AWG器件设计方法的改进和器件性能分析

采用2点及3点Stigmatic points方法设计阵列波导光栅（AWG）器件，对传统的Rowland圆结构设计做了改进。比较分析了传统设计和改进设计AWG器件的像差，讨论了阵列波导的接收孔径及输入光信号的等效高斯光束发散角对AWG器件性能的影响。指出了传统的Rowland圆结构设计在设计高通道数AWG器件时存在的边缘通道性能劣化问题，采用多点Stigmatic points方法设计能很好地解决这一问题。     

聚合物阵列波导光栅复用器的研究

介绍了聚合物阵列波导光栅（AWG）复用器的基本原理，进而用Al掩模制做聚合物AWG光波导。结果表明：AWG器件的制做工艺，Al掩模技术明显优于厚胶掩模技术。用这种技术制备的器件，其结构指标与理论设计相符合而且波导在1.55μm处实现了单模传输。     

锥面AWG能量密度及其色散特性的研究

基于阵列波导光栅(AWG)的结构特点，采用Bloch函数近似算法，建立了锥面波导的结构模型，考虑信号在波导中的辐射特性，讨论锥面AWG能量密度及其散射特性。结合作者前期在锥面AWG波导结构参数的研究工作，对锥面AWG进行了仿真计算。数值结果表明：锥面AWG布里渊区的中心区域辐射能量最大，并得到传输系数与轴向距离2及衍射角的关系，计算得到的基本参数与仿真结果相吻合。     

阵列波导光栅的最近研究进展

阵列波导光栅(AWG)是密集波分复用(DWDM)光网络中的关键器件。本文分析了AWG的原理及其性能参数，综述了一些改进其性能的方法，并阐述了AWG在波长路由器、光分插复用器(13ADM)和光交叉互连(OXC)等方面的应用。     

阵列波导光栅复用器优化设计的数值计算

阵列波导光栅(AWG)复用／解复用器的优化设计计算是集成光波导器件设计计算中的难点．文章应用AWG光信号传输特性和光栅方程，提出了AWG组成部分输入／输出波导、阵列波导、平板波导相关参数及阵列波导结构优化设计的数值计算方法，给出了具体的计算数值；该计算方法解决了AWG复用器优化设计计算的问题，为进一步建立AWG的计算机辅助设计提供了基础．     

用于阵列波导光栅(AWG)的材料及其特性分析

AWG器件是目前光通信元器件中重要的研究课题，而材料是决定AWG性能的基础。本文主要分析了硅基材料、聚合物和磷化甸基等材料在AWG制作技术中的材料特性与应用特点，同时展示了AWG在光通信领域中的应用前景。     

AWG插入损耗性能的分析和改善

阵列波导光栅(AWG)是实现密集波分复用(DWDM)光网络的理想器件，插入损耗是它的一个重要性能指标．文章在综述了多种减小AWG器件插入损耗方法的基础上，分析了如何使用楔形波导结构来降低模式失配所导致的耦合损耗．这种方法可以在不增加器件制作难度的同时大大降低AWG的插入损耗，并且适用于各种材料和结构的AWG器件设计。     

阵列波导光栅及其应用

介绍了阵列波导光栅(AWG)的结构、复用／解复用的基本原理以及AWG在光纤通信网络中的应用，较全面描述了AWG的开发现状。     

一种简化的基于BPM的AWG优化设计方法

根据阵列波导光栅(AWG)的结构特点,提出了一种基于光传播算法的AWG简化数值模型.利用简化数值模型研究了4×4 AWG的光传输特性,计算得到的基本参数与设计完全符合,归一化光谱响应与实验结果也完全一致.设计并研究了一个插入损耗小,各信道光谱响应幅度均一的1×4 AWG.     

阵列波导光栅制作关键技术

介绍了阵列波导光栅（AWG）在设计中要考虑的主要结构参数，制作材料，误差来源等，论述了利用CAD制作AWG所需SiO2光波导的化学过程及其特点，给出了我们制作的光波导的测试数据。给出了通过调整局部设计数据而得到的较好面型的激光直写AWG图形。介绍了我们利用PIE刻蚀得到的AWG实验电影片和利用ICP刻蚀AWG的可行性。     

基于阵列波导光栅的波分复用器件

阵列波导光栅波分复用 /解复用器有 N个输入端口和 N个输出端口 ,能同时传输 N2 路不同的光信号 ,除具有波分复用和解复用功能外 ,能灵活地与其它光器件组成多波长激光器、光路分插复用器、光路交叉连接器、波长路由器等波分复用器件 ,在光通信网络中有着广泛的应用前景。     

单侧耦合16×0.8nm阵列波导光栅的设计、制备及测试

介绍了一种新型16通道、100GHz通道间隔的硅基二氧化硅单侧耦合阵列波导光栅(AWG).通过增加一个Y分支波导结构,并且将AWG的输入、输出波导等间距整齐排列,实现了仅用一个光纤阵列进行AWG器件的耦合封装.这种AWG的结构设计可以有效地减小器件尺寸,增加波导结构的弯曲半径,减少器件抛光及耦合时间,并降低器件成本.     

