同速度移动时流道内熔体压力和速度的分布特点及变化规律。根据数值模拟结果确定了挤出工艺参数,研制了共挤模具,制备了PE–HD/GF复合带,并进行了力学性能测试。结果表明,随着GF移动速度的提高,流道内压力减小,熔体在复合成型段挤出速度明显增加;GF移动速度达到一定值时熔体挤出速度均匀,移动速度过大则导致熔体速度分布不均匀。研制的PE–HD/GF复合带拉伸强度保留率可达GF的82%。     

鱼尾型片材机头内熔体流动的三维有限元模拟

利用ANSYS和MATLAB软件，对鱼尾型片材机头流道内熔体的速度、压力和剪切应力的分布进行三维有限元模拟和分析。通过对机头流道不同截面处熔体场量分布的模拟，探知了熔体在流道内的运动规律及特点，对口模设计具有一定的指导作用。     

螺杆轴向移动对塑化流场均匀性影响的三维仿真研究

采用Polyflow软件对相同工艺条件下螺杆挤出机和往复式螺杆注塑机塑化时计量段流道内熔体进行了三维非等温流动模拟。比较两者中温度场、黏度场、速度场及压力场分布。结果表明,挤出螺杆塑化时的温度和黏度分布更加均匀;注射螺杆后退有利于提高熔体输送能力,但挤出螺杆塑化更稳定。     

螺旋芯棒机头内熔体流动的分析及其数值模拟

本文对吹膜用螺旋芯棒机头内的熔体流动进行了非等温分析,建立了描述与温度相关的幂律熔体在机头内流动的数学模型,并给出了一套完整的数值分析和计算方法。为了度量熔体沿螺旋分流器园周各点的流动均匀性,我们提出了两个定量参数:(1)轴向纯漏流的分布均匀度 U;(2)螺旋流道未端的螺旋余流 Q_(3av)(x_(jo))。     

环形片材机头流道三维非等温流动的数值模拟

利用前期流变实验所获得的PP/CO_2粘度数据,对纯PP本构方程的各项参数进行修正。通过有限元软件Polyflow分析了含有发泡剂时聚丙烯在环形片材机头流道中的流动特性。模拟结果表明:流道压力场随着口模间隙、流道外壁温度和注气量的增大以及进料量的减小呈规律性的降低;口模间隙对压力场影响最大,口模间隙过大(>4 mm),流道即会出现过早的预发泡;注气量、进料量和口模间隙的变化基本不影响流道温度场。     

Analysis and simulation of calendering process of non-newtonian polymeric fluids

Maxwellian fluid flow between asymmetric calenders was analyzed by the numerical solution to the simplified equations of motion and energy equation. The solution techniques combined the power-law weighted upwind difference method for the energy equation with the analytical solution of the momentum equations. The calculated results provided not only pressure and temperature distributions of the flow field, but also the power consumption and the roll separating force of the calendering processes. The decrease in the elastic shear modulus led to the reduction in the temperature profile as well as in the power requirement. The asymmetry in the roll speeds generated higher temperature field throughout the whole flow region due to the higher viscous heating, compared with the case of the symmetry in the roll speeds.     

Study of the variables affecting pressure drop and temperature rise in blow molding dies

The extrusion head systems for both pipe and blow molding were analyzed theoretically and relationships derived between pressure drop and temperature rise for various materials at different flow rates and die restrictions. Because of the complexity of the geometry involved, the die was segmented into several sections axially and momentum and energy equations for these sections were solved with the help of IBM 360. The floating boundary conditions were used in order to take into account the nature of the flow phenomenon involved. To complement and support this theoretical work, rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bottle compounds were used to obtain extrusion data on a 3½ inch extruder with several different die sizes. A good agreement was found between the predicted versus experimental data. Results showed that temperature rise in the die systems in significant and that neglecting it would result in a gross error in the calculated pressure drop. Based on this work, a simplified version of the theoretical equation was developed to serve as an engineering tool in estimating pressure drop and stock temperature for a given material where extreme accuracy is not essential. Results of the engineering equation which contains several empirical constants correlate well with the data and support the theoretical effort.     

