工程图纸输入与自动识别的改进细化算法

系统地介绍了两种典型的细化算法OPTA算法和Hilditch算法的原理和计算机实现，分析了OPTA算法和Hilditch算法的性能与不足，并提出了一种改进的Hilditch细化算法。该算法通过借鉴OPTA算法中的模板方法有效地减小了图像骨架偏移和毛刺的影响，经实验结果观察，改进的算法使图像细化结果得到较大改善。     

一种改进的启发式任务分配算法

文中首先分析了分布式任务分配中的启发式算法的基本思想，特点，不足和算法复杂度，以及可进一步改进之处，然后给出了一种训发式算法的改进算法，并简单讨论了其特点和性能，最后指出了分布式任务分配的发展方向。     

单处理器系统的实时调度算法研究

实时调度算法是实时系统中的关键技术。文章在研究单处理器系统中常用实时调度算法：固定优先级调度算法和动态优先级调度算法基础上，详细分析了常用固定优先级调度算法RM、DM算法和动态优先级调度算法EDF、LLF和MLLF算法的运算过程和使用条件，提出了各个算法在实际应用中存在的问题，为实际应用中选择何种实时调度算法确定了依据。     

一种关于蛋白质模体的自动识别算法

随着生物信息学的发展，模体识别已经成为一种能够从生物序列中提取有用生物信息的方法。文中介绍了有关模体的一些概念，讨论了模体识别算法(MEME)的基础，即EM(expectation maximization)算法，由于MEME算法是建立在EM算法的基础上的，所以又由此引出了MEME算法，并对MEME算法的一些基本问题比如时间复杂度、算法性能等进行了详细讨论，对算法的局限性和有待改进的地方作了说明。实践证明，MEME是一个较好的模体识别算法，它能够识别出蛋白质或者DNA序列中单个或多个模体，具有很大的灵活性。     

冒泡排序算法的改进

通过对传统冒泡排序算法的讨论，指出其效率不高的缺陷，提出了局部冒泡排序算法，并编程予以实现，其效率及性能较传统的冒泡排序算法有一定程度的提高。同时采用随机及特殊数据在计算机上对传统冒泡排序和局部冒泡排序算法进行了分析和性能对比测试，对局部冒泡排序算法的时间性能作出了评价，指出了局部冒泡排序算法的特点及优势。通过实验证明了局部冒泡排序算法较传统冒泡排序算法在时同性能上有了一定的改进。     

对BM串匹配算法的一个改进

在对著名的Boyer-Moore串匹配算法进行分析后，对BM算法中的尝试位置移动处理部分进行改进，提出了IBM算法，该算法将好后缀移动与坏字符移动合并进行处理，从而尽量利用已有信息进行更大的尝试位置移动，使算法具有更高的效率，对IBM算法进行复杂度分析，对BM算法、KMP算法和IBM算法进行实际性能比较，结果表明IBM算法的平均运行时间明显优于BM算法与KMP算法。     

覆盖聚类算法的应用研究

聚类算法是数据挖掘的核心技术。介绍了几类主要的传统聚类算法，给出了每类算法的基本概念、基本原理、各类表示聚类的算法以及这些算法的特征。然后再提出了一种新的聚类算法——覆盖聚类算法，给出了该算法的具体步骤，并对模糊聚类算法和该算法用实验的方式进行比较，证明了覆盖聚类算法的可行性和有效性。最后分析了当前聚类算法存在的问题和发展方向。     

分布式系统进程互斥算法的研究与改进

本文分析比较了传统互斥算法，提出了一种新的基于令牌的算法，并详细阐述算法的设计思想及其数据结构。本算法最主要的特点是在分布式互斥中引入了优先级和树的概念，能有效的降低进程问的通信量，以及保证互斥和预防死锁。     

分布式系统中的检查点算法

检查点能够保存和恢复程序的运行状态．它在进程迁移、容错、卷回调试等领域都有重要的应用．本文对分布式系统中的检查点算法进行了详细的分类评述．检查点算法可分为单进程和分布式程序检查点算法，分布式程序检查点算法又可分为异步检查点算法和一致检查点算法．同时本文系统介绍了改进检查点算法性能的典型方法．这些改进算法主要采用两个策略来减少算法的开销与延迟：一是减少检查点文件中需要存储的信息量，如增量算法等；二是提高检查点操作与目标程序运行的并行性，如主存算法等．最后，文章讨论了目前检查点算法的局限性和进一步的工作．     

改进的边标志算法

本文详细描述了一种快速多边形填充算法－改进的边标志算法。该算法和扫描线算法相比，具有数据结构简单，不需要对众多的表格进行维护和排序，实现思想简洁和适合硬化等优点。和边标志算法相比，算法的运行速度有了明显提高。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。