优化方法和最优控制在力标准机控制系统中的应用

新建5 MN液压式力标准机时,对于液压式力标准机力值砝码加卸载系统提出了新方案,利用最优控制技术进行力值砝码加卸载系统的设计,从而大大提高力标准机的工作效率。     

5MN液压式力标准机的设计与验证

设计开发了一种液压式力标准机,对其不确定度进行了评定,并对其测量性能进行了验证。在传统液压式力标准机的基础上,设计了一种新型静压油缸系统,消除了初载荷对测量结果的影响,提高了测量准确度。开发了一套力值砝码加卸载系统,实现了更加高效的加卸载。经中国计量科学院现场检定,所开发的力标准机达到JJG 1117—2015《液压式力标准机检定规程》0.05级的要求。     

新型自平衡液压式力标准机力值砝码系统

新建5MN液压式力标准机时,利用液压缸自平衡的新技术解决了初载荷的平衡问题,对该自平衡液压式力标准机力值砝码加卸载机构提出了新的设计,建立新的力值砝码组合方式,从而大大提高力标准机的工作效率。     

杠杆式力标准机控制系统设计

力标准机是力学计量中对各种力传感器、测力仪和称重传感器进行检定或测试的设备,它通常分为静重式、杠杆式、液压式、叠加式等类型。力值不确定度主要取决于砝码质量的不确定度、安装地点重力加速度的测量不确定度、砝码和空气密度的测量不确定度,同时还与砝码的稳定性、加卸方式及机器的结构有关。本文提出了一种杠杆式力标准机电气控制系统的设计方案,     

液压式力标准机改造

一、概述针对旧式液压式力标准机,我所依据改造技术要求制定技术方案并实施改造工程。换装新型先进液压伺服控制系统,改造砝码加卸装置,研制先进的电控系统。运用神经元控制技术,实现机器工作的精确力值施加和高稳定度控制;以伺服驱动、数字控制技术为主要技术手段,实施重力砝码的高效、准确加卸;以计算机为主控制器,以高性能激光位置传感器     

静重式力标准机砝码交换力平衡控制技术

静重式力标准机利用少量的砝码，进行相等力值间隔逐级加、卸荷时，需要交换砝码。当砝码进行交换时出现逆负荷现象，会对被检测力仪的示值产生影响。阐述了静重式力标准机采用的交换砝码方法是建立在利用弹性力替代砝码重力，砝码交换过程中重力与弹性力达到平衡的基本原理。提出了实现静重式力标准机砝码交换时系统达到力平衡的一种预加荷装置，经砝码交换力平衡控制的力学分析与实验验证，静重式力标准机采用预加负荷实施倒码力平衡控制的方法在理论上和技术上是可行的、有效的。     

1MN变臂比双杠杆式力标准机的研制

<正>一、概述传统杠杆式力标准机杠杆比是固定的,其量程内的力级需要使用数十个砝码进行组合,加、卸载均需要交换砝码,所以传统杠杆式力标准机结构复杂、体积庞大、造价较高,而且存在逆向负荷,加、卸荷速度等关键指标均不能满足OIML R60《称重传感器》的要求,因此不能用于C级称重传感器的质检和常规检定。变臂比双杠杆式力标准机突破了传统杠杆式力标准机的缺点,利用伺服油缸自动平衡主杠杆,控制游码     

BZC600Ⅱ型静重式力标准机测量不确定度分析方法

静重式力标准机采用砝码直接加荷复现力值。它由机架、反向器吊挂系统、砝码组、砝码组合机构、砝码加卸装置及电控系统组成。下面对其测量不确定度进行分析。     

JJG1116-2015《叠加式力标准机检定规程》解读

正JJG753-1991《叠加式力标准机检定规程》于1991年颁布。2001年,出于精简规程数量的要求,叠加式、液压式、静重式、杠杆式四类力标准机合并入JJG734-2001《力标准机检定规程》,并一直执行至今。叠加式力标准机(以下简称"叠加机")使用力传感器复现力值,其他类力标准机使用砝码复现力值,     

关于力标准机量值长期稳定性及某些标准机结构配置中存在缺陷的研究

<正>一、现力值的测量不确定度影响因素按照结构分析可以得出各类型力标准机的主要不确定度影响因素以及影响的途径和程度。静重式力标准机的主要影响因素包括砝码质量、重力加速度、空气密度、砝码密度等参数的测量不确定度,同时还受工作台水平度(或拉头同轴度)、砝码摆动量等的影响。杠杆式力标准机的主要影响因素除静重式力标准机的影响因素之外,还包括杠杆放大比、杠杆灵敏阈等的影响。液压式力标准机的主要影响因素除静重式力标     

