Dynamic and comprehensive trust model for IoT and its integration into RPL

Ensuring security in IoT routing protocols is more challenging due to the fact that devices are mobile, resource constrained, and heterogeneous. The routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPL) as the de facto routing protocol for IoT provides a little protection against routing attacks. On the other hand, the standard RPL because of the use of a single metric in routing has limitations that ultimately results in loss of network performance. To overcome the limitations of the use of a single metric and to prevent the consequences of routing attacks, we used the concept of trust and propose dynamic and comprehensive trust model for IoT (DCTM-IoT) and integrate it into RPL (DCTM-RPL). We provide a comprehensive hierarchical model for trusting of things in IoT, which has a multi-dimensional vision of trust. We put the combination of metrics and necessary activities to deal with attacks under the umbrella of trust level calculation. The performance of DCTM-RPL is compared with the standard RPL protocol in mobile environment and under routing major attacks. DCTM-RPL demonstrates its superior performance over the standard RPL protocol in the detection and isolation attacks. The DCTM-RPL, in addition to resistance mitigating routing attacks, improves network performance.

     

QoS-aware path switching for VoIP traffic using SCTP

Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) has been a prevalent multimedia service nowadays. It allows us to transmit voice data over IP networks. However, quality of service (QoS) is a major challenge to VoIP services. It must provide similar quality to traditional public switched telephone network or cellular phone services. Therefore, QoS related protocols have become important for real-time applications. Multi-protocol label switch (MPLS) is one of the important techniques to improve the network performance from QoS point of view. It employs label swapping to speed up packet forwarding. However, when a large number of users utilize VoIP services, the network congestion issue still exists. It causes delay, jitter and packet loss that affect VoIP QoS. In this paper, we propose a QoS-aware path switching strategy by using stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) in MPLS network to improve the VoIP traffic. This was done by employing SCTP selective acknowledgment mechanism to report the transmission parameters of primary path and to determine the criteria to switch to backup path. Simulation results show significant improvement in VoIP QoS.     

IOTSim: A simulator for analysing IoT applications

A disruptive technology that is influencing not only computing paradigm but every other business is the rise of big data. Internet of Things (IoT) applications are considered to be a major source of big data. Such IoT applications are in general supported through clouds where data is stored and processed by big data processing systems. In order to improve the efficiency of cloud infrastructure so that they can efficiently support IoT big data applications, it is important to understand how these applications and the corresponding big data processing systems will perform in cloud computing environments. However, given the scalability and complex requirements of big data processing systems, an empirical evaluation on actual cloud infrastructure can hinder the development of timely and cost effective IoT solutions. Therefore, a simulator supporting IoT applications in cloud environment is highly demanded, but such work is still in its infancy. To fill this gap, we have designed and implemented IOTSim which supports and enables simulation of IoT big data processing using MapReduce model in cloud computing environment. A real case study validates the efficacy of the simulator.     

Optimizing bandwidth allocation for heterogeneous traffic in IoT

In Internet of Things (IoT), there generally exist two typical types of heterogeneous flows with different requirements: inelastic media flow (e.g., the monitoring flow) and elastic data flow (e.g., the environment info from measurement). These heterogeneous flows often coexist for sharing the limited bandwidth. Despite substantial works, a simple yet efficient approach to economically allocate bandwidth for these two types of flows is still not available. In this paper, we propose two methods to optimize the bandwidth allocation of these flows: the network-utility-maximization-based (NUM) method and the asymptotic analysis method. The NUM method provides a general solution to the optimization problem, but requires a certain computational complexity. The asymptotic analysis method delves into the inherent property of the network and explicitly expresses the solution in terms of protocol parameters and traffic requirements. Extensive simulations verify that the two methods are very accurate and can well achieve the desired objectives.     

基于CoAP协议的泛在电力物联网拥塞控制算法

泛在电力物联网具有接入节点数多、设备资源受限的特点,易发生网络拥塞而导致电力信息流丢失、时延过大等问题.基于受限应用协议(CoAP)的泛在电力物联网应用层通信架构,提出一种链路稳定性的CoAP拥塞控制(L-CoCC)算法.通过强、弱和失败消息往返时间来确定网络环境状态并平滑估计超时重传时间(RTO),根据超时重传次数和...     

