长玻璃纤维增强尼龙6的力学性能研究

采用一种新的熔融浸渍工艺制备了长玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料,研究了玻纤含量、玻纤长度分布对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,在玻纤质量分数为50％时复合材料的拉伸强度为234MPa,弯曲强度为349MPa,弯曲弹性模量为11．4GPa,缺口冲击强度为313J／m,综合力学性能明显优于短玻纤增强尼龙6复合材料。     

长玻纤增强PET复合材料的力学性能研究

采用自制的浸润装置，以PET浸渍长波纤，经切粒后得到长度为6mm的长纤维增强PET预浸料切片，经一定温度热处理，可得到长纤增强PET复合材料。研究了注塑样条中玻纤含量对其力学性能及玻纤长度分布的影响，并采用SEM观察了长玻纤增强PET注塑样条的断面形貌。结果表明，复合材料力学性能随玻璃纤维含量的提高均有不同程度的提高，当玻纤的质量分数在40％～50％时，力学性能基本达到最佳，且由本方法制备的长玻纤增强PET复合材料的力学性能已达到并超过了国外同类产品的水平。     

长玻纤增强ASA/PVC夹芯复合板材的制备及性能

采用在线混配法制备了长玻纤增强ASA复合片材和夹芯复合板材。通过实验制备了不同玻纤含量长玻纤复合片材时,双螺杆挤出机的主机转速、喂料转速及纤维束数。研究了制备工艺对片材性能的影响,采用微观电镜分析了接枝料及玻纤含量对片材力学性能的影响,并通过残余玻纤长度的测量分析了片材力学性能与玻纤长度之间的关系。通过工艺优化,将长玻纤增强ASA片材热覆于PVC发泡板的表面,快速冷压成型,制备了长玻纤增强ASA/PVC夹芯复合板材,得到了不同面层对复合板材弯曲、冲击等力学性能的影响。结果表明,当长玻纤含量为20%时,制备的夹芯复合板材的性能最佳,其弯曲强度、弯曲模量均达到Ⅱ类强度实芯建筑模板用木塑复合板的标准。     

复合材料的进展(一)

介绍复合材料的研究开发情况,并就玻纤坛强材料的树脂相影响,树脂成份的改性以及玻纤长度的影响等作了详细论述。     

节能建材用高性能玻纤增强尼龙66隔热材料

文章研究了玻纤表面处理及其长度分布对高性能隔热条专用的增强尼龙66复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:玻纤表面处理剂MKH添加量达到0.11%时,能够有效地提高玻纤与尼龙66基体的界面粘接强度,并能提高隔热条饱和吸水后的拉伸强度;玻纤长度的平均值为0.75 mm,且长度分布均匀时有利于隔热条的挤出。     

长玻纤增强聚氨酯复合材料弯曲应力-应变试验研究

针对长玻纤增强反应注射成型聚氨酯复合材料(RRIM-PU)进行了弯曲性能测试试验,研究了玻纤质量分数及玻纤长度对RRIM-PU复合材料弯曲性能的影响,得到了弯曲应力-应变曲线。同时结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察微观组织结构,分析了玻纤在基体中的增强作用及制品弯曲破坏机理。研究结果表明:玻纤质量分数30%,玻纤长度25 mm的复合材料制品具有最佳的弯曲性能。     

超细玻纤的长度分布调控及其PTFE基复合材料力学性能

为了提高聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)基复合材料的力学性能,须在树脂基体中添加玻璃纤维作为增强材料。本文以超细玻璃纤维棉为研究对象,采用一种低速磨碎设备,通过调节设备的转速和磨碎的时间,调控棉状纤维的长度分布,采用鲍尔筛分仪表征纤维的长度分布,并与PTFE和陶瓷粉混合,制成短玻纤增强材料随机填充的PTFE基超薄复合片材。实验结果表明,以70 rpm、10 s的低速磨碎工艺条件制备的短玻纤长度分布适中,满足制备PTFE基复合材料的条件,在50目、100目、200目和400目筛网截留玻纤的质量分数分别为15.3wt%、20.8wt%、19.5wt%和14.6wt%,配置的纤维水浆料分散均匀无团聚体,制备的PTFE基复合材料的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和压缩模量分别提升至15.4 MPa、762 MPa和1232 MPa。     

