改进分子印迹固相萃取—高效液相色谱法同时 测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红含量

目的建立分子印迹固相萃取—高效液相色谱法同时测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红(苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ)的含量。方法改进GB/T19681-2005食品中苏丹红染料的检测方法高效液相色谱法中的试样处理方法,使用Welchrom~?SDH分子印迹固相萃取小柱对多种辣椒制品基质进行净化,并采用Ultimate~?XB-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈和水为流动相进行等度洗脱,于500 nm波长下测定。结果苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ在0.1～10.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r~2为0.9995～0.9999,回收率为88.9%～106.6%,检出限为0.01 mg/kg。结论该方法简便、灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于食品中4种苏丹红的定量分析。     

固相萃取-在线光化学衍生-荧光检测法同时测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红染料

建立了固相萃取-在线光化学衍生-荧光检测法同时测定辣椒制品中苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,B的方法。用丙酮和乙腈的混合溶液(2∶8)提取样品中4种苏丹红染料,提取液浓缩后经C18固相萃取柱净化,采用高效液相色谱进行分离,在线光化学衍生后进入荧光检测器测定,外标法定量。结果表明:4种苏丹红在0.10~1.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999;低、中、高3个不同加标浓度下,4种苏丹红的回收率均大于85%,相对标准偏差为1.58%~4.36%;方法的检出限(LOD)为0.30~0.45μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为1.00~1.50μg/kg。该方法具有重现性好、灵敏度高、结果准确的特点,适用于食品中苏丹红残留的分析检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ

目的建立准确可靠的高效液相色谱法测定食品中苏丹红I~IV的方法。方法用乙腈提取样品中的苏丹红,经漩涡超声离心后,将乙腈层倾倒出,用乙腈重复提取,通过凝胶色谱的净化,用液相色谱进行检测。其中凝胶色谱柱为Bio-BeadsTM S-X3 Beads,液相色谱柱为Waters C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),液相色谱流动相为乙腈-水(V:V,90:10)。结果 4种苏丹红染料的检出限均能达到10μg/kg,满足国标要求。标准加入量为0.16μg/m L浓度时,辣椒粉的回收率为92.5%~97.5%、辣椒酱的回收率为83.8%~87.5%、香肠的回收率为82.5%~98.8%,相关系数0.9995以上,且重复性良好。结论高效液相色谱法可以测定食品中苏丹红I~IV,适用于批量样品的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定鸡蛋中7种色素

目的建立同时测定鸡蛋中7种色素含量的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)法。方法鸡蛋样品用乙腈超声提取。经Phenomenex Kinetex F5(100 mm×3.0 mm,2.6μm)色谱柱分离,流动相A:0.1%的甲酸/水溶液;流动相B:0.1%的甲酸/乙腈溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱。电喷雾离子源(electrospray ionization,ESI)正离子多反应监测模式定量分析。结果7种色素在浓度1～20μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r~2≥0.998。叶黄素、角黄素、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ的检出限均为0.1μg/kg,核黄素的检出限为0.2μg/kg。7种色素在加标量2～10μg/kg范围内,回收率为80.2%～106.7%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～6.0%。结论该方法准确、快速、高效,可用于鸡蛋中色素的定性、定量分析。     

超高效液相色谱-串联四级杆质谱法测定辣椒制品中的4种苏丹红

本文采用与苏丹红染料作用更强的碱性氧化铝柱为固相萃取小柱,建立了超高效液相色谱-质谱法测定辣椒制品中4种苏丹红的测定方法。分别对提取溶剂、固相萃取小柱淋洗液、洗脱液及液相色谱条件进行了优化。10mL乙腈-二氯甲烷(3:2,V/V)混合溶液作为提取液,依次用10mL正己烷、4mL乙酸乙酯-正己烷(1:1,V/V)混合溶液作为淋洗液,12mL的5%酸化甲醇-乙酸乙酯(1:1,V/V)混合溶液作为洗脱液。采用ACQUITY BEHC18色谱柱(2.1×100mm,1.7μm),以0.3%甲酸乙腈溶液,0.3%甲酸水溶液为流动相,等度洗脱。4种苏丹红基质添加标准曲线在10~500μg/L的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.995。苏丹Ⅰ~Ⅳ的检出限分别为5.0、5.0、4.0、4.0μg/kg。在10~150μg/kg浓度范围做空白样品添加实验,平均回收率在71.4~104.2%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)在4.6~8.9%之间。应用本方法测试380份样品,其中阳性样品36份,阳性样品检出组分主要为苏丹Ⅳ。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速筛查辣椒粉中10种苏丹类色素