Configuration of more than N DWDM channels with only one N × N cyclic-AWG-based wavelength routing device

A wavelength routing device based on only one N × N cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) having easy extended channels configuration is presented in this paper. It is easy to extend the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) channel configuration through this wavelength routing device. According to the cyclic wavelength of AWG, the wavelength routing devices are easy to configure more than N extended DWDM channels through cascading more proper tunable fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). With only one 8 × 8 AWG, two different wavelength routing structures were built to evaluate static crosstalk and the bit-error-rate (BER). Three of the 16 inputted DWDM channels were demonstrated to verify that the proposed wavelength routing device, with only one 8 × 8 AWG, could configure extended DWDM channels without interfering with other channels. The results show that the wavelength routing device can produces a better performance and offers a cheaper way to extend the DWDM channel configuration for a dynamic network.     

New concept in long-reach PON Planning: BER-aware wavelength allocation

With the use of arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and erbium-doped-fiber amplifier (EDFA), the long-reach passive optical network (LR-PON) can provide enormous bandwidth over large distances. However, these new technologies can also deteriorate the receivers' bit-error rate (BER) performance. By bringing the concept of BER-awareness into network planning, we can alleviate the performance deterioration, which could in turn lead to simpler design of receiver and thus lower the total cost of LR-PON.The effects of AWG and EDFA on BER are studied in this paper. An analytical model of BER performance is developed as a function of the output port location in the AWG and the distance of the receiver from the AWG. Not only does the proposed model capture the power loss caused by AWG, but it also accounts for several transmission impairments, including the beat noise due to inter-channel crosstalk in the AWG, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise related to EDFA, and the thermal noise related to the receiver. Based on this model, we propose both short-term and long-term distance-aware wavelength allocation schemes, which balance the BER among the optical network units (ONUs) at different distance. Simulation results show that average BER improves and the relative standard deviation decreases.     

A novel fabrication approach for an athermal arrayed-waveguide grating

A novel method for fabricating an athermal AWG is proposed, using a unique apparatus for ITU-T center wavelength adjustment and optical coupling of two cut-parts. UV adhesive or sticky gel is applied into the gap between the cut-elements and the alignment base substrate by capillary infiltration. The spectrum profiles are almost the same as those of the original chip state, and no deterioration is observed resulting from athermalization. Flat-top athermal AWG modules of 100 GHz×40 ch are fabricated. Over a temperature range of-40 to 85℃, the center wavelength shift is±22 pm, and the insertion loss change is less than ±0.11 dB.     

WDM-PON中基于AWG的新型OVPN研究

在波分复用无源光网络(WDM-PON)中,提出了一种基于阵列波导光栅(AWG)的新型光虚拟专用网(OVPN)。OVPN采用环形结构,在不同光网络单元(ONU)之间使用波长通道直接通信,不仅保证了ONU之间通信的安全性,而且提高了网络生存性。分别从光功率损耗和系统误码率(BER)进行了数值分析,结果表明,本文结构不仅增加了通信的安全性,而且仅使用4个波长就能实现16个ONU的相互联接,从而节省了波长资源,且具有很强的抗串扰能力。     

Optoelectronic Packaging of Arrayed-Waveguide Grating Modules and Their Environmental Stability Tests

We designed and fabricated arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) modules with thermoelectric coolers/heaters. At these modules we measured the optical fiber-chip coupling loss and the optical reflections. Further we investigated the temperature stability of the center wavelengths. The fabricated AWGs had 8 and 16 channels, respectively, with a spacing of 0.8 nm (100 GHz) at 1540 nm center wavelength. The measurements show that the center wavelength could be kept constant within ±0.015 nm at ambient temperatures between 0 to 40 °C. The center wavelength could be tuned over 0.3 nm by temperature adjustment. We performed environmental tests that revealed a good mechanical stability of the AWG modules.     

Design and Fabrication of Polymer Arrayed Waveguide Grating

1　IntroductionTheArrayedWaveguideGrating(AWG)multi plexerisanimportantopticaldeviceforWavelengthDivisionMultiplexing (WDM )inopticaltelecom municationsystems[1～ 5] .Thisdevicecanoffersomebasicfunctionsincludingmultiplexing/demultiplex ing ,add/dropmultiplexingandN×Ninterconnec tion.Also,itpossessessomeadvantages,suchasnarrowerwavelengthspacing ,moresignalchannels,lowercrosstalkandsmootherpassbands.AWGmul tiplexers[6～1 0 ] havebeenfabricatedusingsilicas,InPandpolymers.Amongthem ,apo…     

阵列波导光栅在二维光CDMA系统中的应用研究

分析了二维光CDMA系统及系统中采用的地址码的特点,介绍了阵列波导光栅(AWG)的功能,给出了三种基于AWG的二维光CD MA编解码器的结构及其工作原理。最后以二维光正交码为例,分析了采用AWG编解码器的二维系统的性能.结果表明,AWG编解码器可以实现多波长二维光CDMA系统中地址码的快速编解码功能,使系统容量达到Tbit/s量级。     

Proposal for a novel and simple WDM NRZ-DPSK system

A novel and simple non-return-to-zero differential phase shift keying (NRZ-DPSK) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system, which can simultaneously demultiplex and demodulate multiple wavelengths, is proposed and investigated in this paper.The phase-to-intensity demodulation principle is based on detuned filtering, which is achieved by using a single commercial array waveguide grating (AWG) in our scheme.By properly choosing appropriate AWG channels at the transmitter, the AWG at the receiver can act as both the demultiplexer and the demodulator of the DPSK signals.Simulations at 10, 20, and 40 Gbit/s show good flexibility and performance for the proposed system.