Offloading mobile data traffic for QoS-aware service provision in vehicular cyber-physical systems

Owing to the increasing number of vehicles in vehicular cyber-physical systems (VCPSs) and the growing popularity of various services or applications for vehicles, cellular networks are being severely overloaded. Offloading mobile data traffic through Wi-Fi or a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a promising solution for partially solving this problem because it involves almost no monetary cost. We propose combination optimization to facilitate mobile data traffic offloading in emerging VCPSs to reduce the amount of mobile data traffic for the QoS-aware service provision. We investigate mobile data traffic offloading models for Wi-Fi and VANET. In particular, we model mobile data traffic offloading as a multi-objective optimization problem for the simultaneous minimization of mobile data traffic and QoS-aware service provision; we use mixed-integer programming to obtain the optimal solutions with the global QoS guarantee. Our simulation results confirm that our scheme can offload mobile data traffic by up to 84.3% while satisfying the global QoS guarantee by more than 70% for cellular networks in VCPSs.     

HSIR: hybrid architecture for sensor identification and registration for IoT applications

Internet of things is the backbone of the smart applications, which attracts many types of research on the state-of-the-art network applications. Enormous research on sensor networks left more devices that are sensible in the day-to-day life. Hence, implementing new sensor networks for smart applications is not necessary. Many researchers have accepted and utilized existing networks for their request. In this case, techniques for identifying and registering existing sensible things are on demand. This paper proposed a hybrid framework for sensor identification and registration (HSIR) for new IoT applications. This research proposing HSIR as a framework aimed for user-friendliness in the IoT as well as addressed toward the scalability requirement of IoT applications. This model uses content- and context-based multicast communication instead of broadcast to reduce energy and time consumption in sensor identification. HSIR also proposed a public key to register the new network for application requirements. The behaviour of the proposed model has been assayed in realistic with simulations and proved by comparing other models.

     

An integrated runtime QoS-aware middleware framework for distributed multimedia applications

Future-generation distributed multimedia applications are expected to be highly scalable to a wide variety of heterogeneous devices, and highly adaptive across wide-area distributed environments. This demands multiple stages of run-time support in QoS-aware middleware architectures, particularly, probing the performance of QoS parameters, instantiating the initial component configurations, and adapting to on-the-fly variations. However, few of the past experiences in related work have shown comprehensive run-time support in all of the above stages – they often design and build a middleware framework by focusing on only one of the run-time issues. In this paper, we argue that distributed multimedia applications need effective run-time middleware support in all these stages to be highly scalable and adaptive across a wide variety of execution environments. Nevertheless, the design of such a middleware framework should be kept as streamlined and simple as possible, leading to a novel and integrated run-time middleware platform to unify the probing, instantiation and adaptation stages. In addition, for each stage, the framework should enable the interaction of peer middleware components across host boundaries, so that the corresponding middleware function can be performed in a coordinated and coherent fashion. We present the design of such an integrated architecture, with a case study to illustrate how it is simple yet effective to monitor and configure complex multimedia applications.     

A resource elasticity framework for QoS-aware execution of cloud applications

Cloud infrastructures consisting of heterogeneous resources are increasingly being utilized for hosting large-scale distributed applications from diverse users with discrete needs. The multifarious cloud applications impose varied demands for computational resources along with multitude of performance implications. Successful hosting of cloud applications necessitates service providers to take into account the heterogeneity existing in the behavior of users, applications and system resources while respecting the user’s agreed Quality of Service (QoS) criteria. In this work, we propose a QoS-Aware Resource Elasticity (QRE) framework that allows service providers to make an assessment of the application behavior and develop mechanisms that enable dynamic scalability of cloud resources hosting the application components. Experimental results conducted on the Amazon EC2 cloud clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach while complying with the agreed QoS attributes of users.     