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速分析辣椒粉中苏丹橙G、苏丹黄、苏丹红G、苏丹红7B、苏丹蓝Ⅱ、苏丹黑B、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ和苏丹红Ⅳ等10种苏丹类色素的方法。样品经正己烷提取,于40℃下氮气吹干后,用1mL乙腈溶解,用ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C_(18)(3.0mm×100mm,1.8μm)分离,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。在全扫描模式下提取10种苏丹类色素的保留时间和一级母离子精确质量数以及同位素丰度比,实现了对辣椒粉中10种苏丹类色素的快速测定;以自动触发采集的二级碎片离子精确质量数进行确证。结果表明,目标化合物的线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)大于0.99;各化合物的检出限不大于25.0μg/kg,回收率为81.6%~109.3%,相对标准偏差为5.3%~8.9%。该方法简单、准确、快速,适用于辣椒粉中10种苏丹类色素的方法的快速筛查。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定禽蛋中 苏丹红的残留量

目的建立禽蛋中苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ染料残留的液相色谱-串联质谱的检测方法。方法禽蛋样品中的苏丹红经溶解、冷冻离心及过滤提取纯化,经ZorbaxSB-C_(18)(2.1 mm×50 mm, 3.5μm)色谱柱,以乙腈和0.2%的甲酸水溶液为流动相进行等度洗脱,温度为35℃,流速为0.2mL/min,外标法定量。结果在1～50μg/kg的浓度范围内,线性关系良好(r0.99),样品中的检出限0.5μg/kg,分析时间仅为5 min,加标回收率为69.5%～108.2%,相对标准偏差为1.6%～17.5%。结论该方法准确、快速、灵敏度高,适用于禽蛋中苏丹红染料的测定。     

分子印迹固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定油茶籽油中16种多环芳烃

为稳定可靠地分析油茶籽油中多环芳烃,建立了分子印迹固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱测定油茶籽油中16种多环芳烃方法。样品经正己烷溶解后,分别采用反相固相萃取HLB小柱、弗罗里硅土小柱和分子印迹固相萃取小柱对16种多环芳烃进行净化。以回收率和基质效应为考察指标评估3种固相萃取柱的净化,在此基础上,对净化液进行低温低速氮吹浓缩,多反应监测扫描模式下进行气相色谱-串联质谱检测,外标法定量。结果表明：分子印迹固相萃取小柱对16种多环芳烃的净化效果最佳;16种多环芳烃在质量浓度1～50μg/L范围内线性关系良好(R²≥0.995 1),检出限为0.01～0.20μg/kg,在2、10μg/kg和20μg/kg加标水平下的回收率为71.5%～116.3%,相对标准偏差为1.5%～13.8%。该方法具有灵敏度高、检出限低、重复性好等特点,适用于油茶籽油中16种多环烃的测定。     

辣椒制品中的苏丹红检测方法的优化

优化了辣椒及其制品中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的检测方法。样品经固相萃取净化后,以乙腈和0.75%的乙酸水为流动相,梯度洗脱,经C18柱分离,于500nm波长下检测。结果表明:苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ在0.08~2.56μg/mL时有良好的线性关系,在添加浓度为0.15~1.28μg/mL时,辣椒粉中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ回收率为86.2%~97.7%;辣椒油中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ回收率为87.2%~94.8%;辣椒酱中苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ回收率为82.7%~92.0%。苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的检出限分别为0.03,0.05,0.03,0.06μg/mL。实验表明:优化后的方法比国标GB/T 19681-2005方法耗时短,灵敏度高,简便,重现性好,适于实验室的日常检测。     

在线固相萃取-高效液相色谱法快速检测辣椒粉中的苏丹红

建立在线固相萃取-高效液相色谱快速检测辣椒粉中苏丹红染料的方法。样品经乙腈超声提取离心过滤后直接进样,在富集柱上进行纯化和富集,通过阀的切换把富集柱上的被测组分苏丹红转移至分析柱上分离,外标峰面积法定量。四种苏丹红在1~200 ng/m L浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系(r≥0.9992),检出限为1.0~1.95 ng/g,加标回收率为86.2%~101.6%,相对标准偏差小于6.18%。该方法简单,快速,准确可靠,满足辣椒粉中苏丹红染料的快速检测要求。     