隔热条专用玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料

从玻纤长度及分布和分散润滑剂的影响两方面出发,研究了如何制备适合于隔热条生产工艺的玻纤增强尼龙66复合材料。结果表明：玻纤长度的平均值约为0.75mm,且长度分布均匀时有利于隔热条的挤出;分散润滑剂YL-100能够改善隔热条挤出造成的玻纤外露现象。     

汽车聚丙烯风道支架材料弯曲性能研究

以汽车风道支架常用的20%(质量分数,下同)滑石粉填充聚丙烯(PP)材料、20%短玻纤增强PP材料、5%长玻纤增强PP材料和20%长玻纤增强PP材料为研究对象,通过扫描电子显微镜对材料中滑石粉和玻纤的取向性进行了观察,并对其注塑样板中流动方向和垂直流动方向的弯曲模量进行测试。结果表明：滑石粉、玻纤在PP基体中均具有明显的取向性,且玻纤长度越短取向性越强。玻纤增强PP材料流动方向的弯曲模量保留率明显高于滑石粉填充PP材料,且玻纤长度越长、含量越高,其弯曲模量保留率越高;玻纤长度越短,材料垂直流动方向的弯曲模量越低。滑石粉填充PP材料流动与垂直流动方向的弯曲模量差异性较小,玻纤增强PP材料长径比越大、含量越少,材料流动与垂直流动方向的弯曲模量差异越小。     

碳玻混编单向复合材料的性能分析

采用碳纤维质量含量分别为7.4%、10.7%、13.8%的三种碳玻层间混编单向织物制备了纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料,分析了该类材料的力学性能与工艺性能。结果表明:碳玻层间混编复合材料的0°拉伸模量和0°压缩模量均随碳纤维含量的提高而升高,掺入碳纤维后碳玻混杂复合材料的0°拉伸强度比纯玻纤复合材料的有所降低,但随碳纤维含量的增加而升高,碳玻层间混编复合材料的0°压缩强度则没有明显的变化规律;掺入碳纤维后,碳玻层间混编复合材料的90°拉伸强度和模量均有所下降;低碳纤维含量的碳玻层间混编单向织物具有良好的Z向渗透性能。该类新材料未来有望在风电叶片结构减重和成本优化上发挥重要作用。     

玻璃纤维增强MC尼龙力学性能的研究

用玻璃纤维对MC尼龙复合材料进行改性,研究了玻璃纤维含量及长度对MC尼龙复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:玻纤含量50%的MC尼龙同玻纤含量40%的MC尼龙相比,冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高29.63%、5.43%,6.47%;MC尼龙复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度及冲击强度随玻璃纤维长度的增长而增加,玻纤的长度越长,MC尼龙复合料力学性能提升效果越好;MC尼龙复合材料弯曲强度与玻纤重均长度为正相关关系,随着玻纤重均长度增大而增大。     

混合元件对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯中玻璃纤维长度的影响

对啮合同向双螺杆挤出机90 °捏合块、六棱柱、变间隙转子3种混合元件流道流场进行了数值模拟,分析3种元件的混合性能。实验研究了使用3种不同元件的螺杆组合对玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯（GFRPP）复合材料中玻璃纤维长度的影响。结果表明,啮合同向双螺杆挤出机中聚合物熔体产生的剪切对玻璃纤维长度影响明显,混合元件的剪切越强,制品中玻璃纤维的平均长度就越短,制品的拉伸强度和冲击强度越低。     

Experimental characterization of interfacial adhesion of an optical fiber embedded in a composite material

The efficiency of an optical sensor embedded in a composite structure strongly depends on the interfacial adhesion between the optical fiber coating and the surrounding solid material. The present paper reports on the study of the interfacial adhesion of an optical fiber embedded in a composite material. A simple system composed of optical fibers embedded in an epoxy vinylester resin was first studied to evaluate the influence of embedded length, curing temperature and curing time. Pull-out tests on optical fibers bonded in epoxy vinylester/glass fiber composite material were carried out to measure the effect of glass concentration on the fiber bonding. The pull-out results showed no effect of both embedded length and curing temperature. However, an increase of the interfacial debonding stress is reported with increased curing time. For the optical fiber/composite system, a linear evolution of interfacial debonding stress with increasing glass fiber concentration is reported.     