Toyota production system and Kanban system Materialization of just-in-time and respect-for-human system

The Toyota Production System and Kanban System introduced in this paper was developed by the Vice-President of Toyota Motor Company, Mr. Taiiohi Ohno, and it was under his guidance that these unique production systems have become deeply rooted in Toyota Motor Company in the past 20 years. There are two major distinctive features in these systems. One of these is the ‘just-in-time production ’, a specially important factor in an assembly industry such as automotive manufacturing. In this type of production, “ only the necessary products, at the necessary time, in necessary quantity ” are manufactured, and in addition, the stock on hand is held down to a minimum. Second, the System is the ‘respect-for-human’ system where the workers are allowed to display in full their capabilities through active participation in running and improving their own workshops.     

大型水蒸汽喷射泵系统在线监测

依据水蒸汽喷射泵的抽气机理，结合其实际工作情况，分析了影响水蒸汽喷射泵抽气性能的主要因素；确定了要监测的模拟量和开关量信号，以及各监测点的位置；设计了在线监测的硬件系统；开发的监测系统软件，具有数据采集、接收、处理、存储、显示、打印、查询等功能；为研究喷射泵抽气性能，为现场操作者简明、准确地了解真空设备的运行状态，为真空设备故障诊断提供了帮助，因此，具有理论价值和实际意义。     

中央空调的故障诊断系统

阐述专家控制系统的特点和中央空调的组成，描述中央空调专家控制系统结构，详细说明该系统的软、硬件设计。该系统是以微型计算机为上位机，以PLC为下位机的控制系统。软件的设计着重于专家控制系统软件的开发。     

低压系统雷电防护标准体系初探

1前言据不完全统计,我国每年因雷击造成人员伤亡达3000～4000人,财产损失达200亿人民币;雷电灾害已成为破坏性日趋严重的气象灾害之一,雷电带来的电磁现象属电磁污染范围,而电磁污染是世界公认的继水质污染、大气污染、噪声污染之后的第四大污染。随着工农业生产和人民生活的现代化,对铁路、航空、金融、电力、电信、电视、网络等服务系统和设施可靠性及服务质量要求也越来越高,人类活动对这些公用事业的依赖性也越来越大,对雷电防护提出了更高要求。因此,结合我国实际,加快雷电防护标准的建设,具有构筑我国防雷领域的技术壁垒的重要意义。2…     

Just-in-time manufacturing system: a periodic pull system

The just-in-time manufacturing system, as developed in the Toyota Motor Co., may be stated as producing or stocking ‘only the necessary items in necessary quantities at the necessary time’. When the just-in-time concept is applied to an industrial material management system, it is called a pull system, which means that the amount and time of material flow are determined by the rate and time of the actual stock consumption. Actually, in Toyota, this pull system is operated manually by means of a kanban, a sort of card or tag.

As an alternative to a kanban method, a periodic pull system (PPS) is developed as an operating policy of practising a Pull system. Due to the fact that, in a PPS, the manual information processing time of a kanban method is replaced with an instant on-line computerized processing, the material lead time is much shorter than that of a kanban system. This results in better system performance such as less lead time inventory and faster system response.

A PPS is formulated mathematically and a solution approach is provided for target stock levels, as well as the analysis of the fluctuations of in-process material flow, on-hand stock levels, target availability, etc.     

机器人系统任溅射镀膜设备中的应用

现代工业的发展要求真空镀膜设备具有对复杂曲而零部件进行均匀镀膜的能力,要实现此类工件的镀膜要求,只有引进机器人技术才能达到.本文介绍了机器人系统在磁控溅射镀膜机中的应用,并对镀膜机器人应用条件和控制过程进行论述.     

A generative system for re-engineering manufacturing system organization

The target organization of a problematic business process is the one that is completely focused on the target market, whereas the organizational change plan is the set of intermediary organizations that lead to a satisfactory organization close to the target organization. Organizational re-engineering includes the identification of the target organization and the design of the organizational change plan for a problematic business process. Current re-engineering methodologies do not use fuzzy cognitive maps for identifying the target organization or formal tools for designing the organizational change plan. This paper presents a new CAD system that supports organizational re-engineering. This system includes fuzzy cognitive maps that identify the target organization using industry knowledge and feedback control models that support the design of the organizational change plan by adapting the target organization to the current reality of the firm. The organizational change plan can be corrected during the implementation of the organizational changes because it is expressed as a function of the state of the problematic system. The suggested CAD system is applied to re-engineer the setup operations of a problematic press.