UPR/纳米SiO2复合材料的制备

目前UPR／纳米SiO2复合材料的制备方法有包括原位聚合法、共混法、分子自组装及组装法，研究了UPR／纳米SiO2复合材料的优异性能，并对其增韧机理作了探讨，展望了纳米改性不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料的应用前景。     

硅烷偶联剂对PLA/木粉复合材料性能的影响

以30%木粉和70%聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,加入1%的硅烷偶联剂,通过熔融共混的方法制备了PLA/木粉复合材料,并研究了不同类型硅烷偶联剂对PLA/木粉复合材料结晶性能、热性能、力学性能和吸水率的影响。XRD结果表明:偶联剂KH-550明显降低了复合材料的结晶度,提高了木粉与PLA之间的相容性;热分析结果表明,偶联剂的加入使复合材料的冷结晶温度下降,热稳定性也稍有下降;力学性能测试结果表明:偶联剂的加入改善了复合材料的力学强度,且KH-550的改性效果较好;另外,KH-550的加入还增加了复合材料的耐水性。     

硅烷偶联剂对HDPE/木粉复合材料性能的影响

使用经硅烷偶联剂HP-172和HP-174改性的木粉制备了HDPE/木粉复合材料,研究了偶联剂用量对其性能的影响。实验结果表明:当使用1.5%的HP-172处理木粉后,可使复合材料的各项力学性能提高30%以上;HP-174的用量为1%~1.5%也得到了较好的改性效果。通过FIR和SEM分析发现,硅烷偶联剂可与木粉表面发生化学反应,从而提高了HDPE与木粉的界面粘合强度,使复合材料的力学性能得以提高     

偶联处理对聚乳酸/木粉复合材料性能的影响

采用熔融挤出工艺制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/木粉(WF)复合材料。考察了木粉含量及硅烷偶联剂对材料力学性能的影响,并通过接触角测量、热重分析和扫描电子显微镜观察等对材料的性能及微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明,随着WF含量的升高,复合材料的拉伸强度逐步降低,弯曲强度出现峰值。硅烷偶联剂提高了PLA与WF的界面结合力,改善了复合材料的力学性能。     

UPR/纳米SiO2复合材料研究进展

综述了目前UPR/纳米SiO2复合材料的制备方法,包括原位聚合法、共混法、分子自组装及组装法,介绍了UPR/纳米SiO2复合材料的优异性能,并对其增韧机理作了探讨。     

聚乳酸/木粉复合材料的制备及其性能研究

采用溶液共混法,以木粉为改性剂制备了聚乳酸基生物降解复合材料。研究了木粉用量对复合材料的玻璃化转变温度、力学性能、韧性及形态的影响,并考察了木粉的表面改性处理对复合材料韧性的影响。结果表明,木粉的添加可明显提高聚乳酸的韧性。SEM分析结果表明,木粉与聚乳酸之间的界面结合是复合材料的主要增韧机理。     

纳米ZnO的表面改性及ZnO/UPR复合材料的制备

以无水乙醇为介质,用油酸和硬脂酸对纳米ZnO进行表面改性,将改性后的纳米粒子以粉末形式直接加入或制成苯乙烯悬浮液的形式经过高能超声作用加入不饱和聚酯(UPR)中制备ZnO/UPR复合材料。通过亲油化度、红外图谱来表征油酸和硬脂酸的改性效果。通过TEM分析粒子在UPR中的分散效果。在万能试验机上测量ZnO/UPR复合材料的弯曲强度。结果表明,油酸改性纳米ZnO的效果好于硬脂酸,高能超声作用可以很大程度提高纳米粒子在树脂体系里的分散性,粒子以苯乙烯悬浮液的形式加入UPR中的分散效果更好,纳米ZnO质量分数为1%时ZnO/UPR复合材料的弯曲性能最好。     

PBAT/木粉复合材料的制备

以木粉和聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBAT)为原料,添加硅烷偶联剂,混合均匀后,在开炼机中混炼一定时间制备PBAT/木粉复合材料,从偶联剂种类及其用量、加工温度、加工时间4个方面探讨了制备PBAT/木粉复合材料的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明,加入的硅烷偶联剂KH–560用量为木粉和PBAT总质量的2%,与木粉和PBAT在130℃下混炼10 min,制备出的PBAT/木粉复合材料的相容性较好,且复合材料的拉伸性能达到最优,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别达到12.42 MPa和56.58%。SEM分析表明,添加KH–560后,PBAT/木粉的相容性得到了明显改善,耐水性更好,吸水率从13.04%下降到10.39%,制备出的PBAT/木粉复合材料的耐热性能较原料木粉也得到了较大的提高,在395℃时仅分解40%。     