径向流动反应器流体力学特性研究进展

论述了流体在多孔流道中的变质量流动特性，建立了基于机械能全能量守恒方程和动量交换方程的径向反应器流体力学模型，分析了动量交换系数对流道静压分布计算的影响。结果表明，模型计算在小型或模拟设备中得到了证实，但在大型工业设备中是否适用尚待检验；建模理论分析中忽略了位能或重力的影响，均假设流体纯径向穿过催化床，此假设所隐含的模型适用条件尚待阐明。     

Numerical simulation of a single-screw plasticating extruder

A fully-predictive steady-state computer model has been developed for a single-screw plasticating extruder. Included in the model are a model for solids flow in the feed hopper; a variation of the Darnell and Mol model for the solids conveying zone; a variation of Tadmor's melting model for the melting zone; an implicit finite difference solution of the mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations for the melt-conveying zone of the extruder and die; and a predictive correlation for the extrudate swell at the die exit. A temperature- and shear-rate-dependent viscosity equation is used to describe the melt-flow behavior in the model. The parameters in the viscosity equation are obtained by applying regression analysis to Instron capillary rheometer data. Given the material and rheological properties of the polymer, the screw geometry and dimensions, and the extruder operating conditions, the following are predicted: flow rate of the polymer, pressure and temperature profiles along the extruder screw channel and in the die, and extrudate swell at the die exit. The predictions have been confirmed with experimental results from a 11/2 in. (38 mm) diameter, 24:1 L/D single-screw extruder with a 3/16 in. (4.76 mm) diameter cylindrical red die. High- and low-density polyethylene resins were used.     

管内稠密气固两相流数值模拟计算:颗粒动力学方法

基于稠密气固两相流流体动力学模型、颗粒动力学的颗粒湍动能模型 (KTGF)和气体湍动能模型(SGS) ,模拟计算结果得到了实验研究所揭示的环 -核流动结构 .模拟计算与Miller和Gidaspow的实验结果进行了比较 ,颗粒相浓度、速度和颗粒相动力黏性系数分布与实验值基本吻合 .     

基于Polyflow模拟的塑木建筑墙板异型材机头流道设计

以典型的宽幅大厚度聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑木建筑墙板为研究对象,以实际配方、工艺参数和设备结构参数为模拟条件,借助Polyflow有限元模拟软件,分析了机头压缩比、分流支架、阻力元件等结构对机头挤出过程速度场和压力场的影响,以熔体流速均匀分布为优化目标来逐步指导新流道的设计,获得了较优的机头流道结构参数,实现了基于流场模拟...     

一种螺旋流道辊的数值模拟及结构优化

对已有的螺旋流道辊模型进行合理简化,运用流场仿真软件Fluent对流道辊的温度场进行了仿真分析,得到了流道辊的温度场,从而得到了流道辊内流体速率、流体温度场、辊筒表面温度场等。通过分析模拟仿真结果,得到了辊筒外表面温度不均匀的原因,并在此基础上,以提高辊筒外表面的温度分布均匀性为目标,对流道结构进行多次改进,找出一种最佳方案,明显改善了辊筒端部的温度分布均匀性,使辊面的有效利用长度延长了约50 mm。     

Fluid mechanics analysis of a two-dimensional pultrusion die inlet

Fluid mechanics plays an important role in many manufacturing processes including the pultrusion of composite materials. The analysis of fluid mechanics problems generally involves determination of quantities such as pressure and velocity. During the pultrusion process, the short, tapered inlet region of the pultrusion die experiences a significant amount of fluid resin pressure rise. The quality of a pultruded product can be affected by the amount of pressure rise in the pultrusion die inlet. Void formation can be suppressed and good fiber “wet out” achieved by a sufficiently high pressure rise in the pultrusion die inlet region. In this study the change in fluid resin pressure rise as a function of die entrance geometry is investigated by developing a finite element model based on the assumptions of Darcy's law for flow in porous media. The momentum equations are combined with the continuity equation to save computational time and memory. A Galerkin weighted residual based finite element method is developed to solve the resulting equation. This model is capable of predicting the pressure rise in the tapered inlet region of the pultrusion die as well as the straight portion of the die. By varying the size of the preform plates the thickness of the fiber/resin matrix approaching the die inlet can be varied. The finite element model predicts the impact of changing the preform plate size on the fluid resin pressure rise in the pultrusion die. The effect of varying the wedge angle for a linearly tapered die inlet region is also studied using this model. The results in this work can be useful for designing a pultrusion die system.     

径向流固定床数学模型研究进展

简要阐述了径向流固定床反应器在化学工程中的重要性及研究该类流动问题的迫切性，回顾了文献中描述该反应器中流体流动的六类数学模型，提出了设计准则及均布措施，指出了存在的问题及解决的途径．