三种专用固相萃取柱-高效液相色谱法检测食品中苏丹红含量

建立了专用固相萃取柱-高效液相色谱法检测食品中苏丹红Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的方法。样品经过正己烷提取,通过苏丹红专用固相萃取柱净化和富集,40℃水浴旋蒸至干后用甲基叔丁基醚-甲醇(体积比4:6)溶解定容,借助Waters Symmetry C₁₈色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)分离,以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。结果表明,四种苏丹红在0.16~2.56 μg/mL内线性相关系数(r)均大于0.9999,不同食品的检出限在2.3~9.7 mg/kg之间。不同品牌的苏丹红专用固相萃取柱去除基质干扰和富集目标物的能力不同,可根据食品种类选择合适的固相萃取柱。ProElut SDH SPE柱普遍适用于不同种类食品的前处理;CNW Poly-sery MIP-SDR SPE柱适用于除辣椒粉以外的大部分食品的前处理;Cleanert Sudan SPE柱适用于浅色、低油脂食品的前处理。对六种食品加标2.0 mg/kg,经过ProElut SDH SPE柱处理后,回收率为83.7%~91.1%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~6.2%(n=6)。该方法净化和富集效果理想,与GB/T 19681-2005相比,具有操作简便、重复性好、准确度高、分析时间短、节省溶剂等特点。     

Interference-free simultaneous determination of Sudan dyes in chili foods using solid phase extraction coupled with HPLC–DAD

A simple, rapid, inexpensive and robust solid phase extraction (SPE) cleanup method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) for the determination of four Sudan dyes in chili products was developed. The interference substances were removed completely by normal SPE-Alumina N, resulting in a clean and interference-free baseline. Without the use of expensive LCMS/MS instrument the low levels of Sudan dyes were identified and quantified in chili foods with good precision and recovery. Depending on the Sudan dyes involved, the limit of determination (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were in the range of 4.1–5.8 and 13.2–19.1 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery, repeatability and reproducibility varied from 93.2% to 103%, from 0.3% to 4.4%, and from 0.6% to 4.9%, respectively. This method is suitable for the routine analysis of Sudan dyes for the common factory laboratory due to its sensitivity, simplicity, convenience and low-cost.     

Simultaneous quantitative determination of Sudan dyes using liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure photoionization–tandem mass spectrometry

Atmospheric pressure photoionization–tandem mass spectrometry (APPI–MS/MS) method has been developed for quantitative determination of Sudan I to IV dyes. This study demonstrates the applicability of a simple isocratic normal phase HPLC method using isopropanol (0.3%) in n-hexane as the mobile phase for the separation of these dyes. A simple extraction procedure using n-hexane has been applied for the extraction of these dyes from spiked samples of chilli powder and tomato sauce. The quantitative determination of Sudan I to IV is obtained from the spiked tomato sauce and chilli powder samples by external standard method under single reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The study includes a detailed investigation on LOD, LOQ, linearity and recovery of Sudan I to IV dyes. The LOD ranged from 5–18 μg/l and LOQ ranged from 10–24 μg/l. The present method can be a powerful analytical tool for the simultaneous quantitative determination of Sudan dyes present in food products.     

高效液相色谱-线性离子阱质谱法测定辣椒制品中23种工业染料

目的 建立辣椒酱和辣椒面中23种违禁工业染料的高效液相色谱-线性离子阱质谱(HPLC-LIT-MS)测定方法.方法 样品经乙腈超声提取,目标化合物在梯度洗脱程序下经RP-Amide色谱柱分离后,采用HPLC-LIT-MS进行二级质谱选择反应监测(SRM)模式进行测定.结果 辣椒酱和辣椒面基质中23种工业染料添加水平为0.3、0.6和1.2 mg/kg时,回收率分别为73.9％～133.3％和77.2％ ～128.4％,检出限(LODs)为0.5～ 56.0 μg/kg,定量限(LOQs)为2.0～ 186.0 μg/kg.结论 该方法快速简便,精密度和准确度均满足辣椒酱和辣椒面中23种工业染料的痕量分析要求.对73份辣椒制品进行检测,两份样品检出罗丹明B、碱性橙和苏丹红Ⅳ.     

基质固相分散-高效液相色谱法测定川味香肠中的苏丹红染料

建立了川味香肠中苏丹红I～IV的基质固相分散(MSPD)-高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法。样品以无水硫酸钠作为分散基体,研磨均匀后与中性氧化铝同时装柱,正己烷淋洗净化,以丙酮-正己烷(5∶95,V/V)溶液洗脱。用InertsilODS-spC18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)进行分离,流动相A为含0.1%甲酸的甲醇,流动相B为0.02mol/L的乙酸铵溶液(A∶B=85∶15,V/V),等度洗脱,柱温40℃。二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长为490nm,利用保留时间和光谱图定性,外标法定量。4种苏丹红染料在0.10～50.00μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9999,苏丹红I、II、III、IV的检出限(LOD)分别为0.008～0.011mg/kg(信噪比S/N=3)。在添加浓度为5.0～25.0mg/kg范围内平均回收率达85.54%～94.66%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.87%～4.23%(n=6)。     