PVC/木粉复合材料的挤出研究

采用聚氯乙烯(PVC)与木粉制得PVC／木粉复合材料。研究了木粉的含量、偶联剂的类型和含量、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)和抗冲改性剂氯化聚乙烯(CPE)的用量对复合材料性能的影响以及润滑剂含量对加工性能的影响。结果表明,当PVC与木粉用量比为7.0:3.0、偶联剂为木粉用量1.5％、DOP用量为PVC用量20.0％、CPE用量为PVC用量10.0％、润滑剂用量为PVC用量1.2％时,所得复合材料的综合性能较好。     

木粉抽提物对PE-HD/木粉复合材料力学性能的影响

采用不同的方法对木粉进行抽提处理,研究木粉抽提物对高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD)/木粉复合材料力学性能的影响,结果表明:木粉抽提物的移出,使木粉颗粒变得较疏松和有孔隙存在,增强了木粉在PE-HD闻的分散性,从而提高复合材料的力学性能.其中热水抽提的木粉对复合材料的力学性能提高最显著.     

PP/木粉复合材料的热性能

以聚丙烯(PP)/木粉(WF)复合材料(WPC)为对象,研究了WF及马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)含量对WPC热性能的影响。PP和WF的熔融热焓分别为75.84 J/g和189.50 J/g,而w(WF)为10%,20%,30%,40%,50%的WPC的熔融热焓分别为54.99,40.37,38.66,27.34,22.09 J/g,加入PP-g-MAH后,WPC熔融热焓值有所提高。所有WPC在200～750℃的热分解都是分两步完成的,WF含量越高,两步分解现象越明显,第一步失重率越大;WPC每步分解的起始分解温度及峰值温度均有所提高,WPC对热更稳定。     

Thermal and mechanical properties of woodflour/tannin adhesive composites

Composite materials formulated with a natural polyphenolic matrix (commercial tannin adhesive made from quebracho tannin extract), pine woodflour as reinforcing material, and hexamethylenetetramine as hardener were prepared and tested. Scanning electron microscopy of fractured samples was used to analyze the efficiency of the wetting and adhesion of the filler to the surrounding matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis was used in the thermal characterization of the woodflour and the tannin extract. Flexural, compression, and dynamic‐mechanical tests were performed on composites to study the relationship of the filler content and particle size with the composite final properties. Moreover, the influence of the moisture content on the physical and mechanical properties of the different composites was analyzed. Results indicated that the mechanical properties were severely affected by the absorbed moisture. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3074–3082, 2004     

Mechanical properties of woodflour/linseed oil resin composites

The purpose of this project was to obtain new composites using filler and resin obtained from renewable resources, combining low cost and good mechanical properties. The matrix consisted of a polyester resin synthesized from linseed oil and further crosslinked with styrene in a peroxide‐initiated reaction. Composite materials made from the unsaturated polyester/styrene thermoset and containing various percentages of woodflour were prepared and tested. The relationships between the filler content, porosity fraction, and mechanical properties of the materials were evaluated. The bending modulus and strength of the composites were significantly higher than that of the matrix. Simple models were successfully applied in the analysis of the mechanical properties of the materials. The porosity effect was also considered in the model predictions. The results of the mechanical and dynamic mechanical tests, the scanning electron micrographs of surface fractures, and the adhesion parameter calculated from the strength models all indicated that there was a strong interfacial interaction between matrix and filler. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Mechanical properties of woodflour unsaturated polyester composites

Agrowastes and woodflour are a potential and attractive alternative of cheap reinforcement for brittle polymeric materials because they can reduce costs and, at the same time, improve certain properties. On the other hand, their high moisture sorption and low microbial resistance are disadvantages that need to be considered and, as far as possible, corrected. Polyester resins are widely used throughout the world, and can be processed with reinforcing agents very easily. In this work, the effect of the addition of chemically modified woodflour on the final properties of unsaturated polyester composites was studied. The filler was treated with an alkaline solution to increase its interfacial area and then modified with maleic anhydride (MAN) under severe reaction conditions (140°C, 24 h). No improvement in the mechanical behavior of polyester–woodflour composites was found when particles were only alkali treated, while the composites prepared with MAN-treated woodflour offered better performance under compressive loads. Simple mechanical models used to fit the experimental flexural behavior indicated that a good compatibility between filler and matrix was obtained regardless of the kind (treated or untreated) of reinforcement used. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2121–2131, 1998     