螺杆组合对玻纤增强聚酰胺66纤维长度及力学性能的影响

研究了在同向双螺杆挤出机不同混合段螺杆组合下制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强聚酰胺66(PA66)复合材料时的纤维破坏情况,并通过沿螺杆轴向取样分析纤维长度沿挤出方向的变化规律,研究了不同螺杆组合对制品力学性能的影响,设计出适合于PA66/马来酸酐接枝乙烯辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)/GF体系的螺杆组合。结果表明,合理设计纤维加入后的螺杆组合可以有效提高剩余纤维长度及制品的力学性能,同捏合块相比,使用反向齿形盘能够在提供较强混合能力的同时保证较低的剪切强度,从而有利于保持纤维长度,并有助于纤维的分散及物料的混合;将混合元件分开布置,并用输送元件将其分隔开,有助于提高输送能力,保持纤维长度。     

玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的研究进展

综述了长、短玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯（GFRPP）复合材料的研究进展，总结出纤维含量、纤维长度及分布、纤维取向及分布、纤维与基体界面结合和改性等均为影响GFRPP性能的因素。在复合材料中，长度大于临界长度的玻璃纤维对材料的强度才有作用；增强玻璃纤维与聚丙烯的界面结合也是提高增强效果的有效手段。     

Effects of fiber length on the tensile strength of epoxy/glass fiber and polyester/glass fiber composites

In discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites, the shear strength at the fiber–matrix interface plays an important role in determining the reinforcing effect. In this paper, a method was devised to accurately determine this shear strength, taking the strength distribution of glass fiber into consideration. Calculated strength values based on the shear strenght obtained by the method were in better agreement with the experimental observations than those calculated by employing the shear strength obtained on the assumption that the fiber strength was uniform. The tensile strength of composites increases with increasing aspect ratio of the reinforcing fibers. This trend is almost the same regardless of the kind of matrix, the nature of interfacial treatment, and the environmental temperature. When composites are reinforced with random-planar orientation of short glass fibers of 1.5 times the mean critical fiber length, the tensile strength of composite reaches about 90% of the theoretical strength of composites reinforced with continuous glass fiber. Reinforcing with glass fibers 5 times the critical length, the tensile strength reaches about 97% of theoretical. However, from a practical point of view, it is adequate to reinforce with short fibers of 1.5–2.0 times the mean critical fiber lenght.     

Influence of screw configuration and processing temperature on the properties of short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites

Short glass fiber reinforced polymers are used in many different applications due to their good property profiles. These properties are directly correlated with the fiber length present in the final composite, which can be influenced through the process. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the influence of processing temperature and screw configuration in compounding on the properties of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene. On the one hand, the barrel temperature was varied between 180°C and 260°C and, on the other hand, four different screw configurations were applied using a standard temperature profile. Specimens were produced by injection molding, which were tested via mechanical characterization, density, and fiber length measurements as well as morphology through microscopical analysis. We found, that with higher barrel temperatures and screw configurations bringing lower shear into the melt the glass fiber length is preserved better, thus resulting in improved composite properties. Also the interfacial interaction is not influenced within the investigated parameters, as was checked via the application of a micromechanical model in composite strength. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1552–1559 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers     

甲基苯基硅树脂及其复合材料的性能研究

以甲基和苯基氯硅烷为单体,采用水解缩聚的方法合成有机硅树脂.对有机硅树脂的凝胶特性及黏度特征等物理性能进行了研究,结果表明甲基苯基硅树脂可以用作复合材料基体树脂使用.通过热失重法、热失重微分曲线法及恒温热失重法对硅树脂的热性能进行研究,发现甲基苯基硅树脂具有优异的耐热性能.对以甲基苯基硅树脂为基体,制备的玻璃纤维复合材料进行弯曲强度测试和层间剪切强度测试,结果表明,玻璃纤维/甲基苯基硅树脂复合材料具有较好的力学性能.     

汽车水室用增强PA66复合材料的研制

通过特殊的螺杆组合工艺,制备了汽车水室用增强尼龙( PA) 66复合材料,分别考察了螺杆组合、耐水解玻纤和耐水解剂对材料性能和表面质量的影响.结果表明,螺杆组合对玻纤的保留长度和分布影响显著.耐水解玻纤的加入大大提高了材料的耐水解性能,自制耐水解剂能有效地防止材料表面出现裂纹.所研制的增强PA66复合材料目前已成功用于...