Determination of 23 Dyes in Chili Powder and Paste by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A sensitive and comprehensive method was developed to determine 23 prohibited dyes in chili powder and paste by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Target compounds were simultaneously extracted from chili samples with acetonitrile and purified using freezing-lipid filtration. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters UPLC BEH C18 column (100× 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) with gradient elution. Detection and quantification were performed using mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, recovery, precision, and limit of quantification (LOQ), using spiked chili powder and paste samples. The average recoveries of analytes were 58.6–122.1%, with relative standard deviations between 1.0% and 18.9%. The LOQs ranged from 0.2 to 50 μg/kg. This method was successfully applied to chili powder and paste obtained from local markets. Chrysoidine, Rhodamine B, Orange II, and Sudan I and IV were detected in several samples.     

Rapid Analysis of Multiple Sudan Dyes in Chili Flakes Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Coupled with Au–Ag Core-Shell Nanospheres

Sudan dyes are often illegally added as colorants into a variety of foodstuffs and have been tied to many food safety issues. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with Au–Ag core-shell nanospheres (Au@Ag) was applied to analyze standard solutions of Sudan I–IV and Sudan dyes in chili flakes. With the use of 90 ± 5 nm Au@Ag (Au seed 20 ± 2 nm) as SERS substrate, the lowest detectible concentrations for Sudan I and II were 0.10 mg/L, for Sudan III was 0.08 mg/L, and for Sudan IV was 0.2 mg/L. The use of principal component analysis (PCA) could successfully classify different Sudan dyes based upon the SERS spectra of their standard solutions. For chili flakes, the use of acetonitrile as extraction solvent led to an overall higher sensitivity for analysis of Sudan dyes with SERS method compared to that of methanol, ethanol, and n-hexane. The lowest detectible concentrations for Sudan I–III in chili flakes were 1 mg/kg and for Sudan IV was 2 mg/kg, which were about ten times as much as that for their standard solutions due to the interference of non-target compounds from sample matrices. Partial least squares (PLS) models developed for quantitative analyses showed relatively high linear correlation between the actual and predicted amounts of Sudan dyes in chili flakes (R ² _cv = 0.869–0.959). The results showed great potential of applying Au@Ag as SERS substrate for qualitative and quantitative analysis of Sudan I–IV with simplified sample preparation method.     

固相分散萃取-高效液相色谱法测定郫县豆瓣中四种苏丹红染料的研究

建立了郫县豆瓣中苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ的固相分散萃取(SPDE)-高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法。样品用无水硫酸钠作为分散剂,以乙腈提取样品中的苏丹红,提取液用中性氧化铝层析柱进行净化。用Inertsil ODS-sp C18柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm))分离,流动相A为乙腈,流动相B为0.1%甲酸水溶液(A∶B为90∶10,V/V),等度洗脱,流速1mL/min,柱温40℃。二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长为517nm,利用保留时间和光谱图定性,外标法定量。4种苏丹红染料在0.10～20.00μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.9999,苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ的检出限(LOD)分别为0.009～0.013mg/kg(信噪比S/N=3)。在添加浓度为0.5～10.0mg/kg范围内平均回收率达81.67%～93.28%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.07%～4.61%(n=6)。     

苏丹红Ⅰ免疫亲和柱的研制与鉴定

以羧基化的琼脂糖凝胶4FF为载体,采用碳化二亚胺法偶联抗苏丹红Ⅰ(SudanⅠ)单克隆抗体,制备苏丹红Ⅰ免疫亲和柱(IAC)。将SudanⅠ样品过免疫亲和柱,乙腈洗脱后以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测,紫外检测波长为478nm,流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈-0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液-丙酮(体积比为21.25:3.75:60:15)。抗SudanⅠ单克隆抗体免疫亲和柱以0.3g带羧基的琼脂糖凝胶4FF与1mg SudanⅠ单抗偶联,柱容量为1.6μg。辣椒粉以0.25～3mg/kg水平添加SudanⅠ标准品,平均回收率为44.52%～77.40%,相对标准偏差为4.6%～8.3%。信噪比(RSN)为3:1时的最低检测限为15ng/mL。本实验成功制备出苏丹红免疫亲和柱。     

高效萃取体系RP-HPLC测定食品中的对位红和苏丹红

本文研究使用高效萃取体系,建立反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)同时测定食品中对位红、苏丹红Ⅰ～Ⅳ号及苏丹红7B.样品用甲醇-乙腈-丙酮萃取液提取,采用聚硅烷C1s色谱柱(Shiseido C18 150mm×4.6 mm i.d,5μm)分离以水-乙腈为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,等度洗脱;用紫外-可见光二极管阵...