Congestion removing performance of stackable ROADM in WDM networks under dynamic traffic

Congestion removing performance has been investigated in IP-over-CWDM networks with reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs) for the best-effort transmissions specified by the service level agreement (SLA). Mathematical models and experimental results for two approaches: automated addition of new lightpath and creation of a static bypass route in other existing lightpaths, were presented in this paper. The experimental results clarified that the congestions were removed successfully in both the approaches. Addition of new lightpath approach can provide effective adjustment of larger traffic whereas the creation of a static bypass route approach can provide fine granularity adjustment of small traffic to be switched without lightpath reconfiguration. The degraded throughput was recovered within the recovery time specified by the SLA.     

Catalog of invisibility correlations for UbiComp and IoT applications

Requirements Engineering - The advance of Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) and Internet of Things (IoT) brought a new set of Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs), especially related to Human-Computer...     

Optimized mobility management for RPL/6LoWPAN based IoT network architecture using the firefly algorithm

RPL (Routing Protocol for low-power and Lossy Networks) is a new attractive model that secures the networks from different routing risks. The dynamic environment and limited resources motivated the research towards identifying a stable, reliable, energy efficient, and scalable routing design. IPv6 over low-power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) is a standard RPL IPv6 routing protocol that provides Low power and Lossy Networks (LLNs) interoperability. In this research work, an energy efficient and optimization-based mobility management framework in RPL routing protocol was proposed (mRPL-based firefly optimization algorithm) to achieve a reliable and stable protocol. From the results, it can be inferred that the proposed system (mRPL+firefly optimizer) showed better performance with regard to the Packet_Delivery_Ratio (PDR), number of hops, End_To_End delay and power consumption when compared to existing systems: RPL, mRPL, mRPL+PSO, and mRPL+ACO. The experimental outcome showed that the proposed system improved the PDR on an average of 2.31% in comparison with existing systems.     

Enhancing speed of SIMON: A light-weight-cryptographic algorithm for IoT applications

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Multimedia communication is revolutionizing all major spheres of human life. The advent of IoT and its applications in many fields like sensing, healthcare and...     

Graph-based technique for survivability assessment and optimization of IoT applications

International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer - The Internet of Things (IoT) has evolved from theoretical research to market deployment. The IoT will enable a plethora of new...     

Location-based IoT applications on campus: The IoTtalk approach

The National Chiao Tung University is deploying several location-based IoT applications on campus based on an IoT device management platform called IoTtalk. The applications include dog tracking, emergency buttons, and indoor/outdoor environment conditions monitoring (PM2.5, temperature, CO₂, and so on). Some of the IoT devices for these applications have simple hardware structures to save energy, and therefore are not equipped with the positioning sensors (e.g., GPS or iBeacon). To support mobility management for these simple IoT devices, we develop a location finding mechanism in IoTtalk. By introducing the locator device in IoTtalk, we can effectively support mobility management for simple IoT devices that does not have location positioning capability. We describe how to develop the device applications to accommodate the location update feature, and show how to configure the location finding mechanism through the IoTtalk GUI. Then we conduct analytic analysis and simulation to investigate the accuracy of location tracking and power consumption for the dog tracking application.     

NBA: novel bio-inspired algorithm for energy optimization in WSN for IoT applications

The Journal of Supercomputing - Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are the integral part of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. They consist of many sensor nodes energized by batteries. These...     

Causal effect analysis-based intrusion detection system for IoT applications

International Journal of Information Security - Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are employed at various levels in the network to either detect or prevent an intrusion that could cause...     

基于集成学习的物联网设备异常流量检测算法

随着物联网设备数量的快速增长,被劫持的物联网设备组成的僵尸网络发起非法攻击的频率大大增加,物联网设备的安全性已经成为一个严峻的问题。为了检测物联网设备发起的异常流量,提出一种集成学习的个体学习器选择算法（individual learner selection algorithm,IISA）,IISA是一种基于相关系数度量的选择方法,利用相关系数将相似度差异大的个体学习器集成起来并采用投票的方式进行判决,在减少个体学习器的同时,提高检测的准确度和检测效率。实验结果表明,和八种半监督机器学习检测算法相比,其查全率最大降低9.12%,准确率最大提高4.69%,检测效率最大提高70.72%。     

Secure authenticated key exchange for WSNs in IoT applications

The Journal of Supercomputing - Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the key technological building block of Internet of Things (IoT), by which remote users can access the real-time data from the...