PVA对碳酸钙、淤泥/不饱和聚酯树脂体系增强的探讨

采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)对碳酸钙、淤泥进行改性并将其作为不饱和聚酯树脂填料。研究了PVA掺量对碳酸钙/不饱和聚酯树脂和淤泥/不饱和聚酯树脂体系力学性能的影响。采用IR、DSC和SEM探讨了PVA对这2类体系的改性机理。实验结果表明:加入5%PVA后,碳酸钙/树脂体系,淤泥/树脂体系弯曲强度分别提高了55.3%和58.4%。PVA对2种体系的改性增强效应均源于PVA与填料和树脂之间氢键的桥梁作用,氢键改善了无机填料与树脂的相容性,这与以往改性剂与碳酸钙反应生成酯酸钙固化物的机理是不同的。     

Effect of coupling agents on the mechanical properties of fly ash/polyester particulate composites

Fly ash (FA)/general purpose unsaturated polyester resin (GPR) particulate composites were made. The effect of the surface treatment of FA with two different silane coupling agents (CAs) on the mechanical properties, such as the tensile, flexural, compressive, and impact strengths and hardness, of FA–GPR composites were studied. The properties of FA–CA–GPR were also compared with that of GPR and CaCO₃–GPR. An enhancement in the tensile, flexural, compressive, and impact strengths and a decrease in the tensile and flexural moduli were observed when FA was surface treated with CA. Hardness also increases with CA‐treated FA. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1755–1760, 2001     

不饱和聚酯树脂／大麻纤维复合材料的热氧老化

采用模压工艺制备不饱和聚酯(UP)树脂/大麻纤维复合材料,研究了105℃下热氧老化600h前后复合材料力学性能的变化;采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对老化前后复合材料的结构进行对比分析,并通过SEM技术观察复合材料的断面形貌.结果表明,偶联剂KH570处理对复合材料力学性能的总体改善效果最佳.老化600h后,偶联剂处理复合材料具有的最佳力学性能如拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度、弯曲模量及冲击强度分别为19.06MPa、5.78GPa、52.988MPa、1.01GPa和3.881kJ/m2.红外分析显示,偶联剂处理得到的复合材料在老化前后的红外图形变化不明显,有些吸收峰甚至得到了加强.SEM结果表明,老化600h后,偶联剂处理的复合材料中纤维仍能较均匀地分散在树脂基体中,两者间的界面粘结良好.     

2007年我国UPR市场分析和走向

对2007年国内不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR)的生产情况和应用领域的分布情况作了统计分析,介绍了国内UPR新产品、新工艺以及废水处理新技术并对2008年国内UPR市场走向作出了预测。     

UPR凝胶时间与储存期的测定

应用傅立叶红外光谱对两步法合成的不饱和聚酯树脂（UPR）及其凝胶进行了结构表征，分析固化剂和促进剂的用量对凝胶时间的影响，测定在不同温度和不同引发剂下的凝胶时间，并预测了UPR的储存期。     

Morphology development and mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester resin containing nanodiamonds

Unsaturated polyester/styrene (UP ) resin was filled with nanodiamonds (NDs ) containing carboxyl and methacrylate functionalities using mechanical mixing. Field emission SEM exhibited a uniform dispersion of tightly bound aggregates of nanosized spherical NDs with good interfacial interaction. Rheological measurements exhibited a step increment in the shear viscosity of a UP /ND suspension at 0.6 wt% ND resembling a percolation state at this loading. Shear viscosity data supported by dynamic mechanical analysis results suggested the development of effective ND particles in which ND aggregates were covered by only polyester macromolecules. Accordingly, the morphology of UP /ND composites approached a quasi‐percolation state at 0.6 wt% in which effective ND particles were connected thoroughly, instead of direct ND ?ND contact, forming a co‐continuous polyester phase covering the ND particles. Based on such morphology, DSC and Fourier transform infrared analysis suggested the development of heterogeneous microgels in cured UP resin containing NDs which in turn governed the overall mechanical properties of the composites. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry